UTOMO KARTOSUWONDO
Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor

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NGENGAT PARASITOID (Lepidoptera : Epipyropidae) PADA WERENG PUCUK METE DI PERTANAMAN JAMBU METE DI PULAU LOMBOK BAMBANG SUPENO; DAMAYANTI BUCHORI; PUDJIANTO PUDJIANTO; UTOMO KARTOSUWONDO; CHRISTIAN H. SCHULZE
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 15, No 1 (2009): Maret 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v15n1.2009.16-23

Abstract

ABSTRAKWereng pucuk mete, Sanurus indecora (Homoptera : Flatidae),merupakan hama utama tanaman jambu mete di pulau Lombok. Berbagaicara pengendalian telah dilakukan baik secara kimiawi maupun biologi.Pengendalian biologis yang telah banyak digunakan adalah pemanfaatandan eksplorasi musuh alami yang mencakup parasitoid, patogen danpredator. Salah satu musuh alami wereng daun (leafhoppers) dan werengpohon (planthoppers) yang masih belum diteliti di Indonesia dan baru 20spesies yang ada di di dunia adalah Epipyropidae. Ektoparasitoid familiEpipyropidae yang berasosiasi dengan imago S. indecora telah ditemukanpertama di Indonesia, khususnya di Pulau Lombok. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan ngengat parasitoid pada inang S.indecora pada pertanaman jambu mete di lahan kering Pulau Lombok.Penelitian ini difokuskan pada dua kegiatan utama, yaitu pengambilansampel di lapang dan pengamatan laboratorium. Lokasi penelitian beradadi tiga desa di wilayah Kecamatan Gangga, Kayangan, dan Bayan.Penelitian dilakukan selama musim kemarau 2007 (Mei hingga Oktober2007) dan musim hujan (November 2007 hingga April 2008) di tiga kebunjambu mete milik petani yang ditanam secara monokultur. Dari penelitianini dapat diberikan beberapa kesimpulan, yaitu : wereng pucuk mete S.indecora berkembang baik pada musim kemarau (April hingga September)dan cenderung menurun pada saat musim hujan (Oktober hingga Maret),dengan populasi tinggi dicapai pada bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2007.Larva ektoparasitoid Epypiropidae menyerang S. indecora jantan danbetina yang bersifat soliter dan atau gregarius. Laju parasitisasiEpipyropidae pada S. indecora jantan lebih kecil daripada betina, yaituberkisar 5,89 – 12,16% dan betina berkisar 15,23 – 19,23%. LarvaEpipyropidae tidak dapat menekan laju pertumbuhan populasi S. indecoradi pertanaman monokultur jambu mete di pulau Lombok. Denganperkataan lain bahwa semakin tinggi populasi S. indecora semakin rendahlaju parasitisasi yang ditemukan.Kata kunci : Anacardium occidentale, Sanurus indecora, ngengatparasitoid, EpipyropidaeABSTRACTParasitoid moth (Lepidoptera : Epipyropidae) on cashewplanthopper at cashew plantation in LombokSanurus indecora Jacobi is a serious pest attacking cashewplantation in Lombok Island. A number of natural enemies of flatids werefound on cashew plantation such as predator, pathogen, and parasitoid. Allmembers  of  Epipyropidae  (Lepidoptera)  are  ectoparasitoid  onplanthoppers and leafhoppers (Homoptera). The first report onEpipyropidae in Indonesia was documented, in Lombok whereEpipyropidae parasitized S. indecora. Study was conducted to determinethe prevalence of parasitoid moth on S. indecora at Lombok uplandcashew plantations. This experiment was conducted on May 2007 untilApril 2008 in three village areas of Gangga, Kayangan, and Bayandistricts. The results showed that population of Sanurus indecora increasesgradually from April until October (dry season) and decreases fromNovember until March (rainy season), with the highest population occursin August to October. Epipyropidae attacks both male and female of S.indecora J. Parasitation rate of male ranges from 0.38 – 46.00% with anaverage of 8.96%. Parasitation rate of female varies from 8.77 - 38.52%with an average of 17.45%. Epipyropidae is a solitary and or gregariousparasitoid. The parasitation rate was negatively correlated with S. indecorapopulation. The numbers of Epipyropidae larvae were correlated with thenumbers of S. indecora infected.Key words : Anacardium occidentale, Sanurus indecora, parasitoid moth,Epipyropidae
NGENGAT PARASITOID (Lepidoptera : Epipyropidae) PADA WERENG PUCUK METE DI PERTANAMAN JAMBU METE DI PULAU LOMBOK BAMBANG SUPENO; DAMAYANTI BUCHORI; PUDJIANTO PUDJIANTO; UTOMO KARTOSUWONDO; CHRISTIAN H. SCHULZE
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 15, No 1 (2009): Maret 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v15n1.2009.16-23

Abstract

ABSTRAKWereng pucuk mete, Sanurus indecora (Homoptera : Flatidae),merupakan hama utama tanaman jambu mete di pulau Lombok. Berbagaicara pengendalian telah dilakukan baik secara kimiawi maupun biologi.Pengendalian biologis yang telah banyak digunakan adalah pemanfaatandan eksplorasi musuh alami yang mencakup parasitoid, patogen danpredator. Salah satu musuh alami wereng daun (leafhoppers) dan werengpohon (planthoppers) yang masih belum diteliti di Indonesia dan baru 20spesies yang ada di di dunia adalah Epipyropidae. Ektoparasitoid familiEpipyropidae yang berasosiasi dengan imago S. indecora telah ditemukanpertama di Indonesia, khususnya di Pulau Lombok. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan ngengat parasitoid pada inang S.indecora pada pertanaman jambu mete di lahan kering Pulau Lombok.Penelitian ini difokuskan pada dua kegiatan utama, yaitu pengambilansampel di lapang dan pengamatan laboratorium. Lokasi penelitian beradadi tiga desa di wilayah Kecamatan Gangga, Kayangan, dan Bayan.Penelitian dilakukan selama musim kemarau 2007 (Mei hingga Oktober2007) dan musim hujan (November 2007 hingga April 2008) di tiga kebunjambu mete milik petani yang ditanam secara monokultur. Dari penelitianini dapat diberikan beberapa kesimpulan, yaitu : wereng pucuk mete S.indecora berkembang baik pada musim kemarau (April hingga September)dan cenderung menurun pada saat musim hujan (Oktober hingga Maret),dengan populasi tinggi dicapai pada bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2007.Larva ektoparasitoid Epypiropidae menyerang S. indecora jantan danbetina yang bersifat soliter dan atau gregarius. Laju parasitisasiEpipyropidae pada S. indecora jantan lebih kecil daripada betina, yaituberkisar 5,89 – 12,16% dan betina berkisar 15,23 – 19,23%. LarvaEpipyropidae tidak dapat menekan laju pertumbuhan populasi S. indecoradi pertanaman monokultur jambu mete di pulau Lombok. Denganperkataan lain bahwa semakin tinggi populasi S. indecora semakin rendahlaju parasitisasi yang ditemukan.Kata kunci : Anacardium occidentale, Sanurus indecora, ngengatparasitoid, EpipyropidaeABSTRACTParasitoid moth (Lepidoptera : Epipyropidae) on cashewplanthopper at cashew plantation in LombokSanurus indecora Jacobi is a serious pest attacking cashewplantation in Lombok Island. A number of natural enemies of flatids werefound on cashew plantation such as predator, pathogen, and parasitoid. Allmembers  of  Epipyropidae  (Lepidoptera)  are  ectoparasitoid  onplanthoppers and leafhoppers (Homoptera). The first report onEpipyropidae in Indonesia was documented, in Lombok whereEpipyropidae parasitized S. indecora. Study was conducted to determinethe prevalence of parasitoid moth on S. indecora at Lombok uplandcashew plantations. This experiment was conducted on May 2007 untilApril 2008 in three village areas of Gangga, Kayangan, and Bayandistricts. The results showed that population of Sanurus indecora increasesgradually from April until October (dry season) and decreases fromNovember until March (rainy season), with the highest population occursin August to October. Epipyropidae attacks both male and female of S.indecora J. Parasitation rate of male ranges from 0.38 – 46.00% with anaverage of 8.96%. Parasitation rate of female varies from 8.77 - 38.52%with an average of 17.45%. Epipyropidae is a solitary and or gregariousparasitoid. The parasitation rate was negatively correlated with S. indecorapopulation. The numbers of Epipyropidae larvae were correlated with thenumbers of S. indecora infected.Key words : Anacardium occidentale, Sanurus indecora, parasitoid moth,Epipyropidae
Wereng pucuk mete Sanurus indecora J (Hemiptera: Flatidae) sebagai inang ngengat parasitoid (Epipyropidae : Lepidoptera) di pertanaman mete pulau lombok Bambang Supeno; Pudjianto Pudjianto; Utomo Kartosuwondo
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 4 No 2 (2007): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1215.474 KB) | DOI: 10.5994/jei.4.2.98

Abstract

This research was conducted in three areas, which has different in altitudes;  those areas are Gangga (50 m), Kayangan (4 m) and Bayan (170 m) above sea levels. The aim of this research was to observe monoculture system of cashew plantations from May 2007 until April 2008. The results of this research were (1) the number of Sanurus indecora J collected from the fields are 38.619 adults, which consist of 19.153 adult of green Sanurus and 19.466 adult of white Sanurus, (2) the number of Sanurus parasitited by Epipyropidae are 5.961 adult from 38.619, (3) the number of white Sanurus infested by Epipyropidae are 3.902 adult and 2.059 adult of green Sanurus, (4) white Sanurus is preferred by Epipyropidae than green Sanurus. Around 20 percent of white Sanurus adult are infested by Epipyropidae, (5) the parsitism of female Sanurus is higher compare to male.
Implikasi keberadaan agens hayati Neochetina eichhorniae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) terhadap eceng gondok Sapdi Sapdi; Damayanti Buchori; Utomo Kartosuwondo; S. Tjitrosemito; Bandung Sahari
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 4 No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1058.882 KB) | DOI: 10.5994/jei.4.1.10

Abstract

The effectiveness of Neochetina eichhorniae as a biocontrol agent of waterhyacinth was evaluated in West Java and DKI Jakarta. The objective of this research was to study the implication of the existence of N. eichhorniae on waterhyacinth. Research was conducted in several freshwater ecosystem infested by waterhyacinth and N. eichhorniae, including Cibinong and Lido lakes (Bogor District), Muara Angke Sanctuary (North Jakarta), and Citarum Hulu river (Purwakarta District), conducted during April to August 2004. The impact of N. eichhorniae on waterhyacinth was evaluated by leaf damage intensity and growth parameter of the plant. Results showed that there was no correlation between waterhyacinth and the occurrence of the N. eichhorniae. The population of N. eichhorniae adults was significantly low in any locations studied. Thus, the existence of the biocontrol agent can not result in decreasing of waterhyacinth population.
Persebaran agens hayati Neochetina spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) di jawa barat dan DKI jakarta Sapdi Sapdi; Damayanti Buchori; Utomo Kartosuwondo; S. Tjitrosemito; Bandung Sahari
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 3 No 1 (2006): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (253.527 KB) | DOI: 10.5994/jei.3.1.20

Abstract

The establishment of Neochetina spp. as biocontrol agent of waterhyacinth are related to the weevil’s ability to disperse and to increase their population sizes. The objective of this research was to study the distribution and abundance of Neochetina spp. at several areas in West Java and DKI Jakarta. The field research was done in several freshwater ecosystem infested by waterhyacinth, including Cibinong and Lido lakes in Bogor, irigation canal in Karawang, Muara Angke Sanctuary in North Jakarta, and Citarum Hulu river in Purwakarta, during April to August 2004. Coordinate and elevation of the research sites where N. eichhorniae and N. bruchi found were reported, while their abundances were observed by direct hand-collection technique. The results of the research showed that N. eichhorniae was widely distributed and established in most sampling sites, except in Karawang, whereas N. bruchi was not found in any sampling sites. Our observations also indicated that N. eichhorniae was distributed passively so that the weevil couldn’t colonize isolated habitats or locations.