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Jarwanto Jarwanto
Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
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PEMODELAN NUMERIK ALIRAN TAK JENUH UNTUK EVALUASI INFLOW DAN STABILITAS LERENG TAMBANG TROPIS DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN Jarwanto, Jarwanto; Arie Noor Rakhman
Nusantara Hasana Journal Vol. 5 No. 8 (2026): Nusantara Hasana Journal, January 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Nusantara Hasana Berdikari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59003/nhj.v5i8.1897

Abstract

Open-pit mining operations in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, face complex geohydrological challenges due to extreme tropical rainfall and heterogeneous overburden stratigraphy. This study aims to evaluate the role of unsaturated flow (vadose zone) in predicting mine inflow and slope stability, and to assess the limitations of conventional approaches that consider saturated flow conditions only. One-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) numerical models were developed using the Finite Element Method (FEM) based on the Richards equation to quantify infiltration dynamics and wetting front propagation under episodic rainfall, compare unsaturated model outputs with conventional saturated models, and analyze the sensitivity of Soil Water Retention Curve (SWRC) parameters and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity functions K(θ). The governing equations were solved using a Newton–Raphson iterative scheme to handle the strong nonlinearity of hydraulic functions. The results demonstrate that unsaturated flow models represent transient hydrological responses more accurately than saturated models, which tend to underestimate early-stage inflow. Under extreme rainfall scenarios analogous to the January 2021 regional flooding event, the wetting front reached critical depths within 2–5 days, accompanied by a rapid increase in pore water pressure that may compromise slope stability. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the van Genuchten parameters (α and n) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s) dominate model output uncertainty, particularly within intermediate moisture ranges typical of lateritic and alluvial materials. These findings highlight the necessity of integrating coupled unsaturated–saturated flow modeling with field-based measurements to support effective dewatering design and slope risk mitigation in high-rainfall open-pit mining environments.
PRAKTIK ILMU KETEKNIKAN GEOLOGI PERTAMBANGAN YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN PELEDAKAN BATUAN Jarwanto, Jarwanto
Nusantara Hasana Journal Vol. 5 No. 7 (2025): Nusantara Hasana Journal, December 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Nusantara Hasana Berdikari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59003/nhj.v5i7.1899

Abstract

This community service activity aimed to improve vocational high school (SMK) students’ understanding of the application of mining geological engineering, particularly in the aspect of rock blasting. Blasting is one of the main methods in mining operations used to fragment hard rock so that it can be easily excavated and transported. However, this material is still rarely understood technically by vocational secondary-level students. The activity was conducted in the form of theoretical outreach, simulation practice, and demonstrations of basic blasting design calculations. The materials delivered included basic blasting principles, types of explosives, blast hole geometry, safety factors, and environmental impacts. The results of the activity showed an increase in students’ conceptual understanding of rock blasting mechanisms, occupational safety, and the relationship between geological science and mining practices. This program contributes to strengthening the link and match between vocational education and the needs of the mining industry.
Co-Authors Annisa Annisa Arie Noor Rakhman Arie Noor Rakhman Fivry Wellda Maulana Himawan Rico Sanjaya Sihombing, T.