Sulaiman Hamid
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PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP WARGA SIPIL SEBAGAI KORBAN PENYANDERAAN DALAM KONFLIK BERSENJATA DI FILIPINA MENURUT HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL Anggie Sere Sitompul; Sulaiman Hamid; Chairul Bariah
Journal of USU International Law Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRACT Protection of civilians Moro as victims of hostage in an armed conflict in the Philippines into the spotlight sharper international law. Hostage-taking carried out by MNLF result as a form of rebellion against the Central Government of the Philippines over the Government's actions which only involves the MILF in the negotiations concerning the framework of the peace with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, which was held in Malaysia in August 2013. The problems in this research are: how the act of a standoff against civilians in armed conflict viewed from humaniter international law, how a solution that can be taken in the act of a standoff civilians in the armed conflict, and how renewed efforts by the philippines in dealing with the act of a standoff civilians in the armed conflict in the government of Southern Philippines. This research is a juridical normative because the target of research is reviewing the rule of law that is related to the protection of civilians as a sacrifice captivity in armed conflict in the Philippines according to law humaniter international by using the library techniques. Data were analyzed qualitatively. Protection against civilians in armed conflict according to law humaniter international arranged in The Geneva Convention IV with Additional Protocol II and International Customs Law Humaniter.The conflict that took place in the Philippines at first due to the distinction between history and understand the Central Government of the Philippines with the separatist movements in the country, and the conflict has intensified because of the actions of the Philippines Government which judged less prudent in doing the negotiating efforts with the rebels. The legal consequences for the perpetrators of the hostage-taking of civilians in armed conflict under the law or international sanctions humaniter can be meted out to the perpetrators of the hostage-taking of civilians is given in accordance with the national law in force in each country. Keywords: Non-International Armed Conflicts, Hostage-Taking, The Moro, The Philippines, The Geneva Conventions, The Laws Of Humaniter.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PELANGGARAN HAM TERHADAP MUSLIM UIGHUR DI CHINA DITINJAU DARI HUKUM HUMANITER Muhammad Fajrin Saragih; Sulaiman Hamid; Makdin Munthe
Journal of USU International Law Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRAK Prof, Sulaiman, SH * Makdin Munthe, SH, M.Hum ** MUHAMMAD FAJRIN SARAGIH ***   HAM adalah hak-hak yang melekat pada diri setiap manusia sehingga mereka diakui kemanusiaannya tanpa membedakan jenis kelamin, ras, warna kulit, bahasa, agama, politik, bangsa, status sosial, kekayaan, dan kelahirannya. Termasuk dalam hak asasi ini adalah hak untuk hidup layak, merdeka, dan selamat. Ini merupakan tugas negara untuk melindungi hak asasi warga negaranya dari pihak-pihak yang ingin mengganggu atau meniadakannya. Kepentingan Individu mulai terasa memerlukan perlindungan terhadap pemerintahannya. Individu menuntut hak-hak yang diperlukan kebebasan dari campur tangan pemerintahannya. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah bagaimana bentuk-bentuk masalah pelanggaran HAM terhadap muslim di Uighur, bagaimana kejahatan kemanusiaan terhadap muslim di Uighur ditinjau dari konvensi jenewa 1949 dan statuta roma dan bagaimana upaya-upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh organisasi internasional dalam meredam kericuhan yang terjadi pada muslim di Uighur. Peristiwa kejahatan yang menimpa Muslim uighur di China telah menjurus kepada Genosida, usaha pembersihan etnis karena dilakukan secara  sistematis, dimulai dengan kebijakan- kebijakan Pemerintah China yang menyudutkan keberadaan Muslim Uighur. Konvensi Jenewa (Konvensi Palang Merah) tahun 1949 mengenai perlindungan korban perang dan sengketa bersenjata non-internasional dapat dijadikan rujukan dalam melakukan perlindungan terhadap rakyat Muslim Uighur. Kasus kejahatan kemanusiaan terhadap Muslim di Uighur, seperti pembunuhan, penyiksaan, pembakaran sekolah, pemusnahan tempat beribadah dan ketidakbebasan untuk menjalankan kepercayaan dalam beribadah yang dilakukan oleh pihak berkuasa dalam hal ini negara china masih tetap ada kemungkinan bagi Mahkamah Pidana Internasional untuk melaksanakan kompetensi dan yurisdiksinya terhadap kasus ini, karena fakta-fakta yang terjadi dalam kasus kejahatan kemanusiaan terhadap Muslim di Uighur ini telah terpenuhi syarat materilnya yang ditetapkan dalam Statuta Roma khususnya yang ada di Pasal 7 berkenaan dengan kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan.  Upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meredam kericuhan yang terjadi terhadap Muslim di Uighur mengajukan kasus yang terjadi ke peradilan internasional seperti International Criminal Court yang diatur dalam statuta roma tahun 1998.   Keywords: Pelanggaran HAM, Muslim di Uighur, Hukum Humaniter dan Hukum Internasional *      Dosen Pembimbing I **    Dosen Pembimbing II ***  Mahasiswa Hukum Internasional Universitas Sumatera Utara
PERMASALAHAN PENGAKUAN TERHADAP KELOMPOK-KELOMPOK BELLIGERENT DARI SEGI HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL Marcel Gabriel Pailalah; Sulaiman Hamid; Chairul Bariah
Journal of USU International Law Vol 5, No 6 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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Abstract

ABSTRACTWars and conflicts have always been a human habit throughout civilization, from the very beginning of human creation on Earth, warfare has always been a determinant of human survival and especially the standing or destruction of civilizations existing in the world. Of the many conflicts that exist, the conflict is a revolt that attracts attention, because of the conflict between the ruling government against armed parties who are not satisfied with the relevant government policy. From here comes the term "belligerent", which means the parties to the dispute or the rebels. At first, belligerent created from the dissatisfaction of the elements of the people against the government in a country. The ruling government is unable to accommodate the will and interests of these dissatisfied elements of the people, so that they rebel in order to realize their neglected aspirations. This initially limited rebellion gradually began to spread to every territory of the country, and the rebels were able to control various territories and establish their own version of government. This situation also received attention from the world, and for some considerations of the international community, the rebels were recognized as a separate entity representing the aspirations of elements of the people who are not satisfied with the regime in power in a country. The research method used is normative juridical by doing research of literature study to obtain secondary data needed in the framework of completion of this thesis. The results are presented descriptively and with related drawings of the materials discussed in order to obtain an explanation of the existing problems. The research in this thesis aims to find out the meaning of armed conflict in international humanitarian law, belligerent and its history, recognition conditions and worldviews of belligerent groups, and internationally recognized belligerent groups.   Key Words: War and conflict, rebellion, armed conflict in International Humanitarian Law, belligerent.