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All Journal JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Konversi Info-Teknik Communications in Science and Technology Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan
Primata Mardina
Program Studi Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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EKSTRAKSI SILIKA DARI ABU SEKAM PADI DENGAN PELARUT KOH Galang Fajar Agung M; Muhammad Rizal Hanafie Sy; Primata Mardina
Konversi Vol 2, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v2i1.125

Abstract

Sekam padi sebagai limbah yang berlimpah khususnya di negara agraris, adalah salah satu sumber penghasil silika terbesar. Sekam padi mengandung sekitar 90%-98% silika setelah mengalami pembakaran sempurna. Pengambilan silika dari abu sekam padi dilakukan dengan proses ekstraksi padat cair menggunakan larutan alkali sebagai pelarut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi larutan alkali dan waktu operasi terhadap yield dari silika. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium. Sepuluh gram abu sekam padi dimasukkan ke dalam 60 mL larutan alkali dengan konsentrasi tertentu (5%w/w, 10% w/w dan 15% w/w) untuk diekstrak kandungan silika dengan waktu operasi tertentu (30, 60 dan 90 menit). Setelah proses ekstraksi selesai, larutan tersebut ditambahkan larutan HCl 1 N untuk mengendapkan silika. Silika yang terbentuk kemudian dipisahkan dari sisa larutan dengan penyaringan. Untuk menghilangkan kelembaban pada silika yang dihasilkan, maka dilanjutkan dengan proses pengeringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan yield silika terbesar adalah 50,49% terjadi pada KOH 10% dan waktu ekstraksi 90 menit.  Keywords: abu sekam padi, silika, KOH  Rice husks, the most abundant waste material in agricultural country, is the one of the silica rich raw materials. Rice husks contain about 90%-98% of silica after completed combustion. Recovery silica from ash of  rice husks was done by solid-liquid extraction using alkali solution. Different concentration of alkali solution (5% w/w, 10% w/w and 10% w/w) and different operation time (30, 60 and 90 minutes) were used to investigate their influence on yields of silica. The extraction process was carried out in laboratory scale. After extraction, process was continued by acidic solidification, filtration and drying. The result showed the biggest yield of  silica was 50, 49% at 10% KOH for 90 minutes . Keywords: ash of rice husks, silica, KOH
PENENTUAN KOEFISIEN TRANSFER MASSA EKSTRAKSI KALIUM DARI ABU BATANG PISANG Primata Mardina; Ajang Gunawan; Muhammad Imam Nugraha
Konversi Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Oktober 2012
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v1i1.116

Abstract

 Abstrak-Kalium sebagai mineral alam bisa didapatkan dari batang pisang dengan cara ekstraksi padat-cair pada abu batang pisang menggunakan pelarut methanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu pada proses ekstraksi kalium dari abu batang pisang koefisien transfer massa proses tersebut. Proses ekstraksi ini dilakukan secara batch pada labu leher tiga yang dilengkapi dengan motor pengaduk, pendingin balik, termometer dan media pemanas. Abu batang pisang sebanyak 25 gram dan metanol 250 mL dimasukkan ke dalam labu leher tiga sebagai sampel. Ekstraksi dimulai dengan memanaskan sampel sampai suhu yang diinginkan, yaitu 30oC, 45 oC dan 60 oC, kemudian motor pengaduk dijalankan pada kecepatan yang telah ditentukan. Sampel diambil dalam selang waktu tertentu 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 180 dan 240 menit. Dari proses ekstraksi kalium dapat diketahui koefisien transfer massa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien transfer massa semakin besar dengan semakin tinggi suhu operasi. Nilai koefisien transfer massa terbesar adalah 0,0235/menit pada suhu 60oC. Hubungan antara koefisien transfer massa dengan variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhinya dapat dinyatakan dengan persamaan dalam bentuk kelompok tak berdimensi sebagai berikut: Dengan ralat rata-rata 6,56 % Keywords: Ekstraksi, kalium, abu batang pisang,  Abstract-Potassium is the one of chemical compounds which can be extracted from ash of pseudo stem of banana by methanol solid-liquid extraction method. The experiment investigated the effect of temperature on mass transfer coefficient of potassium extraction process from ash of banana’s pseudo stem. This experiment conducted in a three necks flask which equipped with mechanical stirrer, condenser, thermometer and heating mantle. The sample was heated to desired temperature, 30oC, 45 oC and 60 oC. and maintained constant while reaction time. The reaction was timed as soon as the mechanical stirrer was turned on. Samples were drawn at specified time interval 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes. The result showed increasing temperature increased mass-transfer coefficient. The highest value of mass-transfer coefficient was 0,0235 /minute at 60oC.The correlation between mass transfer coefficient and investigated variables is shown in the dimensionless equation below: The average error is 6.56 % Keywords: Extraction, potassium, ash of banana’s pseudo stem.
PEMBUATAN BRIKET BIOARANG BERBAHAN BAKU SAMPAH ORGANIK DAUN KETAPANG SEBAGAI ENERGI ALTERNATIF Yuli Ristianingsih; Primata Mardina; Aditya Poetra; Marini Yosi Febrida
INFO-TEKNIK Vol 14, No 1 (2013): INFOTEKNIK VOL. 14 NO. 1 2013
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/infotek.v14i1.313

Abstract

Almond tree (Terminalia catappa L.) leaves waste in Southern Kalimantan region has not been used optimally. This waste has a calorific value high enough so that it can be converted into a renewable energy alternative. The One alternative energy that can be generated from the conversion of almond tree leaves waste is biocharcoal briquette. This research aims to study the effect of composition and particle size of biocharcoal briquettes on the characteristics and quality of burning biocharcoal briquettes made from almond tree leaves waste. almond tree leaves waste initially dried in the sun then performed to form charcoal carbonization process. And then Formed charcoal was filtered with a variety of particle sizes (250,355 and 500 μm) and mixed with starch adhesive mixed with a percentage weight ratio of charcoal: heavy starch adhesive 90:10% w/w. Mixture of biocharcoal briquettes are then printed using a mold manual briquettes and the results analyzed. Analysis was conducted on the analysis of moisture content, ash content, volatile content, heating value. Start up time, the length of time to ignition briquettes and burning speed. The results were showed that the resulting biocharcoal briquettes have characteristics of water content from '.'7 to 2.92%, from 39.'4 to 4'.'0% volatile content, ash content 0.22 to 0.52% and a calorific value of 574'-6308 cal / gram. As for the analysis of the combustion quality of the results were obtained startup time from 4.'3 to 4.26 min, 97-'24 min duration of combustion and burning rate of 0.''8 to 0.'60 g / min.
Bioethanol Production from Cassava Peel Treated with Sulfonated Carbon Catalyzed Hydrolysis Primata Mardina; Chairul Irawan; Meilana Dharma Putra; Sylvera Bella Priscilla; Misnawati Misnawati; Iryanti Fatyasari Nata
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 24, No 1 (2021): Volume 24 Issue 1 Year 2021
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3691.64 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.24.1.1-8

Abstract

A large amount of Cassava peel as biomass waste is generated by agricultural activities, and it led to a new pursuit to exploit the utilization of biomass waste. This research aimed to study the potential of Cassava peel as raw material for bioethanol production. This study was performed in 2 main processes, acid hydrolysis, and fermentation. The experiment was initiated by conducting acid hydrolysis (100°C and 60 min) on Cassava peel’s starch using sulfonated carbon catalyst palm oil empty fruit bunch (5%-w/v) to produce 13.53 g/L glucose. The glucose contained hydrolysates then continued to ferment at 30°C. The effect of fermentation time (h), pH, and shaking rate (rpm) of cassava peel’s starch fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae was analyzed. The best result was found at pH 4.5 and 50 rpm for a 24 h reaction with 3.75 g/L of bioethanol concentration. This study revealed that Cassava peel is a promising feedstock for biofuel production.
SYNTHESIS OF NATURAL GELATIN-BASED HARD CAPSULE SHELL FROM CASSAVA STARCH AND HIBISCUS LEAVES GEL Primata Mardina; Usman Usman; Muhammad Apriliawan Yoga Anggara
Konversi Vol 11, No 2 (2022): OKTOBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.14258

Abstract

The aim of this work was to prepare gelatin-based hard capsule shells from natural sources, cassava starch and hibiscus leaves. The effects of composition between cassava starch and hibiscus leaves, and temperature on capsule characteristic was investigated. Extraction and gelatinization were the main method which used in this study. A different compositions of cassava starch and hibiscus leaves gel was added into boiling flask for gelatinization for 2 h. Temperature was maintained at 50, 70 and 100 oC. The optimum resultwas obtained at ratio 8:1 of cassava starch and hibiscus leaves gel with 100 oC operation temperature which has specification  7.60% of ash content, 11.24% of moisture, and 15 min dissolution time.According to the result, this study is expected to be used as a reference for the development of natural gelatin-based hard capsule shell synthesis. 
Corncob residue as heterogeneous acid catalyst for green synthesis of biodiesel: A short review Mardina, Primata; Wijayanti, Hesti; Tuhuloula, Abubakar; Hijriyati, Erita; Sarifah
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 6 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.6.2.2021.460

Abstract

The utilization of an appropriate catalyst in biodiesel production depends on the free fatty acid content of vegetable oil as a feedstock. Recently, heterogeneous acid catalysts are widely chosen for biodiesel production. However, these catalysts are non-renewable, highly expensive and low stability. Due to the aforementioned drawbacks of commercial heterogeneous acid catalyst, a number of efforts have been made to develop renewable green solid acid catalysts derived from biomass. Published literature revealed that the application of the biomass derived solid acid catalysts can achieve up to 98% yield of biodiesel. This article focused on corncob as raw material in solid acid catalyst preparation for biodiesel production. The efficient preparation method and performance comparation are discussed here. The corncob derived heterogeneous acid catalysts provides an environmentally friendly and green synthesis for biodiesel production.
Evaluation of stirring rate and pH on phenolic compounds recovery from palm kernel shell heavy phase bio-oil Wijayanti, Hesti; Mardina, Primata; Tuhuloula, Abubakar; Tri Ananda, Lidya; Aulia Rauf, Zahwa Syafa; Lutfi, Auliyani; Fadil Riyadi, Syahril
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1119

Abstract

This study aims to develop an efficient separation method for phenolic compounds derived from the heavy phase of bio-oil produced by the pyrolysis of palm kernel shell. Two variables were investigated during phenolic compound extraction using dichloromethane, i.e., stirring rate and pH of the solution. In both variables, the composition, yield, and distribution coefficient of the extracted phase were investigated. The results showed that the phenolic compounds' extraction favors high stirring rate and it obtained more results at more acidic conditions (lower pH). The best conditions for phenolic compounds were at 300 rpm of stirring rate and pH 4, which resulted in 77.88 % of yield and a 1.13 distribution of coefficient for the total phenols. The findings of this research will contribute to the better separation of phenolic compounds in bio-oil for improving its fuel characteristics as well as producing value-added chemicals.
Kinetic Study of Co-pyrolysis of Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) and Low-rank Coal (Lignite) Fadhillah, Hilda Nur; Wijayanti, Hesti; Mardina, Primata; Juwita, Rinna; Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Putra, Meilana Dharma; Madani, Zikri Daffa Aulia; Hendrawan, Rangga Dwi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v9i2.7195

Abstract

Recently, fossil fuels have still become a main source of energy and chemicals. Biomass conversion has become a promising technology to convert biomass into bio-energy and bio-chemicals. Kelakai, as a potential biomass, is abundant in wetland areas such as Kalimantan (Indonesia) and many other Asian regions, so that low-rank coal (lignite). Co-pyrolysis, the combined pyrolysis of biomass and lignite, is an attractive technique considering to its potential to enhance the efficiency of pyrolysis products. In this study, the thermal decomposition behavior and kinetic of co-pyrolysis of kelakai and lignite at various mass ratio composition (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1) were investigated. The experiments were performed on a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The TGA result indicated that the kelakai highly decomposed at 257-400℃, while lignite was 286-500℃. Their blends were in between. In addition, thermogravimetric data were subsequently applied to a kinetic analysis based on the Arrhenius equation, with a first-order reaction. The kinetic analysis results, including activation energy and pre-exponential factor, were determined for the kelakai and lignite mixture were found to be in the range of 10.22-10.98 kJ/mol and 0.0651-0.1351 min-1, respectively. Knowledge of thermal decomposition characteristics of kelakai and its kinetics is essential for optimizing pyrolysis design. The co-pyrolysis kelakai and lignite resulted in the highest bio-oil yield of  26.86 wt% at the ratio of  0:1 and the lowest yield of 12.51 wt% for the ratio of 1:0, when using mixed ratios of kelakai and lignite, the highest yield was 24.60% (1:3) and the lowest yield was 21.18 wt% (1:1).
Co-Authors Abubakar Tuhuloula Adelina I. Talalangi Adelina I. Talalangi, Adelina I. Aditya Poetra Ajang Gunawan Ajang Gunawan Aldipo Prayudi Aldipo Prayudi Andri Nugroho Andri Nugroho Aulia Rauf, Zahwa Syafa Chairul Irawan Deka Mardiana Hayati Deka Mardiana Hayati, Deka Mardiana Dessy Triutami Erna Noerhayati Fadhillah, Hilda Nur Fadil Riyadi, Syahril Galang Fajar Agung M Galang Fajar Agung M, Galang Fajar Hendrawan, Rangga Dwi Hendry Agusta Prathama Hendry Agusta Prathama, Hendry Agusta Hesti Wijayanti Hijriyati, Erita Iryanti Fatyasari Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari Jhon F. M. Sitinjak Jhon F. M. Sitinjak, Jhon F. M. Laila Amalia Sari Lutfi, Auliyani M. Reza Fahrizal M. Reza Fahrizal, M. Reza Madani, Zikri Daffa Aulia Marini Yosi Febrida Meilana Dharma Putra Mirza Chumaidi Mirza Chumaidi Misnawati Misnawati Muhammad Apriliawan Yoga Anggara Muhammad Imam Nugraha Muhammad Rizal Hanafie Sy Muhammad Rizal Hanafie Sy, Muhammad Rizal Norhayani - Rinna Juwita Sarifah Sylvera Bella Priscilla Tri Ananda, Lidya Usman Usman Yuli Ristianingsih