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All Journal LAW REFORM Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Jurnal Media Hukum Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Varia Justicia
Sri Wartini
Faculty Of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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PENERAPAN METODE PROSES PRODUKSI DALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL UNTUK PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN DAN KESEHATAN Wartini, Sri; Edy Nawawi, Risky
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 22, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Processes and Production Methods (PPMs) are the subject of one of the most complicated controversies in the debate over international trade and protection of the environment and human health.  The issue of PPMs actually is not prohibited under the WTO system. There are some cases which may become evident to prove that PPMs is permisible in WTO system. However, PPMs for some rasons can be used as a tool of disguise protectionism by the developed countries. Unfortunately, a developing country finds difficulty to challenge it.  The article emphasizes in   a weighty examination of the two  issues , namely : (i)What are the justifications of process and production method (PPMs) to implement  in international trade? (ii) What are the legal implication of PPMs in international trade to the protection of the environment and the human health ? The research method is qualitative and the approach of the research is normative. The research finds that the implementation of PPMs to some extend are justifiable in international trade to the extent that comply with the provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT),  the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), and  the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Agreement.
The Legal Impacts of The Convention for The Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna on The Optimum Utilization and Sustainability of Highly Migratory Fish Sri Wartini
Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Vol 19, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jdh.2019.19.3.2596

Abstract

The sustainability of southern Bluefin tuna (SBT) is very important, since the SBT as one of the highly migratory fish which is very valuable. Because of that, the SBT are exploited tremendously  and it caused serious  decline of the population. Due to the reasons, the aim of the paper is to examine comprehensively the legal impacts of the Convention for The Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT) on the optimum utilization and sustainability of the SBT as one of  highly migratory fish, There are two problems questions that  are proposed, namely,  first, how is the role of the Commission of CCSBT in the optimum utilization and sustainable conservation of the SBT. Second, how is the legal impacts of the CCSBT to the conduct of the Member States to obey the obligations of the CCSBT in order to utilize and  to maintain the sustainability of  the SBT in sustainable manner. The result of the paper finds that there is positive legal impacts of the CCSBT to the Member States’ conduct in order to materialize the  optimum utilization and sustainability of the SBT, though, there are still some challenges.   Keywords: conservation, highly migratory fish, optimum utilization, southern tuna Bluefin, sustainable manner.Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT), as one of the highly migratory fish, is very valuable due to the high demand inthe international market. Hence, the SBT is exploited tremendously and it caused a severe decline in thepopulation. To maintain the sustainability utilization of SBT, the role of the Commission on the CCSBT isimperative. The objective of the research is to examine conceptually the legal impacts of the Convention forthe Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT) on the optimum utilization and sustainability of the SBT.It is a normative juridical research by applying conceptual and statutory approaches. The results of theresearch indicates that: first, the role of the Commission of CCSBT in the optimum utilization and thesustainability of the SBT is very significant: second, there are positive legal impacts of the CCSBT to theconduct of the Member States to comply with provisions of the CCSBT; third, the legal impacts of CCSBT areable to oblige the Member States to perform their obligations, however, there are still some challenges tomaterialize the objective of the CCSBT.Keywords: conservation; highly migratory fish; optimum utilization; southern tuna bluefin; sustainability.
THE LEGAL IMPLICATION OF COMPULSORY LICENCE PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS IN THE TRIPs AGREEMENT TO THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO HEALTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Sri Wartini
Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.1.1685

Abstract

Compulsory license of pharmaceutical products in the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) Agreement attempts to balance the interest of patent holders and The right to health. The access of medicines in developing countries for the epidemic diseases, such as, HIV/AIDS  medicine is crucial to  protect The right to health. The objective of the research is to analyze comprehensively the legal implication  of compulsory license for the pharmaceutical product to the protection of The right to health in developing countries. It is  a normative juridical research by applying conceptual and  comparative approaches. The results of the research  shows that: first, the implementation of compulsory licence is in accordance with the international human right law: second, the legal implication of the compulsory license  causes the adoption of policy and regulations regarding the protection of the right to health in developing countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Brazil, India and  South Africa.  Keywords : Compulsory license, pharmaceutical products, legal implication and The right to health
PENERAPAN METODE PROSES PRODUKSI DALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL UNTUK PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN DAN KESEHATAN Sri Wartini; Risky Edy Nawawi
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 22, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.2015.0047.57-72

Abstract

Processes and Production Methods (PPMs) are the subject of one of the most complicated controversies in the debate over international trade and protection of the environment and human health.  The issue of PPMs actually is not prohibited under the WTO system. There are some cases which may become evident to prove that PPMs is permisible in WTO system. However, PPMs for some rasons can be used as a tool of disguise protectionism by the developed countries. Unfortunately, a developing country finds difficulty to challenge it.  The article emphasizes in   a weighty examination of the two  issues , namely : (i)What are the justifications of process and production method (PPMs) to implement  in international trade? (ii) What are the legal implication of PPMs in international trade to the protection of the environment and the human health ? The research method is qualitative and the approach of the research is normative. The research finds that the implementation of PPMs to some extend are justifiable in international trade to the extent that comply with the provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT),  the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), and  the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Agreement.
Implementasi Pasal XX (b) dan (g) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa di World Trade Organisation Sri Wartini
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 19 No. 3: Juli 2012
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol19.iss3.art5

Abstract

There is a mutual relation between international trade and environment. International trade may give negative effects to the environment. The problems that will be studied are, first, how is the implementation of Article XX (b) and (g) of GATT in the dispute settlement at WTO? Second, why is there differences in interpretation method toward Article XX (b) and (g) of GATT by Panel and Appellate Body in dispute settlement at WTO? This research os a normative research and is analyzed qualitatively. The result of the research concludes that: first, panel and Appellate Body have differences in implementing Article XX (b) and (g) of GATT. This is caused by the different interpretation done by Panel and Appellate Body; second, the difference in the interpretation of Article XX (b) and (g) of GATT by Panel and Appellate Body in the settlement of those three cases is resulted from the lack of understanding of the Panel on the interpretation way as stipulated in Article 2(3) of DSU and lack of partisanship from the Panel to the importance of health, plants, animals, and environment protections.International trade, panel, appellate body, negative effects
The Role Of The Host State To The Protection Of Human Rights And The Environment From The Violation Done By Transnational Corporations Sri Wartini
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 20 No. 4: Oktober 2013
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol20.iss4.art1

Abstract

Transnational Corporations (hereinafter TNCs) have great influence in the economic development and social welfare in host states. Due to the strong economic power owned by TNCs, they are able to influence the government of the host states. However, to certain extent, in order to gain a great profit, they often violate human rights and the environment in the host states. Unfortunately, the TNCs are not the subject of international law, thus international environmental law and International human rights law cannot be applied to TNCs. It seems that TNCs are out of the ambit of Law. However, it is essential to enhance the role of the host state government to enforce the law in order to protect human rights and environment in the host state. This paper undertakes a critical examination of the issues relating to human rights violations and environmental damage done by TNCs in developing countries. The research method of this article is qualitative and the approach of the research is normative. The research finds that the role of the host sate to enforce the law to protect human rights and environment from the violation done by TNCs is paramount.
Kebijakan Hukum terhadap Tanggung Jawab Transnasional Corporations (TNCs) atas Pelanggaran Hak Menikmati Lingkungan yang Sehat di Indonesia Sri Wartini; Jamaludin Ghafur
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 21 No. 4: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol21.iss4.art7

Abstract

The problems in this study, namely: first, how the policy of the law towards the responsibility of TNCs related to the violation of right of enjoying a healthy environment in Indonesia? Secondly, why the need for a model law policy against liability for infringement TNCs enjoyed a healthy environment in Indonesia? This research is normative. The approach used is the conceptual approach and legislation. Results of this study concluded that: first, the legal policy towards the responsibility of TNCs for violations of the right of enjoying a healthy living environment have not been explicitly included in the national regulations of Indonesia. Second, the model of law policy towards the responsibility of TNCs related to the violation of right of enjoying a healthy environment is necessary.
Perbandingan Kebijakan Hukum terhadap Tanggung Jawab Transnasional Corporations atas Pelanggaran Hak Menikmati Lingkungan yang Sehat di Beberapa Negara Sri Wartini; Jamaludin Ghafur
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 22 No. 3: Juli 2015
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol22.iss3.art2

Abstract

Most TNCs investing in developing countries control the exploitation of natural resources. However, the environmental protection standards applied by TNCs in the home state and the host state are not the same. The bad experiences occuring in some developing countries (Indonesia, India, Ecuador, and Nigeria) triggervarious policies to protect the right to enjoy a healthy environment. This study comprehensively analyzes: first, how is the legal policy of the responsibility of TNCs on the right protection to enjoy healthy environment in Indonesia, India, Ecuador, Nigeria and Finland? Second, what are the similarities and differences in its policymaking? This study is a qualitative research with normative and comparative juridical approach. The results of this study concluded that, first, the legal policies of developing countries towards the violation of TNCs responsibilities to enjoy a healthy environment have the same pattern, which is pretty mild in granting sanction, and prioritizing more on the economic growth rather than protecting the right to enjoy healthy environment. Second, the similar legal policy between these countries lies on the fact that they have recognized the right to enjoy healthy environment as a constitutional right and part of human rights. However, the implementation of the legal protection of the right to enjoy healthy environment differs from one country to another.
Implikasi Trip's Terhadap Konvensi Keanekaragaman Hayati Sri Wartini
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 12 No. 30: September 2005
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol12.iss30.art4

Abstract

The Protection of Intellectual Property Rights regulated on TRIP'S raises negative and positive impacts to the Biological Diversity Convention. The Protection of Intellectual Property Rights appliedto Invention on the biotechnology encouragespeople to invent a new variety of plant, on the other hand, the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights causes disadvantages to the developing countries such as patentedof traditional knowledge owned by Indigenous people of a State or patented of a certain kind-of plant.Furthermore. TRIP'S also raises negative Impact to the objective of the Biological Diversity Convention, such as the decrease of biological diversity.
Pertanggungjawaban Negara Dalam Kegiatan Komersiil Ruang Angkasa Yang Dilakukan Oleh Perusahaan Swasta Sri Wartini
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 12 No. 28: Januari 2005
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol12.iss28.art8

Abstract

Commercial space activWes conducted by private company may raise legal problems which relate to state responsibility. State Responsibility can be embodied in the national regulation, national policies and effective control of commercial space activities by the government, such as permit system with specific and private company to participate on the commercial space activities. Therefore, the company is able to fulfil its responsibility and liability if its activities cause disadvantage to the third parties.
Co-Authors Edy Nawawi, Risky Jamaludin Ghafur, Jamaludin Risky Edy Nawawi