Wei Li
Xi’an Communications Institute

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Examining the Reliability and Validity of Measuring Scales related to Informatization Instructional Leadership Using PLS-SEM Approach Li, Wei; Lay, Yoon Fah
Dinamika Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): Dinamika Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/dinamika.v16i1.19768

Abstract

During the COVID-19, university teachers’ informatization instructional leadership (TIIL) was adopted in many countries. This attracted widespread attention. This research derived six factors from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) including performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC) and behavioral intention (BI), added two new internal elements related to the individual teacher which are computer self-efficacy (CSE) and blended teaching competence (BTC). Before using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to explore the contributing factors to TIIL by assessing interrelation between constructs within extended UTAUT model in this study. This pilot study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of modified scales incorporating Use Expectancy (UE) Scale including (PE Scale and EE Scale) used to measure use expectancy, SI Scale to measure social influence, FC Scale to measure facilitating conditions, CSE Scale to measure computer self-efficacy, BTC Scale to measure blended teaching competence, BI Scale to measure behavioral intention to adopt TIIL, and the TIIL Scale to measure teachers’ informatization instructional leadership. A total of 60 teachers from the large multi-disciplinary private undergraduate universities in Xi’an city of Shaanxi province in China participated in this research. The data was collected in November-December 2022 during the middle stages of COVID-19 pandemic. The PLS-SEM approach was used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the adapted scales. The internal consistency reliability was determined by composite reliability (CR) and Cronbach’s alpha. Convergent validity was assessed by outer loading and average variance extracted (AVE). Assessment of discriminant validity was measured by Fornell-Larcker criterion, Cross-loadings and Heterotrait-Monotrait Ratio (HTMT). Results showed after deleting nine items with lower than .40, Cronbach’s alpha values were all higher than .70. CR values were at a satisfactory level. All item values fulfilled the criteria of AVE, Fornell-Larcker criterion, cross-loadings, and HTMT. Research results revealed all adapted scales were valid and reliable to be used in future research. This study explored the influencing factors of TIIL in Chinese context, enriched the theory of TIIL, and provided practical support for the future development of TIIL.
The Impact of Land Transfer on Farmers' Happiness: The Mediating Effect of Social Aspects Zhang, Weiwei; Zhou, Qiuxiang; Li, Wei; Nupueng, Somjai
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-010

Abstract

This study investigated the mechanism through which land transfer impacts farmers' happiness in China, focusing on the mediating roles of household income and social equity, and the moderating effect of social capital. Utilizing convenience sampling through WJX platform, 431 farmers in Guangxi (2024) were selected as samples, and conducted structural equation modeling with Smart-PLS 4.0. Key findings reveal: (1) Land transfer exerts a significant positive effect on farmers' happiness; (2) Household income and social equity mediate 69.63% of this effect, with social equity demonstrating stronger mediation; (3) Social capital amplifies the equity pathway while showing nonsignificant moderation on income effects. Methodologically, this study applied multi-mediation moderated SEM in farmers' happiness studies, integrating both economic and psychosocial dimensions. Theoretically, these results challenge conventional income-centric paradigms by establishing social equity as the dominant mechanism, revealing that policy effectiveness in land reforms depends more on equity perceptions than absolute income gains. They provide empirical support for the application of social capital theory and social equity theory in rural land issue studies, highlighting critical factors that should be considered in policy formulation, and provide valuable empirical evidence for the government and policymakers, aiding in the optimization of land transfer policies to enhance farmers' happiness.