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Effect of fermented Jatropha curcas meal combined with enzymes on metabolizable energy, retention of N, P, Ca and digesteble crude fiber Yenni Yusriani; T. Toharmat; Sumiati .; E. Wina; A. Setiyono
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 16, No 3 (2011): SEPTEMBER 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Jatropha curcas meal (JCM) contain high protein, but its utilization as feed ingredient is limited by the presence of several anti nutritive and toxic compounds. A research has been conducted in the Faculty of Animal Husbandry IPB to determine the values of metabolizable energy, crude fiber digestibility, retention of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorous of JCM fermented using Rhizopus oligoporus or of fermented JCM suplemented with enzymes on chickens. In this experiment 25 of ten weeks old chickens were used (20 chickens were fed experimental diets, and 5 chickens were used to measure endogenous energy). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications was used in this experiment. The experimental diets were R0 = basal diet without JCM; R1 = the diet contained unprocess JCM 5%; R2 = the diet contained fermented JCM 5%+ cellulase 20.000 U/kg; R3 = the diet contained 5% of fermented JCM + phytase 1000 FTU/kg; R4 = the diet contained 5% of fermented JCM+ cellulase 20.000 U/kg + phytase 1000 FTU/kg. The parameters measured were Metabolizable Energy (ME, Men, TME, TMEn) digestibility of crude fiber and retention of calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen. The result indicated that fermented JCM suplemented enzym phytase, cellulase as well as enzym combination increased metabolizable energy. Nitrogen retention was improved highest significantly (P < 0.01) by feed of fermented JCM suplemented enzyme compared to control diet or diet containing untreated JCM. The fermented JCM suplemented with phytase enzyme (R3) gave the highest nitrogen retention (76.73%.). The highest value of digested crude fibre (24.65%) was on the diet containing fermented JCM suplemented with cellulase (R2). The calcium retention improved significantly (P < 0.05) with diet containing fermented JCM supplemented enzyme compared to that of the diet containing untreated JCM. It can be concluded that fermented JCM supplemented enzymes cellulase, phytase and its combination increased the value of metabolizable energy, digestibility of crude fiber and nitrogen retention. Key Words: Chicken, JCM Fermented, Enzymes, Metabolic Energy

Performance of Garut breed rams fed diets containing various cation-anion difference with or without fish oil supplementation Rahmat Hidayat; T. Toharmat; A. Boediono; I.G. Permana
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 16, No 3 (2011): SEPTEMBER 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) and fish oil supplementations on dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD), weight gain, as well as the acidity of urine in Garut breed rams. The experiment was done based on randomized group design with 6 treatments and 3 groups. The dietary treatments were as follows: R0= basal ration (DCAD +14) without fish oil, R1 = basal ration (DCAD +14) with 3% fish oil, R2 = base ration (DCAD +40) without fish oil, R3 = base ration (DCAD +40) with 3% fish oil, R4 = acid ration (DCAD -40) without fish oil, and R5 = acid ration (DCAD -40) with 3% fish oil. All rations contained 150 ppm of zinc and were offered to 18 of Garut breed rams. The results indicated that DCAD +40 and -40 decreased DMI significantly. The ration with DCAD +40 had the lowest DMI. Fish oil supplementation decreased DMI. No differences were observed for DMD and OMD. DCAD +40 and -40 decreased body weight of rams. However, the body weight of rams was very low. Variation of urine pH followed the DCAD pattern. It was concluded that DCAD +40 and -40, as well as fish oil supplementations decreased DMI, body weight and urine pH followed the DCAD pattern. Keys Words: Cation, Anion, Body Weight, Digestibility, Garut Breed Rams

Altering physiological conditions and semen acidity by manipulating dietary cation-anion difference and fish oil supplemenation of Garut breed rams Rahmat Hidayat; T. Toharmat; A. Boediono; I.G. Permana
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 14, No 1 (2009): MARCH 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Contribution of Garut breed sheep as protein resources is not optimal yet. Acceleration of population growth such as increasing of female offspring is neccesary. This study was carried out to obtain information regarding the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (PKAR: meq [(Na + K) – (Cl+S)/100 g of dry matter]) and fish oil supplementation on acidity of blood and semen, blood gas and plasma and semen mineral. The dietary treatmens were as follows: RN0= basal ration (PKAR +14) without fish oil, RNI= basal ration (PKAR +14) with 3% fish oil, RB0= base ration (PKAR +40) without fish oil, RBI= base ration (PKAR +40) with 3% fish oil, RA0= acid ration (PKAR -40) without fish oil, and RAI= acid ration (PKAR -40) with 3% fish oil. The rations contained 150 ppm of zinc and were offered to 18 of Garut rams. The result indicated that blood pH, pCO2, and pO2 were not affected by PKAR and fish oil supplementation, but cHCO3 and cBase were affected (P<0.05). PKAR and fish oil supplementation affected (P<0.01) plasma Mg and S, but did not affect K, Na, Zn and Cl. Semen pH after day 28 of experimental period were highly significant different and that followed PKAR pattern. In conclution, PKAR affected cBase, cHCO3, concentration of Mg and S plasma and semen pH of Garut rams. The result suggested that PKAR could be applied to manipulate physiological condition and semen pH. Key Words: PKAR, Physiological Condition, Semen, Garut Ram

The potential of sugar cane juice as the liquid supplement and phytase enzyme carrier for poultry by in vitro Ermin Widjaja; T. Toharmat; D.A. Santoso; Sumiati .; M. Ridla; S. Iskandar
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 16, No 4 (2011): DECEMBER 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Most of the components of poultry feed (80%) of grains and meal that contains phytic acid which has anti-nutritional factor because it can bind minerals and reduce its availability. Phytic acid can be hydrolyzed by the enzyme phytase. Phytase enzyme naturally found in sugar cane juice, but its use as poultry feed supplements have not been done. The study was conducted using sugar cane juice PS 851 from Jatiroto PTPN XI, Lumajang, East Java in order to get the information potential of sugar cane juice as a liquid supplement and phytase enzyme carrier for poultry viewed from the aspect of nutrient content of sugarcane juice and phytase activity in the release rate of phosphorus. Research conducted at the Faculty of Animal IPB for 10 months. The rate of hydrolysis of phytase on P was tested using rice bran as a substrate. Sugar cane juice is added to the 2.5% level, using 4-level incubation (1, 2, 3 and 4 hours), each level consisting of 37°C and 42°C; pH 2; pH 4.5 and pH 5 with three replications. Study using a Two Factors Experiments in Completely Randomized Design and it was continued by DMRT test. P release rate was measured by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the sugar cane juice has a phytase activity of 0.0766 U / ml, brix level of 22.15%, containing water 73.03%, protein 0.47%, crude fiber 6.43%, minerals Ca 0.03%, P 0,02%, Co 0.14 mg / l, Fe 1.8 mg/l, Mn 1.55 mg/l, Zn 1.37 mg/ l, Cu 0.19 mg/ l, Se 12.63 mcg/100 g, vitamins B3 5.26 mg/100 g, C 0.72 mg/100 g, E 0.08 mg/100 g, sucrose 32.42%, fructose 2.41%, galactose 2% and glucose 1.58%. Supplementation of 2.5% sugar cane juice can increase the P release rate of 112-235% at optimum conditions of pH 5, at 37°C with a long incubation period of 1-4 hours. Key Words: Sugar Cane Juice, Phytase, Phosphorus

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