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Prayitno Prayitno
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Pengaruh perbedaan jumlah penambahan binder uretan dan berbagai motif embossing terhadap kualitas kulit reject Emiliana Kasmudjiastuti; Prayitno Prayitno; Bidhari Pidhatika; Gresy Griyanitasari
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 32, No 1 (2016): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (217.967 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v32i1.958

Abstract

Rejected tanned leather is tanned lether product with damages of more than 30% of its total surface area, but can be improved by embossing. Embossing is the provision of patterns that influences the properties of articles and contributes to the closure of the defects on the surface of leather. This study aims to determine the influence of urethane binder and embossing motives to the quality of rejected leather for shoe upper applications. Variables investigated were urethane binder composition (100, 150, and 200 part in 1000 part of base coat) and embossing motives (crocodile, ostrich, shark fish, and milled motive). The quality of the leather was then tested in terms of organoleptic properties (feel, flexibility, visual appearance), mechanical properties (tear strength, tensile strength, elongation at break, rub fastness (dry, wet), adhesive strength of cover paint (dry, wet), and flexing resistance), physical properties (WVP and WVA), as well as morphology (SEM). The results showed that the addition of urethane binder and embossing patterns affect the quality of shoe upper leather, i.e. in general covering the leather defects and increasing the visual appearance (organoleptic properties), and changing the collagen network structure (based on SEM test). Visually preferred skin is skin with the addition of 200 parts of the urethane binder and crocodile patterned leather. 
Pengurangan nitrogen pada limbah cair terolah industri penyamakan kulit menggunakan sistem wetland buatan Prayitno Prayitno
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 30, No 2 (2014): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v30i2.129

Abstract

Recently constructed wetland have been widely used in wastewater treatment because of its low energy consumption and its simple operation. A research for removing nitrogen in the treated tannery wastewater by using constructed wetland have been conducted. Two unit of constructed wetland were used. Each unit was vegetated with Equisetum hyemale and Echinodorus palaefolius respectively. Both unit were then operated with subsurface flow system by varying the residence time at 3.125; 2.083; and 1.563 days. The results showed that the optimum effectiveness of nitrogen reduction were 83.67% with a residence time of 3.125 days and 70.29% with a residence time of 2.083 days for Equisetum hyemale and Echinodorus palaefolius respectively. Nitrogen reduction rate constant of 0.275 by using the formula of the USEPA was only suitable for wetland with Equisetum hyemale with R2 of 0.880.Keywords: constructed wetland, nitrogen removal, Equisetum hyemale, Echinodorus palaefolius.ABSTRAKSaat ini wetland buatan sangat luas digunakan untuk pengolahan limbah cair dikarenakan rendahnya energi yang diperlukan dan pengoperasiannya yang sederhana. Penelitian untuk penurunan kadar nitrogen limbah industri kulit terolah dengan menggunakan wetland buatan telah dilakukan. Penelitian dengan menggunakan dua unit wetland buatan dimana masing-masing ditanami dengan tumbuhan bambu air dan melati air. Kedua unit wetland buatan dioperasikan dengan sistem aliran di bawah permukaan dengan memvariasi waktu tinggal berturut-turut 3,125; 2,083; dan 1,563 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa efektifitas optimum penurunan nitrogen untuk unit wetland dengan tanaman bambu air adalah sebesar 83,67% dengan waktu tinggal 3,125 hari, sedangkan untuk melati air penurunan nitrogen optimum terjadi pada wetland dengan waktu tinggal 2,083 hari dengan efektifitas penurunan sebesar 70,29%. Konstanta kecepatan penurunan nitrogen sebesar 0,275 dengan menggunakan formula dari USEPA hanya sesuai untuk wetland dengan tumbuhan bambu air dengan R2 sebesar 0,880.Kata kunci: wetland buatan, pengurangan nitrogen, bambu air, melati air. 
Co-Authors Bidhari Pidhatika Emiliana Kasmudjiastuti Gresy Griyanitasari