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All Journal ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Purnomo Purnomo
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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Variations and Phenetic Analysis of Peanut Cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) Based on Morphological Characteristics Purnomo Purnomo; Nurul Khotimah
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (849.299 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.39390

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a food commodity that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. At present there has been no analysis of the relationship between peanut cultivars with phenetic methods based on the morphological properties of the plants. Four cultivars of Arachis hypogaea L. Tuban, Talam 1, Talam 2, and Talam 3 used in this research. Morphological characters data was analyzed by description to construct identification key. Similarity index was counted by Simple Matching Coefficient (SSm) formula based on morphological scoring. Cluster analysis was conducted by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Methods using Arithmetic Averages) method to construct dendrogram. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) were performed to defined role of each morphological character in grouping of accessions with MVSP (Multivariate Statistical Program) v. 3.1 software.  The dendrogram showed that four cultivars of Arachis hypogaea L. divided into two main clusters, 4 sub-clusters. The similarity index of clusters is 0.85%.
Intraspecific Variation of Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh from Sundaland, Indonesia, Based on Morphological Characters Nurmiyati Nurmiyati; Sutarno Sutarno; Rina Sri Kasiamdari; Purnomo Purnomo
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2026): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.31.2.113-123

Abstract

Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh is a keystone species in tropical waters' ecosystems and is characterized by high morphological plasticity. The Sundaland region, which consists of a wide range of oceanographic conditions, offers diverse microhabitats that may promote complex patterns of phenotypic variation. However, studies on intraspecific variation of S. polycystum in this region are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the morphological variation of S. polycystum at ten locations in Sundaland and identify key diagnostic characters that drive population differentiation. A total of 200 individuals were analyzed using 37 morphological characters. Phenotypic relationships were mapped using UPGMA cluster analysis with Gower Similarity Index and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed relatively homogeneous water chemistry parameters across sites, whereas physical characteristics varied among locations. Quantitative traits were uniform across populations (p = 0.99), suggesting growth stability associated with nutritional homogeneity. UPGMA analysis separated populations into two groups based on habitat typology. PCA showed that phylloid margin shape and vesicle morphology were the main diagnostic characters. Intertidal populations were characterized by serrated phylloids and densely spined primary branches, which likely function as drag-reducing mechanisms, whereas subtidal populations developed winged vesicles to enhance buoyancy. These findings suggest a segregation mechanism, where morphological variation in S. polycystum is driven by phenotypic plasticity to environmental physical constraints, regardless of water chemistry. A comprehensive understanding of these microhabitat-based ecological adaptation patterns provides important fundamental information for resolving macroalgal taxonomy, while simultaneously supporting sustainable coastal resource management and conservation strategies in tropical waters.  
Co-Authors Nurmiyati Nurmiyati Nurul Khotimah Rina Sri Kasiamdari Sutarno Sutarno