Fri Rahmawati
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

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Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Geranium homeanum Turez Leaves Fri Rahmawati; Maria Bintang; I Made Artika
Current Biochemistry Vol. 4 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Geranium homeanum Turez is a herbaceous plant used as an empirical medicine. This research was carried out to test the antibacterial activity and determine minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with agar diffution method and phytochemical analysis of geranium leaves  by Harbone method. The young and old geranium leaves were blended then filtrated. The obtained filtrate was divided into two parts, one part heated by autoclave and the other was unheated. Each filtrate was tested against to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Geranium leaves filtrate having the highest antibacterial activity was heated at 500C until it  become dry powder.  The powder was used to measure MIC and phytochemical analysis.The results showed that the antibacterial activity of young leaves filtrate was higher than the old leaves filtrat, and the unheated leaves filtrate was higher than heated filtrate one. MIC of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, were as follows 15 mg/ml and 20 mg/mL respectively. The antibacterial activity of powder geranium’s leaves  filtrate was weaker than 100 µg/mL ampicilline. Phytochemical analysis of geranium leaves showed positive contents of alkaloid and triterpenoid.
The Relationship Between Random Blood Glucose Levels and The Incidence of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Nur Nunu Prihantini; Fri Rahmawati; Zefeilyne Angelita Permata Sitorus; John Jackson Yang; Frisca Angreni
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i2.615

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge characterized by an ever-increasing number of cases annually. The most feared chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), which significantly increases the risk of amputation and mortality rates. This study aims to analyze the relationship between random blood sugar (RBS) levels and the incidence of DFU in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Paragon Hospital, Citeureup 2026. The research method used is an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 54 subjects meet the inclusion criteria out of 109 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Medical record data were statistically analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results indicated that DFU patients were predominantly male (53.7%) and belonged to the 46-55 age group (38.9%). Clinical findings showed that the majority of research subjects (88.9%) had high random blood sugar levels (≥ 200 mg/dL). Statistical test results yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between high RBS levels and the incidence of DFU. Based on the result the concluded that uncontrolled RBS levels are a primary trigger for DFU. Chronic hyperglycemia triggers vascular and nerve damage, which inhibits the tissue healing process in the feet. Optimal control of RBS levels is essential as a preventive measure to avoid amputation complications in type 2 diabetes patients.