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PENGARUH EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA MUDA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP KOPULASI DAN JUMLAH ANAKAN MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) Ni Wayan Saka Rahayu; Bagus Komang Satriyasa; Made Jawi; Ni Wayan Sucindra Dewi
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 10 No 8 (2021): Vol 10 No 08(2021): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2021.V10.i8.P12

Latar Belakang: Upaya pemerintah untuk mengatur kepadatan jumlah penduduk adalah dengan menggunakan kontrasepsi. Menurut data BKKBN, penggunaan kontrasepsi pada pria lebih sedikit dibandingkan perempuan. Rendahnya partisipasi pria dalam Keluarga Berencana dikarenakan ketersediaan kontrasepsi pria yang minimal. Kontrasepsi pria bisa didapat dari bahanaalam seperti biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L.) memiliki kandungan bersifat anti fertilitas. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode True Experimental Post Test Only Control Group Design. Sampel dibagi dalam 3 kelompok yakni kelompok kontrol (P0), kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) dan kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) dengan masing-masing jumlah sampel 10 ekor mencit (Mus Musculus L.) setiap kelompok. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS. Ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L.) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kopulasi mencit, didapatkan nilai p 0,342 (p>0,05). Ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L.) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah anakan mencit (Mus Musculus L.) didapatkan nilai p <0,001. Ekstrak biji papaya muda (Carica papaya L.) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kategori kehamilan mencit (Mus Musculus L.) didapatkan nilai p <0,001. Ekstrak biji papaya muda (Carica papaya L.) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kopulasi mencit disebabkan oleh regulasi umpan balik negatif sistem hipotalamus-hipofisis, sehingga hormon testosteron masih dalam kadar normal. Ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L.) berpengaruh terhadap jumlah anakan mencit disebabkan oleh kandungan ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L.) yang bersifat anti fertilitas. Kesimpulan : Ekstrak biji pepaya muda (Carica papaya L.) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kopulasi mencit (Mus Musculus L.) , sedangkan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah anakan mencit (Mus Musculus L.) Kata kunci : Ekstrak biji pepaya muda, kopulasi mencit, jumlah anakan mencit

Destructive Thyroiditis: A Rare and Perplexing Complication of Lithium Therapy in Bipolar Disorder Ni Wayan Saka Rahayu
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 12 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i12.1459

Background: Lithium is a cornerstone therapy for Bipolar I Disorder, yet its use necessitates vigilant monitoring for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). While lithium-induced hypothyroidism is a well-documented complication, the emergence of thyrotoxicosis secondary to destructive thyroiditis is a rare and diagnostically challenging event. This report presents a systematic analysis of a case of suspected lithium-induced thyroiditis notable for its paradoxical clinical presentation as a severe depressive episode. Case presentation: A 33-year-old female with a 10-year history of Bipolar I Disorder, stable on lithium for two years, was admitted with a severe depressive episode and active suicidal ideation. The onset of her psychiatric decompensation was temporally correlated with a diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis (suppressed TSH <0.005 uIU/mL; elevated FT4 >7.77 ng/dL). A formal causality assessment using the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale yielded a score of 6, indicating a "probable" relationship between lithium and the thyroiditis. Critically, the thyrotoxic state, which conventionally mimics mania, presented atypically as severe depression. Conclusion: This case of probable lithium-induced destructive thyroiditis, presenting paradoxically with severe depression, underscores the critical need for a high index of suspicion for iatrogenic endocrinopathies in patients on lithium who exhibit any mood destabilization. A systematic approach to ADR assessment is essential to guide appropriate clinical management in such complex presentations.

Destructive Thyroiditis: A Rare and Perplexing Complication of Lithium Therapy in Bipolar Disorder Ni Wayan Saka Rahayu
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 12 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i12.1459

Background: Lithium is a cornerstone therapy for Bipolar I Disorder, yet its use necessitates vigilant monitoring for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). While lithium-induced hypothyroidism is a well-documented complication, the emergence of thyrotoxicosis secondary to destructive thyroiditis is a rare and diagnostically challenging event. This report presents a systematic analysis of a case of suspected lithium-induced thyroiditis notable for its paradoxical clinical presentation as a severe depressive episode. Case presentation: A 33-year-old female with a 10-year history of Bipolar I Disorder, stable on lithium for two years, was admitted with a severe depressive episode and active suicidal ideation. The onset of her psychiatric decompensation was temporally correlated with a diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis (suppressed TSH <0.005 uIU/mL; elevated FT4 >7.77 ng/dL). A formal causality assessment using the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale yielded a score of 6, indicating a "probable" relationship between lithium and the thyroiditis. Critically, the thyrotoxic state, which conventionally mimics mania, presented atypically as severe depression. Conclusion: This case of probable lithium-induced destructive thyroiditis, presenting paradoxically with severe depression, underscores the critical need for a high index of suspicion for iatrogenic endocrinopathies in patients on lithium who exhibit any mood destabilization. A systematic approach to ADR assessment is essential to guide appropriate clinical management in such complex presentations.

The Algorithm as an Architect of Anxiety: 'Lucid Dreaming' Content Precipitating Acute Somniphobia in a Preadolescent—A Case Report on the 'Digital Pathogen' Phenomenon and Culturally Responsive Mediation Ni Wayan Saka Rahayu; Putu Risdianto Eka Putra
Scientia Psychiatrica Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Scientia Psychiatrica
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/scipsy.v6i3.194

Introduction: The pervasive integration of digital media into pediatric life has shifted the clinical focus from screen time quantity to content quality. Emerging "metaphysical" sub-genres, such as algorithmic "Lucid Dreaming" tutorials, pose unique risks to preadolescents. This case report aims to document a novel presentation of acute sleep anxiety precipitated specifically by "Lucid Dreaming" tutorials. Case presentation: We report the case of a 10-year-old male of Balinese descent presenting with acute sleep onset insomnia (somniphobia), autonomic hyperarousal (resting heart rate 104 bpm), and separation anxiety. The precipitating event was the consumption of "Astral Projection" and "Reality Shifting" content, which the patient, being in the Concrete Operational stage of cognitive development, misinterpreted as a literal biological threat of "soul separation." Assessment via the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) yielded a score of 46 (98th percentile), indicating severe anxiety. A four-week intervention was implemented, utilizing a Cultural Formulation approach that integrated Balinese spiritual coping with Cognitive Reframing and a Structured Parental Mediation Protocol (restrictive mediation and active co-viewing). Post-intervention analysis showed a statistically significant reduction in SCAS scores to 18 (Reliable Change Index > 1.96) and normalization of sleep onset latency from 140 minutes to 25 minutes. Conclusion: This case identifies specific abstract digital content as a potential cognitive pathogen for vulnerable developmental stages. It highlights the necessity of auditing content quality and validates the efficacy of culturally responsive parental mediation in resolving digitally induced psychopathology.

Symbolic Efficacy in the Psychiatric Ward: A Clinical Ethnography of Cetik-Attributed Psychosis and Hospital-Facilitated Ritual Integration in Bali Ni Wayan Saka Rahayu; Ni Made Citra Riesti Wulan; Nyoman Ari Yoga Wirawan; Ida Bagus Ngurah Dwipayana Manuaba
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v4i1.114

In Bali, acute psychosis is frequently interpreted through the Niskala or unseen cosmology, specifically attributed to Cetik or magical poisoning and Guna-guna or sorcery. This explanatory model often clashes with biomedical paradigms, leading to poor therapeutic alliance and treatment refusal. This study aims to evaluate the pathoplastic efficacy and symbolic healing mechanisms of an integrative therapeutic approach. We employed a clinical ethnography design within a psychiatric ward in Denpasar, Bali. The subject was a 26-year-old Balinese female with Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorder (ICD-10: F23.2), presenting with severe psychomotor agitation (PANSS-EC score of 22). Data were collected via the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI), non-participant observation of a hospital-facilitated Penglukatan or purification ritual, and clinical timeline mapping. We utilized a rigorous reflexivity framework to analyze the intersection of the clinical gaze of the psychiatrist and the ritual authority of the Balian or traditional healer. The distress of the patient was culturally coded as "spiritual heat" or Panes resulting from Cetik ingestion. A timeline analysis revealed a significant reduction in psychomotor agitation, with the PANSS-EC score dropping from 22 to 10, occurring 30 minutes post-ritual but prior to the administration of oral Risperidone. This temporal dissociation suggests the immediate behavioral containment was mediated by cultural symbolic efficacy rather than pharmacological dopamine blockade. In conclusion, the Balian functioned as a "cultural broker," transforming the "contaminated" hospital space into a sanctuary. Future research should quantify this effect through randomized controlled trials comparing standard care against integrated ritual care. Policy reform should focus on institutionalizing spiritual visitation protocols akin to chaplaincy services.

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