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Penggunaan campuran kuning telur dan putih telur untuk peminyakan kulit Bambang Oetojo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 24 (1997): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to know whether a mixture of whole egg may be used for fatliquoring chrome tanned hide and skin. In this research it was used 14 pieces goat wet blue skin. They were sided into 2 parts along the back bone and then were neutralized so as to the pH 6.0 – 6.5. In fatliquoring process it was used a mixture of whole egg varied from 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0%. The float and the wet blue were visual investigated. The following processes were fixation, aging, sammying, drying, conditioning, staking, and tacking. The goat crust leathers output were visual investigated for the appearance, smothness, and softness. Whereas physical testing for the stretch of that one. Practical meaning of this research is, that, mixture of whole egg may be used for fatliquoring process. The crust leathers have clean grain surface, smooth and soft. The higher the use of a mixture of whole egg in fatliqyoring process, the higher the stretch. INTISARI Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah campuran kuning telur dan putih telur dapat digunakan untuk meminyaki kulit samak krom. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 14 lembar kulit krom basah kambing. Kulit dibelah menjadi 2 bagian menurut garis punggung dan kemudian dinetralisasi, sehingga pH-nya 6,0 – 6,5. Dalam proses peminyakan digunakan campuran kuning telur dan putih telur bervariasi dari 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%. Larutan dan kulit krom basah diamati secara indera. Proses selanjutnya adalah fiksasi, pemeraman, pemerahan, pengeringan, pelembaban, peregangan, dan pementangan. Kulit kras kambing dihasilkan diamati ssecara indera mengenai penampilan, kehalusan, dan kelemasan. Sedangkan uji fisis mengenai kemuluran kulit kras kambing. Arti praktis dari penelitian ini adalah, bahwa campuran kuning telur dan putih telur dapat digunakan untuk proses peminyakan. Kulit permukaan rajahnya bersih, halus dan lemas. Makin banyak campuran kuning telur dan putih telur yang digunakan dalam proses peminyakan, makin tinggi kemuluran kulit.

Mutu kulit glase dari kulit domba peranakan merino Bambang Oetojo; Muchtar Lutfi; Widari Widari; Hasan Basalamah
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 5, No 9 (1990): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

This research used four pieces of good quality merino descendent sheep skin and four pieces of good quality local sheep of glace leather produced from merino descendent sheep skin to that one from local sheep skin. Either merino descendent sheep skins or the local ones were processed into glase leather through the ordinary tanning method. Glace leather output from this research were visual investigated and physical tested. Statistical analysys points out that there is unsignify difference (P ≼ 0,05) the influence of the species either it is merino and the stretch of glaze leather. It is also unsignify difference (P ≼ 0,05) the influence of the species either it is merino descendent sheep skin or the local one to the quality of glaze leather.Pratical meaning of this research is that merino descendent sheep skin may be tanned into glaze leather having same quality to that one from local sheep skins.

Teknologi penyamakan kulit wet blue buaya Bambang Oetojo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 8, No 14 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

For this study it was used 12 pieces of grain salted crocodile skin of 11 up to 14 inch width. All of the crocodile skin were process up to pickling with the same way. Furthermore pickled crocodile skins were process up to pickling with the same way. Furthermore pickled crocodile skins and was done twice. The wet blue output from the research was visual investigated for the coulor using staning scale method. For comparition it was used pickled crocodile skins. Statistical analysis pints out that there is unsignify difference (P<0.05) the influence of the used of basic chrome sulphate to the colour of wet blue crocodile skins. Practical meaning of the research is, for tanning of crocodile skins to the wet blue, it is used 1.5% basic chromium sulphate. INTISARI Untuk penelitian ini menggunakan 12 lembar kulit buaya yang diawet garam dengan lebar 11 sampai dengan 14 inci. Semua kulit buaya diproses sampai dengan pengasaman dengan cara yang sama. Selanjutnya kulit buaya yang telah diasamkan disamak menjadi “wet blue” menggunakan krom sulfat basa yang bervariasi dari 1,5%; 2,0% dan 2,5%. Setiap perlakuan menggunakan dua lembar kulit buaya yang dikerjakan dua kali. Kulit “wet blue” yang dihasilkan dari penelitian diamati secara visual mengenai warnanya menggunakan metode “staining scale”. Sebagai pembanding digunakan kulit buaya yang diasamkan. Analisa statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada beda nyata (P ≤ 0,05) pengaruh penggunaan krom sulfat basa terhadap warna kulit “wet blue” buaya. Arti praktis penelitian ini adalah untuk menyamak kulit buaya menjadi kulit “wet blue” digunakan 1,5% krom sulfat basa.

Pengaruh penggunaan putih telur dan gelatin terhadap ketahanan gosok cat tutup Bambang Oetojo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 23 (1997): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The aim of this study is to know the influence of the use of egg albumen and gelatin as a film forming or as a binder in making a finish to the rubfastness. For making a finish it was also needed Turkish Red Oil as a softener, direct dye as a colour and water as a solvent. In this research it was used 9 pieces of goat crust leather. They were then sided into 2 parts along the back bone. Part of them were coated on the grain with a finish made from 3% egg albumen, 1% direct dye, 0,5% Turkish Red Oil and 95.5% water. The other crusts were coated on the grain with a finish made from 3% gelatine, 1% direct dye, 0,5% Turkish Red Oil and 95.5% water. The films of the finishes were sprayed with formalin solution of 10% to be fixed, then they were dried and glazed. Furher the films of the finishes were tested for the rubfasteness using crock metre apparatus. Partical meaning of this research is, using 3% gelatin as film forming or as a binder for making a finish, the value of the rubfasness is higher than using 3% egg albumen. INTISARI Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan putih telur dan gelatin sebagai bahan pembentuk film atau sebagai bahan perekat dalam membuat cat tutup, terhadap ketahanan gosok. Untuk membuat cat tutup diperlukan pula Turkish Red Oil sebagai bahan pelemas, cat direct sebagai pewarna dan air sebagai pelarut. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 9 lembar kulit kras kambing Kulit kras tersebut kemudian dibelah menjadi 2 bagian menurut garis punggung. Sebagai kulit kras dicat pada bagian rajah dengan suatu larutan yang dibuat dari 3% putih telur, 1% cat direct, 0,5% Turkish Red Oil dan 95,5% air. Kulit kras yang lain dicat pada bagian rajah dengan suatu larutan yang dibuat dari 3% gelatin, 1% cat direct, 0,5% Turkish Red Oil dan 95,5% air. Film cat tutup tersebut disemprot dengan larutan formalin 10% agar menjadi kuat, kemudian dikeringkan dan dikilapkan. Selanjutnya film cat tutup diuji mengenai ketahanan gosok, menggunakan alat uji ketahanan gosok. Arti praktis dari penelitian ini adalah, menggunakan 3% gelatin sebagai bahan pembentuk film atau bahan perekat untuk membuat cat tutup nilai ketahanan gosok lebih tinggi dari pada menggunakan 3% putih telur.

Mutu kulit jaket dari kulit domba peranakan merino Bambang Oetojo; Muchtar Lutfi; Widari Widari; Hasan Basalamah
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 5, No 9 (1990): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

To compare the quality of jacket leather output from merino descendent sheep skin to that one yield from local sheep skin is the purpose of this research. For this comparative research it was used four pieces of good quality merino descendent sheep skin and four pieces of good quality local sheep skin. Through the ordinary tanning method, all of the skins, either merino descendent sheep skins or the local one were process into jacket leather. Further more the jacket leathers output from this research were visual investigeted and physical tested. Statistical analysis points out that there is unsignify difference (P ≼ 0,05) the influence of the spesies either it is merino descendent sheep skin or the local one to the tensile strenght and the stretch of jacket leather. It is also unsignify difference (P ≼ 0,05) the influence of the spesies either it is merino descendent sheep skin or the local one to the quality of jacket leather.Practical meaning of this research is that merino descendent sheep skin may be tanned into jacket leather having same quality to that one from local sheep skin.

Pengaruh penggunaan pankreas sapi awetan terhadap sifat-sifat fisik kulit kambing kras Bambang Oetojo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 2, No 3-4 (1986): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Penelitian ini menggunakan “Randomozed Complete Block Design” dengan factorial 4 x 4 dan memerlukan delapan lembar kulit kambing garaman yang kwalitasnya sama. Semua kulit dibelah menjadi dua menurut garis punggung dan mengalami perlakuan yang sama mulai dari proses perendaman sampai dengan penyelesaian. Hanya dalam proses bating digunakan pankreas sapi awetan sebanyak 0,6 ; 1,2 ; 1,8 dan 2,4 persen dan waktu 5, 10, 15 dan 20 menit. Kulit kras diuji kekuatan tarik dan kemulurannya pada bagian-bagian leher, perut dan krupon.Analisa statistika menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan kekuatan tarik karena letak/daerah yang berbeda (krupon, perut dan leher) ternyata sangat nyata (P < 0.01). Pengaruh waktu bating berbeda nyata (P < 0.05) pada kekuatan tarik, sedang pada kemulurannya berbeda sangat nyata (P < 0.01). Pengaruh konsentrasi penggunaan pankreas sapi awetan berbeda sangat nyata (P < 0.01) baik terhadap kekuatan tarik maupun kemuluran daerah krupon.Arti praktis penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan kekuatan tarik dan kemuluran yang memenuhi standar, maka dapat dianjurkan penggunaan pankreas sapi awetan minimum 1,2% dan maksimum 1,8% dengan waktu antara 10 – 15 menit (masing-masing kekuatan tariknya 193,88 dan 234,98 kg/cm2 dan kemulurannya 58,83 dan 59,43%).

Penyamaan kulit ular air warna natural Bambang Oetojo; Widhiati Widhiati; Hasan Basalamah
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 3, No 6 (1988): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The porpose of this research was to get natural colour and good quality of snake leather. In pretanning process used Chromoduol G with the Cr2 O3 concentration varied from 0,5 %; 1,0% and 1,5 %. Whereas in tanning process used Irgatan LV varied from 20 % , 25 % ,30 %. Furthermore the snake leather output were visual examined for the color and the quality. Statistical analysis reveals that there is unsignify difference (P ≤0,05) the influence or the use of of Irgatan LV and interaction between Cr2 O3 with Irgatan LV towards the colour and the quality of the snake leather. But there is signify difference (P≤ 0,01) the influence of the use of Cr2O3 towards the colour and the quality of the snake leather. The conclusion of this research is that the use Cr2 O3 of 0,5% and Irgatan LV 25% yield high value for colour and for the quality of the snake leather.This experiments use complete Randomized Design, with 81 pieses of good quality of dried – cured snake skin.

Penggunaan gelatine untuk finishing kulit Bambang Oetojo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 22 (1996): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Gelatine may be used as a film forming or as a binder on glazed finishing method. The purpose of this research is, therefore, to know the appropriate amount of gelatine which is used on finishing to give a satisfactory effect. For this research it was used 9 pieces of crust goat skin. The crusts were then finish varying from 1 percent, 2 percent and 3 percent. It was used Turkish Red Oil in amount of 0,5 percent. Total solution of the finish should be 100 percent by adding amount of water. In this case water is as a solvent. The crusts were then pad coated, spray coated and top coated with the finish which had been prepared before and were fixed with 10 percent of formalin solution and were glazed. Further more they were tested for the rub fastness using crock metre apparatus. Practical meaning of this research is, the use of gelatine as much as 3 percent in making a finish will give a good. ABSTRAK Gelatine dapat pula digunakan sebagai bahan pembentuk film atau bahan perekat, pada proses penyempurnaan kulit dengan cara dikilapkan. Oleh karena itu, maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jumlah yang sesuai dari gelatin untuk membuat larutan cat tutup pada proses penyempurnaan, agar memberi hasil yang memuaskan. Dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini digunakan Sembilan lembar kulit kras dari kambing. Kulit kras kambing kemudian dibelah menjadi dua bagian menurut garis punggung. Gelatin yang digunakan untuk membuat larutan cat tutup bervariasi dari satu persen, dua persen dan tiga persen. Digunakan cat direct sebesar satu persen sebagai pewarna. Sebagai pelemas digunakan Turkish Red Oil dalam jumlah sebesar setengah persen. Jumlah larutan cat tutup seluruhnya adalah seratus persen dengan jalan menambahkan air. Dalam hal ini air adalah sebagai bahan pelarut. Kemudian kulit kras kambing diulas dengan larutan cat tutup, disemprot dengan larutan pelapis penutup atas yang telah disediakan sebelumnya. Kemudian kulit disemprot dengan formalin sepuluh persen dan setelah kering dikilapkan dengan mesin. Selanjutnya kulit hasil penelitian diuji mengenai ketahanan gosok cat menggunakan alat crock metre. Arti praktis dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa, penggunaan gelatin sebesar 3 persen pada pembuatan larutan cat tutup, menghasilkan ketahanan gosok cat tutup yang baik.

Penyamakan kulit lapis samak kombinasi dengan bahan penyamak alumunium sebagai bahan penyamak pendahuluan Bambang Oetojo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 2, No 5 (1987): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

As a tanning material alum salt has similar properties of the basic chromium sulphate. It is, therefore, the purpose of this research is to exchange chromium tannage with alum tannage in pretanning for the vegetable tanned lining leather. In doing such a way the chromium pollution may be eliminated, whereas the alum pretanned lining leather output must be fulfill the physical and chemical requirements as that one of the chrome pretanned. In pretanning the use of alum tannage varied from 2,5%, 3,0%, 3,5% and 4,0%. Afterwards the subsequent process was vegetable tanning using 30% of mimosa powder. The lining leather output from the research was physical and chemical tested. The practical meaning of this research is that for pretanning the vegetable tanned lining leather it is possible to use 2,5% alum salt. The values of the physical and chemical test obtained are that the degree of tannage is 94,54, tensile strength is 174,24 kg/cm2, and strength is 22%. Water absorption for 2 hours is 133,01% and for 24 hours is 134,48%. Whereas the flexural endurance is unbreak condition.

Mutu kulit chamois dari kulit domba peranakan merino Bambang Oetojo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 7, No 12-13 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to compare the quality of chamois leather output from merino descendent to that one from local sheep skin. In the actualization it was used four pieces of merino descendent sheep skin and four pieces of local sheep skin. The skins was processed into chamois leather. Chamois leathers output from this research, either from merino descendent sheep skin or local sheep skin were visually investigated. Statistical analysis points out that there is unsignify difference (P ≤ 0,05) the influence of the species either it is merino descendent sheep skin or local one to the quality of chamois leather. Practical meaning of this research is that merino descendent sheep skin may be tanned into chamois leather having some quality to that one from local sheep skin.

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