Edi Suryanto
Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado, Kampus Unsrat Bahu Manado 95115

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Mekanisme dan Kinetika Quenching Oksigen Singlet dari Senyawa Fenolik Daun Cengkeh Terhadap Fotoksidasi yang Disensitasi oleh Eritrosin Edi Suryanto; Johnly A Rorong; Dewa Gede Katja
agriTECH Vol 32, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (269.698 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9620

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to isolate phenolic compound of clove leaves and to study the mechanism and kinetic of singlet oxygen quenching. Clove leaves was extracted by steam distillation using water for 6 hours. Crude clove leaves oil was purifi ed by distillation under reduced pressure. Isolated fractions were determined its structure by infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. The effects of 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm isolated compound on the photooxidation of linoleic acid (0,03M) containing 15 ppm erythrosine in ethanol were studied by measuring peroxide value of the oil. The quenching mechanism and kinetics of eugenol were studied by the steady-state kinetic method. Samples of 0; 0,06 x 10-4; 0,12 x 10-4; 0,24 x 10-4 dan 0,48x 10-4 mM eugenol prepared in water contained 0; 17,05 x10-4; 34,10 x 10-4; 68,19 x 10-4 and 136,39 x 10-4 mM of erythrosine stored under fl uorescent light (4000 lux) at room temperature for 15 hours. The result indicated that eugenol content of clove oil, F1, F2, F3 and F4 were 49.68; 54.32; 87.16 and 73.65%, respectively. The structure of F3 was identifi ed by IR spectrometry which shows strong absorption at 3448 cm-1 indicating hydroxyl group from the phenolic compound and the 1H NMR spectra showed that the number of proton ring was 3 hydrogen while the mass spectrometry showed the molecular ion peak at m/e = 164 as base peak and the absence of peak at (M-41)+ as the indicator of eugenol. The result showed that eugenol had antiphotooxidation activity on erythrosine sensitized photooxidation of oil. The mechanism of singlet oxygen quenching on erythrosine photodegradation showed that eugenol only quenched singlet oxygen. The total quenching rate constant of eugenol was 4,42 x 108/M/s.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa fenolik dalam daun cengkeh dan mempelajari mekanisme dan kinetika quenching oksigen singlet. Daun cengkeh diekstraksi dengan cara destilasi uap menggunakan air selama 6 jam. Minyak daun cengkeh kasar selanjutnya dimurnikan dengan destilasi pengurangan tekanan. Fraksi-fraksi yang terisolasi ditentukan strukturnya dengan metoda infra merah (IR), resonansi magnetik inti (1H NMR), dan spectrometer massa (MS). Efek 0, 500, 1000 dan 1500 ppm eugenol terhadap fotooksidasi asam linoleat (0,03M) yang mengandung 15 ppm eritrosin dalam etanol dipelajari dengan mengukur angka peroksida minyak. Mekanisme dan kinetika quenching oleh eugenol dipelajari dengan metode steady-state. Sampel 0; 0,06 x 10-4; 0,12 x 10-4; 0,24 x 10-4 dan 0,48x 10-4 mM eugenol dipersiapkan dalam pelarut air yang juga mengandung 0; 17,05 x10-4; 34,10 x 10-4; 68,19 x 10-4 dan 136,39 x 10-4 mM eritrosin yang disinari oleh cahaya fl uoresen (4000 lux) pada suhu kamar selama 15 jam. Hasil analisis kandungan eugenol dari minyak cengkeh, F1, F2, F3 dan F4 berturut-turut adalah 49,68; 54,32; 87,16 dan 73,65%. Kebenaran struktur F3 diidentifi kasi dengan spektrometer IR pada serapan kuat 3448 cm-1 yang menunjukkan adanya gugus hidroksil dari senyawa fenolik sedangkan pada 1H NMR menunjukkan jumlah proton pada cincin aromatic menjadi 3 atom H dan spektrometer massa menunjukkan m/e = 164 sebagai puncak tertinggi dan tidak muncul puncak (M-14)+ sebagai petunjuk adanya eugenol. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa eugenol memiliki aktivitas antifotooksidatif terhadap fotooksidasi asam linoleat yang disensitasi oleh eritrosin. Mekanisme quenching oksigen singlet terhadap fotodegrasi eritrosin oleh eugenol menunjukkan bahwa eugenol hanya menstabilkan oksigen singlet. Konstanta laju quenching oksigen singlet total oleh eugenol adalah 4,42 x 108/M/s.
Potensi Senyawa Polifenol Antioksidan dari Pisang Goroho (Musa sapien sp.) Edi Suryanto; Lidya Irma Momuat; Mercy Taroreh; Frenly Wehantouw
agriTECH Vol 31, No 4 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (166.502 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9636

Abstract

Goroho banana is food material that has positive content effect on human body. The aims of this research were toanalyze polyphenolic content and to examine antioxidant activity of goroho. Polyphenolic antioxidant of goroho was extracted using methanol, ethanol and acetone for 2 hours at room temperature. Furthermore. extract was analyzed polyphenol content, such as total phenolic, total flavonoidand condensed tannin content. To examine antioxidant activity, free radical DPPH scavenging and total antioxidant (FRAP) were used by spectrophotometer analysis. Beside that, the best extract was evaluated its heat stability at 1000C for 15, 30, 45, 60 and 120 minutes.The highest total phenolic content was in acetone extract 181.87 mg/kg sample, total flavonoid content 4.75 mg/ kg sample in ethanol extract and condensed tannin 54.63 mg/kg sample in aceton extract. Acetone extract of goroho show the highest free radical scavenging activity (94.32%) compare to ethanol extract (85.39 %) and methanol extract (76.38 %). Although examination of total antioxidant (FRAP) on aceton extract of goroho showed the highest content than methanol and ethanol extract. Total antioxidant  from acetone, methanol and ethanol extract were 1.83; 1.74; and1.74 μmol/L. This examination resulted that at 1000C there are alterations in phenolic content, free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant after heating 120 minutes, although this three parameters alteration did not show extremedecreasing after 60 minute heating, because it still possess high activity, more than 80%. This result indicate goroho extract stability on heating depend on heating time. This results concluded that goroho possess to phenolic, flavonoid and tannin, also antioxidant activity.ABSTRAKPisang goroho merupakan bahan makanan yang memiliki efek positif bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenganalisis kandungan senyawa polifenol dan menguji aktivitas antioksidan pisang goroho. Ekstraksi senyawa polifenol antioksidan dari pisang goroho menggunakan pelarut metanol, etanol dan aseton selama 2 jam pada suhu kamar. Selanjutnya  masing-masing  ekstrak  dianalisa  kandungan  senyawa polifenol  yang  meliputi  total  fenolik, flavonoid dan tannin terkondensasi.Untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan diuji berdasarkan kemampuan menangkal radikal bebas DPPH dan kandungan total antioksidan ekstrak menggunakan spektrofotometer. Selain itu, ekstrak terbaik pisang goroho juga dievaluasi stabilitasnya terhadap panas pada suhu 100oC selama 15, 30, 45, 60 dan 120 menit. Hasil analisis kandungan total fenolik tertinggi terdapat pada ekstrak aseton sebesar 181,87 mg/kg sampel, kandungan total flavonoid sebesar 4,75 mg/kg sampel terdapat pada ekstrak etanol dan kandungan tannin terkondensasi sebesar54,63 mg/kg sampel terdapat pada ekstrak aseton. Ekstrak asetonpisang goroho memiliki aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas tertinggi (94,32%) dibandingkan ekstrak etanol(85,39%) dan metanol (76,38%). Sedangkan pada penentuan total antioksidan ekstrak aseton buah pisang goroho memiliki total antioksidan tertinggi dibandingkan ekstrak metanol dan etanol. Kandungan total antioksidan dari ekstrak aseton, metanol dan etanol berturut-turut adalah 1,83; 1,74; dan 1,74 mmol/100 g. Hasil pengujian stabilitaspada pemanasan 100oC memperlihatkan perubahan kandungan total fenolik, aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas dan total antioksidan selama 120 menit. Akan tetapi, perubahan ketiga pengujian ini tidak menunjukkan penurunan yang tajam selama 60 menit pemanasanyang masih memperlihatkan aktivitas lebih besar 80%. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa stabilitas ekstrak pisang goroho terhadap panas sangat tergantung pada lamanya pemanasan. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pisang goroho mengandung senyawa fenolik, flavonoid dan tannin serta memiliki aktivitas antioksidan.
Isolasi dan Aktivitas Penstabil Oksigen Singlet Fraksi Fenolik dari Ekstrak Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) Edi Suryanto; Sri Raharjo; Hardjono Sastrohamidjojo; Tranggono Tranggono
agriTECH Vol 28, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1650.327 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9772

Abstract

The objectives of this study was to isolate the different phenolic fractions present in andaliman extract and to determinetheir singlet oxygen quenching activities. Andaliman fruit was sequentially extracted with hexane, acetone and ethanol (1:5) for 24 hours, respectively. The extracts of andaliman fruit were further separated by gradient elution methods with column chromatography, using ethyl acetate­methanol as mobile phase and silica gel G­60 as stationary phase. Singlet oxygen quenching activities was examined using linoleic acid as substrates each containing 100 ppm eryth- rosine as a photosensitizer. The active fractions were characterized by IR and UV spectrometry techniques. Fraction II was discovered having properties as quencher of singlet oxygen effectively as well as fraction III. The quenching effect of fractions II and III were much higher than that of α­tocopherol (p<0.05). The fraction II was identified by IR spec- trometry, and the sample showed that strongest absorption at 3356 cm-1  indicating hydroxyl group from the phenolic compounds and the UV spectra showed that data of active fractions indicated an absorption maximum were 204, 221 and 272 nm, respectively. The conclusion was that fractions component of andaliman extract showing singlet oxygen quenching activity was a component having phenolic group.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi perbedaan fraksi fenolik yang terdapat pada ekstrak andaliman dan menentukan aktivitas penstabilan oksigen singlet. Buah andaliman diekstraksi secara berturut­turut dengan heksana, aseton dan etanol (1:5) selama 24 jam. Ekstrak buah andaliman selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan metode elusi gradien dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan etil asetat­metanol sebagai fasa gerak dan silika gel G­60 sebagai fasa diam. Aktivitas penstabilan oksigen singlet diuji menggunakan asam linoleat sebagai substrat yang mengandung 100 ppm eritrosin sebagai fotosensitiser. Fraksi aktif dikarakterisasi dengan teknik spektrometer IR dan UV. Fraksi II dite- mukan memiliki sifat­sifat sebagai penstabil oksigen singlet yang sama efektifnya dengan fraksi III. Efek penstabilan fraksi II dan III lebih tinggi daripada α­tokoferol (p<0,05). Fraksi II diidentifikasi dengan spektrometer IR dan sampel menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penyerapan yang sangat kuat pada 3356 cm-1  yang mengindikasikan adanya gugus hi- droksil dari senyawa fenolik sedangkan spektra UV menunjukkan data fraksi aktif mengindikasikan adanya serapan maksimum berturut­turut adalah 204, 221 dan 272 nm. Kesimpulannya adalah komponen fraksi ekstrak andaliman menunjukkan aktivitas penstabilan oksigen merupakan komponen yang memiliki gugus fenolik.
Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Stabilitas Ekstrak Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) Terhadap Panas, Cahaya Fluoresen dan Ultraviolet Edi Suryanto; Sri Raharjo; Hardjono Sastrohamidjojo; Tranggono Tranggono
agriTECH Vol 25, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1812.1 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.13355

Abstract

Andaliman fruit is seasoning commonly used in traditional food preparation of North Sumatera. The objectives of this study were to determine the antioxidant stability of andaliman extract on high temperature fluoresence and ultraviolet high exposures. Andaliman fruit was sequentially extracted with hexane, acetone and ethanol. Antioxidant activity of each extracts at 50-500 ppm level are evaluated in 1,1-dipheny1- 2-picodhydrazyl (DPPH) radical 'decoloration test. The third extract was evaluated on heating at Iwo high temperature exposures were conducted on the third extract: storage at 100°C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 minute and storage at 100, 120, 140 and 180.c for 60 minutes. The treatment of light exposure were under 4000 lux fluoresen light and ultraviolet C (200-280 nm) light for 5 hours. The effect of ethanol extract (ESHAE) and acetone extract (ESHA) extract showed the highest scavenging activity in 1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, followed acetone and hexane extract. BHT and atocopherol as positive control had weaker radical scavenging activity in DPPH system. Ethanol extract (ESHAE) extract at 200 ppm was significantly possessed high stability on heating at 100°C, fluoresent and ultraviolet, whereas hexane extract (EH) was low antioxidative efect. The addition of ethanol extract (EHSAE) at different concentration exhibited excellent reduction power more than acetone extract (ESHA) and hexane extract (EH). Ethanol extract (ESHAE) at concentration 500 ppm showed equal with 200 ppm BHT and rutin, but more than a-tocopherol. It is concluded that the ESHA and ESHAE extract of andaliman fruit showing stability on heating a! /00°C for 60 minutes, fluoresent and ultraviolet light light during 5 hours
Isolasi dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Fraksi dari Ekstrak Tongkol Jagung Edi Suryanto; Lidya Irma Momuat
agriTECH Vol 37, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (820.084 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.27537

Abstract

The corn cob is one of the food waste-material having phytochemical component that of health benefit. The objectives of the research were to isolate phenolic fractions of the corn cob extract and to determine antioxidant and antiphotooxidant activities. The corn cob was extracted with reflux method using ethanol 80% for 2 hours. After that the extracts were filtered and the filtrates were combined and concentrated on rotary evaporator. This crude ethanolic extract was suspended in water and extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water, respectively. The best fractions of partition fractionated with colomn chromatography using silica gel 60 and n-hexane: ethyl acetate (4:6). Corncob extract and fraction were evaluated for total phenolic content free radical scavenging activity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical assay) and total antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing ability of plasma assay). The results of total phenolic content showed that ethyl acetate fraction (163.57 μg/mL) has higher phenolic content than butanol fraction (83.30 μg/mL), ethanol extract (81.53 μg/mL), water fraction (23.71 μg/mL) and petroleum ether fraction (23.57 μg/mL). The results also showed that ethyl acetate fraction has highest free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity than butanol fraction, ethanol extract, water fraction and petroleum ether fraction. The free radical scavenging activity of fractions II and III exhibited strongest activity than fraction V, I, IV and VI. The results also showed that fraction II has highest total antioxidant capacity than I, III, IV, VI, and V. The results suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction and fraction II contains phenolic compounds which possess antioxidant activities. ABSTRAKTongkol jagung merupakan salah satu limbah tanaman pangan yang mempunyai kandungan fitokimia yang bermanfaat untuk kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi fraksi fenolik dari ekstrak tongkol jagung dan menentukan aktivitas antioksidan. Tongkol jagung diekstraksi dengan cara refluk menggunakan etanol 80% selama 2 jam. Setelah itu disaring dan filtratnya diuapkan dengan rotary evaporator. Ekstrak etanol disuspensikan dalam air dan diekstraksi berturut turut dengan petroleum eter, etil asetat, butanol, dan air. Fraksi pelarut terbaik difraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan silika gel 60 dan eluen n-heksana : etil asetat (4:6). Ekstrak tongkol jagung dan fraksi dievaluasi kandungan total fenolik, aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas (uji 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) dan kapasitas total antioksidan (uji ferric reducing ability of plasma). Hasil uji kandungan total fenolik menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat (163,57 μg/mL) memiliki kandungan total fenolik yang paling tinggi daripada fraksi butanol (83,30 μg/mL), ekstrak etanol (81,53 μg/mL), fraksi air (23,71 μg/mL) dan fraksi petroleum eter (23,57 μg/mL). Hasil ini juga menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat mempunyai aktivitas penangkal radikal dan kapasitas total antioksidan paling tinggi daripada fraksi butanol, ekstrak etanol, fraksi air, dan fraksi petroleum eter. Aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas fraksi II dan III memperlihatkan paling kuat daripada fraksi V, I, IV dan VI. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi II mengandung senyawa fenolik yang mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan kuat.
Potensi Antioksidan Beras Analog Dari Sagu Baruk (Arenga microcarpa) dan Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomea batatas L. Poiret) Frenly Wehantouw; Almawaty Kaemba; Edi Suryanto; Christine F. Mamuaja
Agritechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2019): Edisi Juni
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Papua, Manokwari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51310/agritechnology.v2i1.22

Abstract

Beras analog merupakan tiruan dari beras yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan seperti umbi-umbian dan serealia yang bentuk maupun komposisi gizinya mirip seperti beras. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis senyawa dan aktivitas antioksidan dari beras analog sagu baruk dan ubi jalar ungu. Senyawa antioksidan yang diuji yaitu total fenolik, sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan yaitu aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas yang diuji secara spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beras analog mengandung total fenolik tertinggi pada F1 (Tepung sagu baruk dan tepung ubi jalar ungu dengan konsentrasi 50%) yaitu sebesar 43,16 mg/mL sampel dan memiliki aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas sebesar 93,92%. Kandungan total fenolik berkorelasi dengan aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas dengan nilai koefisien korelasi r = 0,983. Beras analog dari sagu baruk dan ubi jalar ungu berpotensi sebagai antioksidan.