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All Journal International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Auzani Jidin
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
Control & Systems Engineering Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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FPGA Based Torque and Flux Estimator of Direct Torque Control for Induction Machine Drives Jidin, Aiman Zakwan; Sutikno, Tole; Jidin, Auzani; Nik Idris, Nik Rumzi
Transmisi Vol 11, No 3 (2009): TRANSMISI
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Elektro, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.437 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/transmisi.11.3.123-128

Abstract

This paper presents a new design of the torque and stator flux estimators for Direct Torque control (DTC) for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation, which permit very fast calculations.An alternative variable word-size approach in two’s complement fixed-point format is used for the implementation, in order to minimize calculation errors and the hardware resource usage. The simulation results of DTC model in Matlab, which performed double-precision calculations, are used as references to digital computations executed in FPGA implementation.The Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) method is used to verify the minimal error between Matlab simulation and the experimental results, and thus the well-functionality of the implemented estimators.Keywords: FPGA, DTC, HIL
Analysis of interior rotor for high-speed brushless DC motor using finite element method Abdullah, Nurfaezah; Karim, Kasrul Abdul; Othman, Raja Nor Firdaus Raja; Jidin, Auzani; Sutikno, Tole
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 14, No 4: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v14.i4.pp1919-1928

Abstract

The permanent magnet of brushless DC (BLDC) motor is ideally suited for high-speed application due to its superior performance and efficient as compared to other types of electrical motors. However, to operate in high-speed operation, the rotors that hold the magnet must be able to withstand high centrifugal force. Due to that, the main objective of this project is to design and develop the suitable rotor for high-speed BLDC motor through the finite element method (FEM) Ansys Maxwell modeling software. In addition, this project is also carried out to determine the ability of the modeled software to reach the high-speed performances in terms of cogging torque and induce voltage. In this project, the selected BLDC motor was fabricated and measured experimentally. The result showed that the designed rotor can achieve speed of almost 14,500 rpm.
Torque ripple minimization in direct torque control at low-speed operation using alternate switching technique Aihsan, Muhammad Zaid; Jidin, Auzani; Alias, Azrita; Ahmad Tarusan, Siti Azura; Md Tahir, Zuraidi; Sutikno, Tole
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 13, No 1: March 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i1.pp631-642

Abstract

Direct torque control (DTC) of induction motor is prominent to offer instant torque and flux control with a simple control structure. However, this scheme suffers from two major drawbacks namely high torque ripple and variable switching frequency of the inverter, especially during low-speed operation. During the low-speed condition, the positive torque slope is very steep and torque overshoot occurs frequently resulting in the torque ripple become of great significance. This paper proposes a new and effective technique to reduce the torque ripple by integrating the alternate switching technique to the inverter switching status to limit the torque slope surge. By varying the frequency and duty cycle of the alternate switching, the rate of surge can be controlled resulting in the chances of overshoots, and selection of reverse voltage vector can be avoided. The feasibility of the proposed technique has been validated using MATLAB/Simulink software and through experimental results. The results show the proposed alternate switching technique minimizes over 40% reduction in the torque ripple while maintaining the simple structure of DTC.
Analysis of VFDPC for three-level neutral point clamped AC-DC converters with capacitor balancing solution Razali, Azziddin Mohamad; Mohd Yusoff, Nor Azizah; Ab Shukor, Syahar Azalia; Mohamed Hariri, Muhammad Hafeez; Jidin, Auzani; Sutikno, Tole
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 38, No 1: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v38.i1.pp63-75

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of the dynamic performance of a three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) AC-DC converter utilizing the advanced control technique of virtual flux direct power control (VFDPC). VFDPC estimates the three-phase grid voltage and instantaneous active and reactive power components, eliminating the need for an AC input voltage sensor used in conventional direct power control (DPC). This reduction in sensors decreases system complexity and cost while mitigating high-frequency noise and interference. Integrating VFDPC into 3L NPC AC-DC converters significantly enhances overall performance, leading to more efficient and robust power conversion systems. However, a significant challenge in the three-level NPC topology is the voltage imbalance in the neutral point of the DC-link capacitor, which can cause excessive voltage stress on switching devices and degrade system performance. To address this, a novel lookup table has been developed, incorporating strategies to balance the capacitor voltage. The results of this study demonstrate that VFDPC generates nearly sinusoidal line currents with reduced current total harmonic distortion (THD). Additionally, VFDPC ensures unity, lagging, and leading power factor operation, while providing flexibility to adjust the DC-link output voltage and accommodate load variations. These capabilities highlight VFDPC effectiveness in managing power quality and system stability, even under varying load conditions.
Enhanced torque control in high-speed DTC using modified stator flux locus Zawawi, Syed Abrar S. A.; Jidin, Auzani; Sabri, Nurul Syahada Muhamad; Tarusan, Siti Azura A.; Sutikno, Tole
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 16, No 1: March 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp457-463

Abstract

This paper proposes a modification of stator flux locus in direct torque control (DTC) of induction machine, aiming to enhance torque capability during steady-state operation at high speeds. The modified flux locus maintains the simplicity of the original DTC structure and its advantages of rapid torque and flux dynamic control. However, DTC faces challenges in controlling motor torque at high-speed operations. This study addresses the limitation of the traditional circular flux locus, which limits the angular frequency of stator flux to increase further and hence causes control of torque deteriorates at high speeds. By modifying the stator flux locus from a circular to a hexagonal shape by adjusting flux hysteresis band, this can improve torque control during high-speed motor operation. This finding has potential applications in industrial and electric vehicle sectors that demand enhanced torque control for high-speed motor operations.
Optimizing low-speed DTC performance for three-phase induction motors with sector rotation strategy Sabri, Nurul Syahada Muhamad; Tarusan, Siti Azura Ahmad; Zawawi, Syed Abrar S. A.; Jidin, Auzani; Sutikno, Tole
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 16, No 1: March 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp464-471

Abstract

This paper proposes a modification to the direct torque control (DTC) strategy for induction motors, focusing on improving flux performance at lower speeds. The method employs a sector rotation strategy to address stator flux droop, which occurs in conventional DTC due to the impact of stator resistance at low speed becoming more significant. This constrains the ability of the flux vector to be tangential to the voltage vector in the default sector. Consequently, an improper flux locus leads to distortion of the phase currents which disrupts precise control of torque. The proposed approach dynamically adjusts the sector angle to mitigate flux droop while maintaining the simplicity and original structure of DTC. The new sector rotation strategy is validated through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing stator flux droop. These findings have potential applications in the industrial sector and electric vehicles, where stable motor operation and smoother driving performance at low speeds are crucial for precise control operation.
Co-Authors Ab Shukor, Syahar Azalia Abdullah, Nurfaezah Aihsan, Muhammad Zaid Aiman Zakwan Jidin Alias, Azrita Karim, Kasrul Abdul Md Tahir, Zuraidi Mohamed Hariri, Muhammad Hafeez Nik Rumzi Nik Idris Nor Azizah Mohd Yusoff Othman, Raja Nor Firdaus Raja Razali, Azziddin Mohamad Sabri, Nurul Syahada Muhamad Siti Azura Ahmad Tarusan Tarusan, Siti Azura A. Tarusan, Siti Azura Ahmad Tole Sutikno Zawawi, Syed Abrar S. A.