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Explaining A Narrative in The Critical Philosophy of History Akhyat, Arif
Jurnal Filsafat "WISDOM" Vol 29, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Filsafat, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta

This paper explains the narrative in the study of history which has only been understood as a way of telling what should have happened, not what really happened. Narrative as a philosophical thought will be able to reveal not only the factual side but also the actual side. As a philosophical thought, the narrative should be able to provide a new understanding that narration is not just telling (history as a story), but also how can narration be used to explain the historical actuality? Through a new understanding of narrative, history actually as science becomes parallel to other sciences as philosophy. Historical narratives then present "stories" to "facts explained". Thus, history is present and humane because it is always actual. History as a narrative, thus not only makes history a discourse with a dissertation of evidence but also history as a way of abstracting objects in factual thinking.Â

Weber’s Ideal Type and the Indonesian Historical Writing Akhyat, Arif
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 32, No 1 (2022): Local Figure and Local History
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i1.32171

This paper explains subject–object relations in Max Weber's idealist-structural concept. A sociologist and philosopher of history, Weber argued that social change cannot be separated from structural and dialectic thought as well as the ideal type behind its structural creations. Examining various historical cases offers a perspective on objectivity and subjectivity. Subject– object relations create dialectical relationships that reconstruct knowledge and awareness of historical reality. Historical reality, thus, is the final step in the creation of knowledge that comes from the subject. The paper seeks to understand how Weber's concept of ideal type has influenced historical philosophy in general and Indonesian historiography in particular. This article concludes that historians no longer simply describe and explain facts, but also provide alternative "new constructions": ethical, moral, and superstructural values that determine historical patterns and trends.Tulisan ini menjelaskan relasi subjek-objek dalam konsep structural-idealisme Weber. Sebagai sosiolog dan filsuf sejarah, Weber berargumentasi bahwa perubahan social terjadi sebagai akibat hubungan struktur dan proses-proses dialektik sebagai bentuk idealisme dibalik semua proses social yang terjadi. Relasi subjektivitas dan objektivitas membentuk struktur dialektik yang kemudian memunculkan pengetahuan tentang apa yang disebut realitas sejarah. Realitas sejarah dengan demikian merupakan proses pengetahuan yang dibentuk dari relasi subjektivitas-objektivitas. Tulisan ini menjelaskan bagaimana konsep Ideal Weber itu dipahami dan pengaruhnya terhadap penulisan sejarah Indonesia? Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa sejarawan Indonesia, langsung atau tidak langsung, menggunakan konsep ideal Weber dalam karyanya yang tidak hanya berbicara deskripsi dan narasi dalam menjelaskan sejarah, namun ada konstruksi baru pengaruh nilai-nilai, etika dan suprastruktur yang kuat dan menjadi cara menentukan pola dan kecendrungan sejarah.Cite this article: Akyat, A. (2022). Weber’s Ideal Type and the Indonesian Historical Writing. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 86-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.32171

DUALISME EKONOMI PADA KREDIT RAKYAT DI YOGYAKARTA PADA TAHUN 1912-1990 Arif Akhyat
Humaniora Vol 27, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The development of capitalism idea during the colonial prior to the New Order periods need a broader understanding of an historical analysis of popular credit case in Yogyakarta 1912-1990. The establishment of bank in Yogyakarta was already accomplished in the sense that it was owned and managed by state and it sell a large proportion of credit products on the open of financial system in villages. Using the historical critical method, this research seems to be the most appropriate for obtaining meaningful information on descriptions, dynamics, changes and tendencies of the functional relationship between credit systems, state authority and the process of economic transformation in the region of Yogyakarta. Designing with the capitalism system, government credit system was not able to increase a village economy position in Yogyakarta. Popular Credit in the years of 1912-1990 as this research mentioned, is far from what villagers need. Banking system, in practices, was designed to create and produce a subsisten economy. The dual economy experiences of popular credit in Yogyakarta historically had given the state to be the hegemony holder. Popular credit is no more or less as the construct of economic boundaries under the concept of colonialism

The End of Peasantry: Peasants and Cities in Colonial Java in The Early Twentieth Century Arif Akhyat
Humaniora Vol 32, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

This paper aims to explain the decline of the peasant community in Semarang City, Central Java, by exploring the historical shifts in the city's spatial structures and livelihoods. Spatial changes and the issue of subsistence ethics simultaneously will be used to explain the peasant community’s exclusion in the city. In the early of modernization Semarang, peasant economy collapsed by deagrarianization process and creating patterns of domestication, adaptation, and marginalization. This adaptation was necessary to reaffirm longstanding communal bonds that had contributed significantly to the city's historical growth. At the same time, however, the urban peasant community was excluded, as agrarian subsistence ethics required it to remain subordinate, while the city's new economic system limited or failed their social mobility. As a result, the peasant community was increasingly left behind by the city's social transformation. Discussing the end of the peasantry during decolonialization process is as a way to find out the consolidation ability of the peasant community during a depeasantization process. This paper will answer the question how socio-economic modifications were made by peasant to navigate with gigantic changes in the city during decolonialization Semarang? Using the historical method, an analysis of a peasant community seems to be more appropriate for obtaining the process of ending of the peasantry and it took into account for both the continuity and the discontinuity process. This paper is expected to provide new facts that have implications for the writing of the Javanese urban historiography which has never been present in Indonesian historiography.

Explaining A Narrative in The Critical Philosophy of History Arif Akhyat
Jurnal Filsafat "WISDOM" Vol 29, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Filsafat, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta

This paper explains the narrative in the study of history which has only been understood as a way of telling what should have happened, not what really happened. Narrative as a philosophical thought will be able to reveal not only the factual side but also the actual side. As a philosophical thought, the narrative should be able to provide a new understanding that narration is not just telling (history as a story), but also how can narration be used to explain the historical actuality? Through a new understanding of narrative, history actually as science becomes parallel to other sciences as philosophy. Historical narratives then present "stories" to "facts explained". Thus, history is present and humane because it is always actual. History as a narrative, thus not only makes history a discourse with a dissertation of evidence but also history as a way of abstracting objects in factual thinking.

Pendampingan Pendokumentasian dan Penulisan Sejarah Keluarga di Desa Beji, Ngawen, Gunung Kidul Mutiah Amini; Uji Nugroho Winardi; Wildan Sena Utama; Bambang Purwanto; Abdul Wahid; Arif Akhyat; Farabi Fakih
Bakti Budaya: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences

AbstractThe Department of History conducted a community service (PkM) on the topic of documenting and writing family history in Beji Village, Ngawen, Gunung Kidul. The PkM activities are conducted by lecturers and students of History in six months in 2019. Writing and documenting family history is carried out in a participatory method by a coloboration with village residents. The PkM activities were carried out in three stages. First, on May 4, 2019 a dialogue was held between the PkM team and the village stakeholders regarding the plan to write and document the family history of Beji Village. Secondly, on July 15, 2019 the PkM team observed the Nyadran process held by the Beji Village community. Third, the PkM team provides assistance in writing family history and documenting important figures who intersect with culture and art, cultural traditions, and multicultural identities in Beji Village. At the end of this PkM activity, a family history of the village leader has produced, namely the family history of Mbah Yatmo, a prayer reader at the Sadranan ceremony in Beji Village.----------AbstrakDepartemen Sejarah melakukan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) dengan topik pendokumentasian dan penulisan sejarah keluarga di Desa Beji, Ngawen, Gunung Kidul. Seluruh kegiatan PkM dilakukan oleh dosen dan mahasiswa Ilmu Sejarah dalam waktu enam bulan pada tahun 2019. Penulisan serta pendokumentasian sejarah keluarga yang dilakukan secara partisipatif bersama warga. Kegiatan PkM tersebut dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahapan kegiatan. Pertama, pada 4 Mei 2019 diadakan dialog antara tim PkM dan pemangku desa mengenai rencana penulisan dan pendokumentasian sejarah keluarga Desa Beji. Kedua, pada 15 Juli 2019 tim PkM melakukan observasi proses Nyadran yang diselenggarakan oleh masyarakat Desa Beji. Ketiga, tim PkM melaksanakan pendampingan penulisan sejarah keluarga dan pendokumentasian tokoh penting yang bersinggungan dengan kebudayaan dan kesenian, tradisi kultural, dan identitas multikultural di Desa Beji. Pada akhir kegiatan PkM ini dihasilkan contoh penulisan sejarah keluarga tokoh desa, yaitu sejarah keluarga Mbah Yatmo, seorang pembaca doa dalam upacara Sadranan di Desa Beji.

Shared poverty as a myth: Agricultural communities in Bojonegoro, East Java, 1880s–1930s Akhyat, Arif
Patra Widya: Seri Penerbitan Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya. Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Balai Pelestarian Kebudayaan Wilayah X

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52829/pw.483

This article explains the endemicity of poverty in Bojonegoro 1880-1930s by analyzing the causes and social-economic changes among agrarian communities. Bojonegoro is one of the regions in East Java that is experiencing a paradoxical process, one side has a strategic location for economic networks, but the other side is an endemic area for natural disasters. As a study of social history, poverty in this article focuses more on dysfunctional social institutions due to geographical location, natural disasters, and the marginalization process as a form of the state's absence from the problem of poverty. Historians often conclude that disasters and geographical issues are necessary conditions in explaining the endemicity of poverty. This study shows that poverty is only an easy way to explain the inability to adapt to local economic dynamics and failure to negotiate with the new market. The infrastructure development and financial institutions which are considered to be strategies for overcoming poverty, does not have clear significance. Poverty does not refer to socio-economic realities with various survival strategies using socio-economic networks and job conversion. The strategy of adapting to various economic opportunities, both based on agrarian and non-agrarian economies, is a way to show that the endemicity of poverty is a myth. The poverty is a form of failure to explain socio-economic behavior which is considered to deviate from the view of modern capitalism.

Pelatihan Pemahaman Multikulturalisme pada Komunitas Nahdlatul Ulama di Desa Tamantirta, Kasihan, Bantul Akhyat, Arif
Bakti Budaya: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada masyarakat Vol 4 No 1 (2021): 2021: Edisi 1
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Multiculturalism is a new concept in social science that is used to be the main discussion in community service activities at Jam'iyyah and Jama'ah Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in Tamantirto Village, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Through the concept of multiculturalism, Jama'ah and Jam'iyyah NU began to try to understand the teachings of NU which have the same principles as Tasawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun and I'tidal. With a mixture of online (Whatapps Group and WA Japri) and offline (direct FGD) methods, this service has provided the concept of multiculturalism as a training subject to Jama'ah and Jam'iyyah of NU. The results achieved in this service, opened an understanding of tolerance, the concept of Islamic brotherhood (Ukhuuwah Islamiyah) and a pluralistic social awareness. The emergence of this awareness of multiculturalism, although among NU circles, often referred to the concepts of Tawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun and I'tidal, Jama'ah began to expand the way of life in society amidst differences and complex social networks. ===== Multikulturalisme sebagai konsep baru dalam ilmu sosial menjadi pembahasan pokok dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada Jam’iyyah maupun Jama’ah Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) di Desa Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Melalui konsep multikulturalisme, Jama’ah maupun Jam’iyyah NU mulai mencoba memahami dan mengaitkan dengan ajaran NU yang memiliki kesamaan prinsip dengan Tasawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun dan I’tidal. Dengan metode campuran daring (Whatapps Group dan WA Japri) dan luring (FGD langsung), pengabdian ini telah memberikan pengenalan konsep multikulturalisme kepada Jama’ah dan Jam’iyyah NU sebagai praktik sosial-keagamaan. Hasil yang dicapai pada pengabdian ini, terbukanya pemahaman tentang toleransi, konsep persaudaraan Islamiyah (Ukhuuwah Islamiyah) dan kesadaran bermasyarakat yang majemuk. Munculnya kesadaran multikulturalisme ini, walaupun di kalangan NU, sering merujuk pada konsep Tawasuth, Tasamuh, Tawazun dan I’tidal, namun Jama’ah mulai semakin luas cara hidup bermasyarakat di tengah-tengah perbedaan dan jaringan sosial yang rumit.

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