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All Journal Yustisia Arena Hukum
I Gusti Putu Agung
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Geothermal Exploitation in a World Heritage Site: a Case Study of Gunung Leuser National Park Marsudi Triatmodjo; Agustina Merdekawati; Sandy Nurvianto; Irkham Afnan Trisandi Hasibuan; I Gusti Putu Agung
Yustisia Vol 10, No 1: April 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v10i1.47797

Abstract

Act Number 21of 2014 on Geothermal Energy is considered a solution to the slow development of geothermal energy utilization for power plants by opening the way for exploitation in conservation forest areas. However, in practice, such exploitation is still constrained because it often clashes with the conservation interest. This study aims to review: (1) the role of Act No. 21/2014 as a legal justification to conduct geothermal power plant exploitation in Gunung Kembar and Gunung Waihlup within the core zone of Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP), and (2) the potential impact of such exploitation on the international recognition of Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (TRHS) as a world heritage. This research is normative legal research, using secondary data consisting of primary and secondary legal materials, and employs a qualitative method to analyze the data. The results showed that Act Number 21 of 2014 could not justify geothermal exploitation activity within the core zone of GLNP. The study also concluded that the geothermal power plant activity is projected to have the potential to compromise TRHS recognition as a world heritage site.
Conservation Outside Forests in Indonesia : An Option to Untangle Authority Dualism in the Essential Ecosystem Area Agustina Merdekawati; Marsudi Triatmodjo; Sandy Nurvianto; Irkham Afnan Trisandi Hasibuan; Vivin Purnamawati; I Gusti Putu Agung
Yustisia Vol 11, No 1: April 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v11i1.54789

Abstract

As a country rich in biodiversity, Indonesia has realised the importance of conducting conservation efforts beyond the designated conservation areas, where most of the biodiversity elements are located. In fact, the country has adopted the concept of Essential Ecosystem Areas (EEAs) into various statutory instruments. However, the implementation of EEA policies has faced various obstacles stemming from the dualism of authority between the central and regional governments in establishing and managing EEA. Act No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government delegates the implementation to the provincial governments. At the same time, Government Regulation No. 28 of 2011 mandates that the exercise of EEA protection be integrated with conservation efforts conducted by the central government. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the legal implications of the dualism of authority in EEA implementation and provide recommendations for a regulatory scheme. The problem may be mitigated by considering the factors relevant to the regulatory implementation aspects. The results revealed that the existence of dualism of authority has had implications in several aspects, including the authority in establishing, managing and financing EEAs, which have prevented authorities from achieving the objectives of establishing EEAs. Thus, this study also recommends the integrated and modified implementation of EEA policies in several ways
COMPATIBILITY OF INDONESIA'S REGULATIONS ON SUBMARINE CABLE WITH UNCLOS 1982 Agustina Merdekawati; Swissitya Ajari; Irkham Afnan Trisandi Hasibuan; I Gusti Putu Agung
Arena Hukum Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Arena Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2021.01402.5

Abstract

AbstractThe special status of Exclusive Economic Zone of Indonesia (EEZ) raises a problem particularly related to the submarine cable laying activities. This study aims to analyze the compatibility of the marine location permit instrument under Law No. 32/2014 on Marine Affairs and Government Regulation No. 32/2019 on National Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) with UNCLOS 1982 in regulating submarine cable in the EEZ. This normative research shows that the marine location permit instrument regulating submarine cable laying activity in EEZ is incompatible with the provisions of UNCLOS 1982. In contrast, the MSP instrument is compatible and a suitable instrument to protect Indonesia's interests in the EEZ. The Government of Indonesia is advised to regulate an exemption clause for submarine cable installation in EEZ in the Draft of Government Regulation on Marine Location Permit; formulate and formalize ‘prior notification’ procedures by other countries in submarine cable laying activities in EEZ into laws and regulations; and publish the Government Regulation on Marine Spatial Planning and its annexes through the channels of relevant international organizations such as International Cable Protection Committee (ICPC) and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC).AbstrakKekhususan Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia (ZEE) menimbulkan permasalahan terkait bentuk instrumen hukum yang dapat diterapkan oleh Indonesia untuk mengatur aktivitas pemasangan kabel bawah laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian instrumen izin lokasi laut dalam Undang-Undang 32/2014 tentang Kelautan; dan Peraturan Pemerintah 32/2019 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Laut (PP RTRL) terhadap UNCLOS 1982 dalam mengatur aktivitas pemasangan kabel bawah laut di ZEE. Hasil penelitian normative ini menunjukkan bahwa instrumen izin lokasi laut tidak berkesesuaian dengan ketentuan UNCLOS. Sementara, instrumen rencana tata ruang laut berkesesuaian dengan ketentuan UNCLOS sehingga menjadi instrumen yang tepat untuk melindungi kepentingan Indonesia. Tim peneliti merekomendasikan kepada Pemerintah Indonesia untuk mengatur klausul pengecualian terhadap pemasangan kabel bawah laut di ZEE dalam Rancangan PP Izin Lokasi Laut; memformulasikan dan merumuskan prosedur ‘prior notification’ oleh negara lain dalam aktivitas pemasangan kabel bawah laut di ZEE ke dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, dan memublikasikan eksistensi PP RTRL beserta lampiran-lampirannya melalui kanal organisasi-organisasi internasional terkait seperti International Cable Protection Committee (ICPC) dan Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC).
Co-Authors Agustina Merdekawati Agustina Merdekawati Bintari Dyah Ramadhani dan Marsudi Triatmodjo Irkham Afnan Trisandi Hasibuan Sandy Nurvianto Sandy Nurvianto Swissitya Ajari Vivin Purnamawati