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The Roles and Capabilities of Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Institutions in Shaping Education Access in Cigugur Sub-district, West Java, Indonesia Michelle Lim; Lucky Permana; Vinsensius Billy Hongo; Kanaya Kiandra; Kathryn Nabasa; Albert Hasudungan
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute February
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i1.1653

Abstract

The objective of this research paper is to explore the capacities of formal, non-formal, and informal educational institutions, as parts of social institutions. The roles of these institutions will be assessed within the urban, middle, and rural areas of Cigugur sub-district in Kuningan. This research uses qualitative methods, comprising interview and 1-month participant observation in the field. From this research, it was found that the education access in the urban areas of Cigugur boasts an abundance of formal education, in which the skills that were shaped are literacy and communication skills. On the other hand, the middle - areas, which lack formal education, rely on non-formal institutions (such as the local churches and local Islamic organizations (pesantren) to shape ethical and entrepreneurship education through a series of communal meetings. In fact, due to the rare availability of formal education in the rural areas, knowledge spillover from older to younger generations is delivered through informal conversations to shape basic entrepreneurial skills in their informal businesses. The academic contribution of this article is to illuminate the different roles and capabilities of social institutions to deliver different access to education in their various geographical contexts.
Tour Consumer Well-Being in Tourism Destination: A Case of the Lake Toba Redha Widarsyah; Eka Ardianto; Albert Hasudungan
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 5, No 4 (2022): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v5i4.7198

Abstract

This study focuses on identifying the underlying well-being dimensionalities that exist in a tourism destination. Researchers conduct qualitative content analysis of digital platform of Lake Toba as a tourism destination. The methodology uses content analysis of secondary sources. The stages consist of condensation, coding, categorizing, and patterning the theme. By utilizing content analysis methodology, the study was able to identify seven dimensions of tour consumer well-being: 1) Biopsychological; 2) Cultural Identity; 3) Social Connectedness; 4) Spiritual Attunement; 5) Social Enterprising; 6) Inspirational Mindfulness; and 7) Environmental Altruism well-being. This research finds that Lake Toba as tourist destination activates reciprocal tour consumers in related to 7 well-being dimensions. Lake Toba as tourist destination embraces consumer tour to appraise the indigenous home and their collective enterprises.