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Pengaruh Strength Reduction Tanah Clay-Shale Akibat Pelaksanaan Pemboran Terhadap Nilai Daya Dukung Pondasi Tiang di Jembatan Suramadu Berdasarkan Analisis Hasil Tes OC Irsyam, Masyhur; Sahadewa, Andhika; Boesono, Atyanto; Soebagyo, Soebagyo
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 14, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1248.062 KB)

Abstrak. Jembatan Suramadu yang akan menghubungkan kota Surabaya dengan Madura memiliki bentang total sepanjang 5.438 m. Mengingat lokasi pembangunan yang berada di laut dan beban rencana yang besar pada tiang pondasi, maka uji pembebanan statik konvensional tidak mungkin untuk dilakukan di jembatan utama. Alternatif tes pembebanan tiang yang dapat dilakukan adalah Tes OC yang mengikutiÂ prosedur Osterberg Cell Test. Tes ini dilengkapi dengan load cell, telltale, dan strain gauge sehingga dapat diperoleh kurva load-displacement untuk tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut pada berbagai kedalaman. Hasil penyelidikan tanah menunjukkan keberadaan lapisan tanah clay-shale yang mengandung montmorillonite pada lokasi tiang bor. Jenis tanah ini sensitif terhadap berkurangnya tegangan lateral akibat pemboran dan terhadap weathering process sehingga dapat terjadi strength reduction. Strength reduction tanah menyulitkan predikasi tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut pondasi tiang bor. Hasil Tes OC digunakan sebagai acuan dalam menentukan pengaruh strength reduction terhadap tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut dengan cara membandingkan hasil pengukuran dengan hasil prediksi berdasarkan korelasi empiris yang umum dipakai. Untuk tahanan ujung, hasil Tes OC menunjukkan harga yang relatif dekat dengan hasil prediksi sehingga strength reduction untuk tahanan ujung akibat pemboran relatif kecil selama kondisi dasar pondasi bersih. Sedangkan untuk tahanan selimut, hasil pengukuran nilainya jauh lebih kecil dibanding hasil prediksi. Untuk meningkatkan daya dukung, maka dilakukan grouting melalui ujung tiang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan grouting pada pondasi terjadi kenaikan nilai tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut. Dibandingkan dengan tahanan ujung, tahanan selimut memiliki peningkatan kekuatan yang lebih besar dan setelah dilakukan grouting nilainya mendekati nilai prediksi. Abstract. Suramadu Bridge, which will connect Surabaya and Madura, is designed to have 5,438 m total span. Considering bridge construction that is above sea and huge design load on its pile foundations, conventional static loading test can not be performed at the main bridge. Alternative pile load test that can be performed is OC Test, which followed Osterberg Cell Test procedure. Equipped with load cell, telltale, and strain gauge, this test can provide load-displacement curve of end bearing and skin friction at any depth. Soil investigation result shows existence of clay-shale layer, which contains montmorillonite, at bore pileâs location. This soil is sensitive to lateral pressure reduction caused by boring and weathering process so that strength reduction can occur. Strength reduction of soil makes end bearing and skin friction difficult to be predicted. Strength reduction effect toward end bearing and skin friction are determined by means of comparing OC Test result to prediction result based on common empirical correlation. For end bearing, OC Test result shows value that close to prediction resultâs. Therefore, strength reduction of end bearing caused by boring is relative small. On the other hand, skin friction measurement result shows that its value is much smaller than prediction resultâs. For increasing bearing capacity, grouting through the pile base was conducted. Test result shows increasing of value either end bearing and skin friction after grouting through the pile base. Compared to end bearingâs value, skin frictionâs value rise more and close to prediction value.

An Evaluation of Pile-Raft Interaction in Cohesive Soils using 3D Finite Element Method Susila, Endra; Syahputra, Muhammad Yoke; Sahadewa, Andhika; Putri, Karina Meilawati Eka
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 51, No 5 (2019)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

This paper presents the results of a numerical study of soil-structure interaction in a piled-raft foundation system in clay soil by reviewing the deformation and load transfer mechanism of the piled-raft foundation system. ABAQUS was used to evaluate the interaction in the system, while a Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model was chosen to model the clay soil. Verification of the model was conducted by comparing the simulation result to an experimental laboratory result. The verification result showed that the model used in this research agreed well with the experimental laboratory research. Subsequently, a parametric study was performed by varying the pile spacing, raft size, pile length, and raft thickness. A parametric study was conducted on very stiff and hard clays. This study concludes that the load transfer mechanism in a piled-raft foundation system between the pile and raft foundation occurs after the pile reaches its ultimate capacity and is in the plastic zone.

Parametric Study of One-Dimensional Seismic Site Response Analyses Based on Local Soil Condition of Jakarta Misliniyati, Rena; Sahadewa, Andhika; Hendriyawan, Hendriyawan; Irsyam, Masyhur
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 51, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Seismic site response analysis is used to estimate the response of soil deposits during seismic loading at any depth of interest and to interpret time histories as well as response spectra. This type of analysis involves many parameters that can affect the character of ground shaking. It is important to know the effect of these parameters in order to perform reliable seismic hazard evaluation at a site. This paper presents the effects of several parameters toward the characteristics of surface response spectra based on the local soil conditions of Jakarta using a one-dimensional (1-D) site response model with total stress approach. A parametric study was performed on two cohesive soil deposit profiles with a different site class, namely medium clay (site SD) and soft clay (site SE). The bedrock layers of both profiles were located at a depth of 300 m. In this study, the analytical methods implemented were the equivalent-linear method and the non-linear method. Several different dynamics soil models were also implemented. In addition, variation of property parameters, such as depth of bedrock, shear wave velocity of bedrock, layer thickness, etc., were studied. The results of this study indicate that all of the studied parameters have a significant effect on the response spectra at the ground surface.

Parametric Study of One-Dimensional Seismic Site Response Analyses Based on Local Soil Condition of Jakarta Rena Misliniyati; Andhika Sahadewa; Hendriyawan Hendriyawan; Masyhur Irsyam
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 51 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2019.51.3.7

Seismic site response analysis is used to estimate the response of soil deposits during seismic loading at any depth of interest and to interpret time histories as well as response spectra. This type of analysis involves many parameters that can affect the character of ground shaking. It is important to know the effect of these parameters in order to perform reliable seismic hazard evaluation at a site. This paper presents the effects of several parameters toward the characteristics of surface response spectra based on the local soil conditions of Jakarta using a one-dimensional (1-D) site response model with total stress approach. A parametric study was performed on two cohesive soil deposit profiles with a different site class, namely medium clay (site SD) and soft clay (site SE). The bedrock layers of both profiles were located at a depth of 300 m. In this study, the analytical methods implemented were the equivalent-linear method and the non-linear method. Several different dynamics soil models were also implemented. In addition, variation of property parameters, such as depth of bedrock, shear wave velocity of bedrock, layer thickness, etc., were studied. The results of this study indicate that all of the studied parameters have a significant effect on the response spectra at the ground surface.

An Evaluation of Pile-Raft Interaction in Cohesive Soils using 3D Finite Element Method Endra Susila; Muhammad Yoke Syahputra; Andhika Sahadewa; Karina Meilawati Eka Putri
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 51 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2019.51.5.5

This paper presents the results of a numerical study of soil-structure interaction in a piled-raft foundation system in clay soil by reviewing the deformation and load transfer mechanism of the piled-raft foundation system. ABAQUS was used to evaluate the interaction in the system, while a Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model was chosen to model the clay soil. Verification of the model was conducted by comparing the simulation result to an experimental laboratory result. The verification result showed that the model used in this research agreed well with the experimental laboratory research. Subsequently, a parametric study was performed by varying the pile spacing, raft size, pile length, and raft thickness. A parametric study was conducted on very stiff and hard clays. This study concludes that the load transfer mechanism in a piled-raft foundation system between the pile and raft foundation occurs after the pile reaches its ultimate capacity and is in the plastic zone.

Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Reconstituted Sand under Different Stress Paths in True Triaxial Tests Hasbullah Nawir; Bagus Eko Prasetyo; Andhika Sahadewa
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 52 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2020.52.6.10

To improve the geotechnical stress"“strain analysis, the stress"“strain behavior of geomaterial under general three-dimensional stress conditions prevailing in the field need to be captured. The true triaxial apparatus is an enhanced version of the conventional triaxial apparatus, which allows to simulate stresses by applying loadings independently in 3 orthogonal directions. This study evaluated the strength and deformation behavior of Bangka sand under true triaxial test conditions. The test specimens were prepared by means of the multi-sieve sand pluviation method. Various true triaxial test stress paths were applied under axial compression, lateral extension, axial extension, and lateral compression with the objective of understanding and developing the empirical correlation of coarse-grained soil strength parameters in axial compression stress paths related to other stress paths. The test results showed that an increase in the value of b, the parameter used to quantify the relative magnitude of the intermediate principal stress to the other principal stresses, resulted in an increase of the internal friction angle and a decrease of the peak stress ratio. In addition it was observed that the Lade-Duncan failure criterion fitted the results of this study better than other failure criteria, namely the extended von Mises, Mohr-Coulomb, and Matsuoka-Nakai failure criteria.

Pengaruh Strength Reduction Tanah Clay-Shale Akibat Pelaksanaan Pemboran Terhadap Nilai Daya Dukung Pondasi Tiang di Jembatan Suramadu Berdasarkan Analisis Hasil Tes OC Masyhur Irsyam; Andhika Sahadewa; Atyanto Boesono; Soebagyo Soebagyo
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 14 No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2007.14.2.1

Abstrak. Jembatan Suramadu yang akan menghubungkan kota Surabaya dengan Madura memiliki bentang total sepanjang 5.438 m. Mengingat lokasi pembangunan yang berada di laut dan beban rencana yang besar pada tiang pondasi, maka uji pembebanan statik konvensional tidak mungkin untuk dilakukan di jembatan utama. Alternatif tes pembebanan tiang yang dapat dilakukan adalah Tes OC yang mengikuti prosedur Osterberg Cell Test. Tes ini dilengkapi dengan load cell, telltale, dan strain gauge sehingga dapat diperoleh kurva load-displacement untuk tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut pada berbagai kedalaman. Hasil penyelidikan tanah menunjukkan keberadaan lapisan tanah clay-shale yang mengandung montmorillonite pada lokasi tiang bor. Jenis tanah ini sensitif terhadap berkurangnya tegangan lateral akibat pemboran dan terhadap weathering process sehingga dapat terjadi strength reduction. Strength reduction tanah menyulitkan predikasi tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut pondasi tiang bor. Hasil Tes OC digunakan sebagai acuan dalam menentukan pengaruh strength reduction terhadap tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut dengan cara membandingkan hasil pengukuran dengan hasil prediksi berdasarkan korelasi empiris yang umum dipakai. Untuk tahanan ujung, hasil Tes OC menunjukkan harga yang relatif dekat dengan hasil prediksi sehingga strength reduction untuk tahanan ujung akibat pemboran relatif kecil selama kondisi dasar pondasi bersih. Sedangkan untuk tahanan selimut, hasil pengukuran nilainya jauh lebih kecil dibanding hasil prediksi. Untuk meningkatkan daya dukung, maka dilakukan grouting melalui ujung tiang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan grouting pada pondasi terjadi kenaikan nilai tahanan ujung dan tahanan selimut. Dibandingkan dengan tahanan ujung, tahanan selimut memiliki peningkatan kekuatan yang lebih besar dan setelah dilakukan grouting nilainya mendekati nilai prediksi. Abstract. Suramadu Bridge, which will connect Surabaya and Madura, is designed to have 5,438 m total span. Considering bridge construction that is above sea and huge design load on its pile foundations, conventional static loading test can not be performed at the main bridge. Alternative pile load test that can be performed is OC Test, which followed Osterberg Cell Test procedure. Equipped with load cell, telltale, and strain gauge, this test can provide load-displacement curve of end bearing and skin friction at any depth. Soil investigation result shows existence of clay-shale layer, which contains montmorillonite, at bore pile's location. This soil is sensitive to lateral pressure reduction caused by boring and weathering process so that strength reduction can occur. Strength reduction of soil makes end bearing and skin friction difficult to be predicted. Strength reduction effect toward end bearing and skin friction are determined by means of comparing OC Test result to prediction result based on common empirical correlation. For end bearing, OC Test result shows value that close to prediction result's. Therefore, strength reduction of end bearing caused by boring is relative small. On the other hand, skin friction measurement result shows that its value is much smaller than prediction result's. For increasing bearing capacity, grouting through the pile base was conducted. Test result shows increasing of value either end bearing and skin friction after grouting through the pile base. Compared to end bearing's value, skin friction's value rise more and close to prediction value.

Dynamics Responses of a Block Machine Foundation and a Pile Group Foundation Systems on Stratified Residual Soils in Indonesia by Lumped Mass and Finite Element Methods Endra Susila; Wim Ramartsa Ary; Andhika Sahadewa; Karina Meilawati Eka Putri; Ediansjah Zulkifli; Kresno Wikan Sadono
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.2.6

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the dynamic responses of machine foundations, both block and pile foundations, on stratified residual soils in Duri and Ulubelu, Indonesia. The evaluation was conducted using two widely recognized methods: the lumped mass method (LMM) and the finite element method (FEM). LMM and FEM were performed by utilizing DYNA and ABAQUS, respectively. The analysis results showed that LMM generally predicted more conservative displacements compared to FEM. This conservatism in predicted displacement was more pronounced for pile group foundations, which are inherently more flexible than block foundations. Additionally, this study found that the resonance frequencies obtained through both analysis methods were not the same. Furthermore, this paper includes a parametric study and presents its results to assess the influence of key factors, i.e., pile cap thickness, pile diameter, number of piles, and vertical dynamic loads, on displacement.

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