Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

April H. Wardhana

IRCVS

Author-ID : 2823471

Veterinary

Published : 3 Documents Claim Missing Document

Claim Missing Document

Articles

Evaluation of surra treatment strategies attacking horses and buffaloes in East Sumba District, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province of Indonesia (2010 – 2016) Rita S. Dewi; April H. Wardhana; Retno D. Soejoedono; Sri Mulatsih
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 24, No 1 (2019): MARCH 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Surra is a disease attacking livestock caused by a flagellated protozoan, Trypanosoma evansi. Indonesia archipelago is reported as an endemic country of the disease, except Sumba Island. However, Surra outbreak occurred in this Island in 2010 due to livestock movement from the neighbour island, Sumbawa. It generated high mortality in livestock, particularly in horses and buffaloes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Surra treatment strategies in East Sumba District from 2010-2016 and to estimate the incidence of Surra in the next few months (forecast). The treatment strategy of Surra in East Sumba was divided into 2 (two) periods e.g. the first period in 2010-2011 using Isomethamedium as the single drug (period I) and the second period in 2012 - 2016 using a combination between diminazene aceturate as curative and isomethamedium as a prophylactic drug (period II). All data in the present study was obtained from the local livestock agency of East Sumba District from 2010 – 2016 when Surra outbreak occurred. The effectiveness of those two treatment strategies was compared using the proportion test. The results demonstrated that morbidity and mortality of horses and buffaloes were significantly greater in the period I (2010-2011) compared to period II (2012-2016). The treatment strategy in the period II was able to decrease the proportion of morbidity in horses and buffaloes for 1.44% and 0.66%, respectively. Likewise, the proportion of mortality in period II was also less than the period I from 3.79% to 1.30% for horses and from 2.80% to 0.55% for buffaloes. Based on forecasting study analysis using the control program projected with decomposition method for the next 12 months demonstrated that the treatment strategy in the period II could reduce the incidence and death of livestock by Surra. The treatment strategy using a combination between isometamedium and diminazene aceturate in East Sumba District might be more effective compared to using isometamedium alone.

Genetic variability of ESAG6/7 gene Trypanosoma evansi Dyah Haryuningtyas Sawitri; April H. Wardhana
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 22, No 1 (2017): MARCH 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Trypanosoma evansi as an agent of Surra is one of the crucial parasitic diseases that cause great economic losses in Indonesia. These parasites need iron for growth and propagation phase which is obtained by receptor-mediated uptake of host transferin. The transferrin receptors are encoded by Expression Site Associated Genees (ESAGs). ESAG6/7 encodes transferrin receptors which reported have different affinities of a different host. The distinction of T. evansi pathogenicity is supposed to cause variability in the ESAG6/7 gene. This research was aimed to investigate the variability of genes ESAG6/7 T. evansi with different virulence in mice. This research was conducted in two steps: bioassay pathogeneicity in mice and analysis of ESAG6/7 gene sequences. The median survival time of mice was investigated after each group of mice infected by 25 T. evansi isolates from buffaloes where its geographically differ. The test results showed a difference of pathogenic virulence on 25 T. evansi isolates in mice. Sequence analysis of the ESAG6/7 gene from 25 T. evansi isolates origin from Indonesia tended to be homogeneous on the transferrin binding site but there was variability in the hypervariable site. These changes are able to separate high and low virulence of the T. evansi isolates. Phylogenetic tree analysis was formed 11 clades of 25 T. evansi. High virulence T. evansi was included in clades 7 and 10, while low virulence T. evansi was included in clade 5 and 11 and the moderate virulence was divided into those four clades.

Molecular identification technique of Trypanosoma evansi by Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Dyah H. Sawitri; April H. Wardhana; H. Wibowo; M. Sadikin; Fitrine Ekawasti
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 20, No 4 (2015): DECEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Trypanosoma evansi is a Hemoflagella parasite that infects cattle and is known as the agents of Surra. Several other trypanosome species infects mammals: T. equiperdum, T. b. rhodesiense, T. b. gambiense, T. vivax, T. congolense, T.theileri. Some of these species is quite difficult to be distinguished morphologically with T. evansi through conventional techniques (thin blood smear). Molecular technique by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is reported to have the ability to identify, characterize and diagnose trypanosomes accurately. However, a single PCR used is relatively expensive because it takes at least two or more pairs of primers to determine T. evansi. The purpose of this study is to develop T. evansi species identification techniques by multiplex PCR/mPCR (the three pairs of primer in one reaction) that takes the relatively fast and inexpensive. A total of 31 isolates T.evansi were obtained from Bblitvet Culture Collection (BCC) and the Department of Parasitology BBLitvet used in this study. Isolates represent isolates from endemic areas and Surra outbrake isolated from 1988-2014. DNA extraction performed on each sample, including Bang 87 isolates which has been purified as a positive control. Primers used are specific for T. evansi, the ITS-1, Ro Tat 1.2 VSG and ESAG 6/7. Before running mPCR, each primer is optimized by using a single PCR. The results showed that the three primers can be combined in a single reaction with mPCR technique and amplify each DNA fragment target perfectly, so identified 31 isolates as T. evansi. This technique can be applied in the field with a lower cost and faster time.Key Words: Trypanosoma evansi, Identification, Multiplex PCR

Title

Found 3 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 3 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 3 Documents
Search