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The Perspective of Indonesian Law on E-Commerce: Validity, Liability and Dispute Settlement Lintang Yudhantaka; Ghansham Anand; Manik Lingkar Katulistiwi
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 7, No 3 (2020): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

In the era of globalization, the fast development of technology enables people to complete almost all activities with technological assistance. One of the activities is commerce. Commercial activity by means of electronic media is called e-commerce. Like ordinary commerce, e-commerce requires contract to order rights and obligations of parties involving in transaction. This study aims to discuss and to elaborate legal construction of e-commerce in addition to the liability of merchant for any loss resulted. In practice, only few consumers fully understand contents of contract. Many of them experience losses either because of their negligence in understanding contract or the fraudulent actions of business actors. This study employed legal research method with conceptual and statute approach. The study reveals that e-commerce is a form of e-contract. In addition, e-commerce is constructed as sales and purchase agreement since it arranges subjects, objects, and primary obligations of the pertinent parties. On the subject of liability of merchants, they must be liable if they were revealed violating contract and taking their consumers into loss.E-Commerce dalam Perspektif Hukum Indonesia: Keabsahan, Tanggung Gugat dan Penyelesaian SengketaAbstrakPada era globalisasi ini, perkembangan teknologi yang begitu pesat memungkinkan semua kegiatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan teknologi, termasuk kegiatan perdagangan. Kegiatan perdagangan tersebut menggunakan media elektronik yang biasa disebut dengan e-commerce (electronic commerce). Seperti kegiatan perdagangan pada umumnya, kontrak juga dibutuhkan dalam e-commerce untuk mengatur hak dan kewajiban pada pihak dalam melakukan transaksi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendiskusikan serta mengelaborasi tentang konstruksi hukum dalam kegiatan e-commerce dan tanggung gugat pelaku usaha terhadap kerugian yang telah ditimbulkan. Dalam praktiknya sangat jarang bagi para pihak untuk memahami isi kontrak, terutama konsumen, sehingga banyak diantara mereka yang mengalami kerugian baik itu diakibatkan karena kelalaiannya dalam memahami kontrak maupun tindakan pelaku usaha yang curang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum dengan pendekatan konseptual dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa e-commerce juga termasuk ke dalam kontrak elektronik (e-contract) dan e-commerce juga dikonstruksikan sebagai perjanjian jual beli karena pengaturan mengenai subjek, objek serta hak dan kewajiban pokoknya berasal dari para pihak. Dalam kaitannya dengan tanggung gugat pelaku usaha (penjual), ia bertanggung gugat apabila terbukti melanggar perjanjian yang telah disepakati dan menimbulkan kerugian bagi konsumen. Kata kunci: e-commerce, perjanjian jual beli, tanggung gugat.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v7n3.a3
ASAS KONSENSUALISME DALAM INFORMED CONSENT ANTARA DOKTER DENGAN PASIEN Lintang Yudhantaka; Mas Anienda Tien Fitriyah; Rosalia Dika Agustanti
Hang Tuah Law Journal April-September 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30649/htlj.v5i1.31

Abstract

The term informed consent or consent for particular medical treatment was familiar in medical world. It brought security for both doctors who did their profession and patients who got information about the illness they were suffering from along with any medical treatment they would have. In fact, there were still many problems issued due to less-well implementation of informed consent. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the characteristics of informed consent as the legal basis between doctor and patient and verify the establishment of agreement (i.e., consensus) in informed consent. It was a juridical-normative research with conceptual and statute approaches. The result of this study found that informed consent had distinctive characteristics compared with any other common agreements, in particular to its subject, object, and cause. Towards the establishment of consensus, it referred to the doctor’s offering to do any medical treatment and patient’s acceptance to have that treatment.
Artificial Intelligence Sebagai Subjek Hukum: Tinjauan Konseptual dan Tantangan Pengaturan di Indonesia Eka Nanda Ravizki; Lintang Yudhantaka
Notaire Vol. 5 No. 3 (2022): NOTAIRE
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ntr.v5i3.39063

Abstract

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) is an invention that is changing the face of the world. The emergence of machines with AI certainly has a disruptive effect on various social structures of society. Conceptually, the more intelligent a system is, the more likely it is that the system will take actions that have legal consequences. So, if this smart system can act and think like humans, does that mean the system must also have legal rights and protections like humans? Therefore, to meet the legal need for regulation of AI, it is necessary to have a deep understanding of how the concept of AI is a legal subject and the challenges in regulation that must be answered if AI is recognized as a legal subject in Indonesia. The research method used in this paper is descriptive analysis. This method uses literature research on the rules of law and legislation in force, and the data collected is analyzed descriptively. It is supported by using a statute approach and a conceptual approach to get complete results. The conclusion put forward in this paper is that several concepts allow AI to be considered a legal subject, in particular, the theory of legal entities and organ theory, which essentially states that the law can recognize legal subjects other than humans naturally (naturalijk person). Then, several challenges were found in the effort to regulate it, namely related to criminal liability and copyright.Keywords: Conceptual Review; Artificial Intelligence; Legal Subject. AbstrakArtificial Intelligence (AI) merupakan penemuan yang mengubah wajah dunia. Munculnya mesin dengan AI tentu menimbulkan efek disruptif terhadap berbagai tatanan sosial masyarakat. Secara konseptual, semakin cerdas suatu sistem, maka semakin besar kemungkinan sistem tersebut untuk melakukan tindakan yang menimbulkan akibat hukum. Maka, apabila sistem cerdas ini memiliki kapasitas bertindak dan berpikir sebagaimana manusia, apakah itu berarti sistem juga harus memiliki hak dan perlindungan hukum selayaknya manusia. Oleh karena itu, dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan hukum akan pengaturan tentang AI, maka diperlukan suatu pemahaman yang mendalam tentang bagaimana konsep AI sebagai subjek hukum dan tantangan dalam pengaturan yang harus dijawab apabila AI diakui sebagai subjek hukum di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam makalah ini adalah deskriptif analisis. Metode ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan terkait dengan kaidah-kaidah hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku serta data yang terkumpul dianalisa secara deskriptif. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang komprehensif, maka ditunjang dengan menggunakan pendekatan pendekatan statute approach dan conceptual approach. Kesimpulan yang dikemukakan dalam makalah ini adalah terdapat beberapa konsep yang memungkinkan AI dianggap sebagai subjek hukum, khususnya adalah teori badan hukum dan teori organ, yang intinya menyatakan bahwa hukum dapat mengakui subjek hukum selain manusia secara natural (naturalijk person). Kemudian, dalam upaya pengaturannya ditemukan beberapa tantangan, yaitu terkait pertanggungjawaban pidana dan hak cipta.Kata Kunci: Tinjauan Konseptual; Artificial Intelligence; Subjek Hukum.
Karakteristik Sukuk Negara Ritel Sebagai Objek Jaminan Fidusia Sri Wulandari; Lintang Yudhantaka; Fitri Nur Amalia
Jurist-Diction Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Volume 6 No. 2, April 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jd.v6i2.43934

Abstract

Abstract Retail State Sukuk (hereinafter “SR”) as a movable object based on statutory provisions and can be transferred actually fulfills the characteristics of being a fiduciary guarantee object. However, in its application, SR as a sharia investment product is still not used as an object of collateral in lending or financing, in contrast to bonds that have been accepted and used by banks as collateral. This study will discuss the characteristics of SR (especially the SR018T3 and SR018T5 series) in general and how the SR process can be accepted as an object of fiduciary guarantees. Statute and conceptual approach are applied in this legal research. The result shows that SR fulfills the characteristics of a fiduciary guarantee object because it can be transferred, guaranteed and traded in the secondary market. In order to make SR an object of fiduciary guarantee, it is necessary to pay attention to the tenor of SR. If the tenor is not considered, the SR value will be erased, because if the tenor has expired or the maturity date of the nominal value of the sukuk has been entered, it will be disbursed to the name registered as the owner of the sukuk on the Record Date. Keywords: Sukuk, Retail State Sukuk, Fiduciary. Abstrak Sukuk Negara Ritel (selanjutnya disebut SR) sebagai benda bergerak berdasarkan ketentuan perundang-undangan dan dapat dipindahtangankan sebenarnya memenuhi karakteristik sebagai objek jaminan fidusia. Namun dalam penerapannya SR sebagai produk investasi syariah masih belum digunakan sebagai objek jaminan dalam pemberian kredit ataupun pembiayaan, berbeda dengan obligasi yang sudah diterima dan digunakan bank sebagai jaminan. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai karakteristik SR (khususnya seri SR018T3 dan SR018T5) secara umum dan bagaimana proses SR dapat diterima menjadi objek jaminan fidusia. Pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual diterapkan dalam penelitian hukum ini. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu SR memenuhi karakteristik sebagai objek jaminan fidusia karena dapat dipindahtangankan, dijaminkan dan dijualbelikan di pasar sekunder. Untuk menjadikan SR sebagai objek jaminan fidusia perlu memperhatikan tenor SR tersebut. Jika tidak memperhatikan jangka waktu ini maka nilai SR akan hapus, sebab jika telah habis masa waktunya/ tenornya atau telah masuk tanggal jatuh tempo nilai nominal sukuk akan dicairkan kepada nama yang terdaftar sebagai pemilik sukuk pada Tanggal Pencatatan Kepemilikan. Kata Kunci: Sukuk, Sukuk Negara Ritel, Jaminan Fidusia.
Legal Policy on Artificial Intelligent (AI): Study Comparative from Global Practices Eka Nanda Ravizki; Lintang Yudhantaka; Rr. Chantika Vebyola Wijaya
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 7st International Seminar of Research Month 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3323

Abstract

AI development and its ever-growing practical use require changes in legal regulation, such as the need to restructure the legal system. Due to the absence of guidance concerning AI’s behavior from legislation, lawmakers must review the existing legal framework and adapt it to the changing needs of society. As an example, In Europe, in 2012, the European Commission initiated a RoboLaw Project with the main objective of investigating how emerging technologies in the field of bio-robotics (including AI) bear on the national and European legal systems. Then how about Indonesia? the discussions about AI and its influence on the law in Indonesia have not developed yet. It is also clear that Indonesia does not have any legal rules that discuss the existence of these smart robots. Therefore, there is an urgency to respond to the development of new technology in the world (especially in Indonesia) and to know the progress that has been made by other countries in welcoming the era of artificial intelligence. The result revealed that the governments in all-round the world faced similar challenges in conceptualizing criminal liability for AI crimes. They decided to focus on making legal policy regarding AI which can monitor the safety and fairness of AI, and adapt regulatory frameworks to encourage innovation while protecting the public
Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Riil terhadap Tanah dan Bangunan dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Perdata (Studi Penetapan Ketua Pengadilan Negeri Madiun Kelas 1B Nomor 02/Pen.Pdt.Eks/2021/ PN Mad) Gilang Setiawan; Shailawa Ramb Madani; Brina Saskya Paramita; Lintang Yudhantaka
Sultan Jurisprudence: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Hukum Vol. 3 No. 1 Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/sjp.v3i1.19032

Abstract

Executions often occur due to land disputes. The emergence of a land dispute can occur due to a lawsuit from a person or legal entity that contains a lawsuit for torts that have harmed the plaintiff's land rights. Like the real execution referred to in Article 1033 Rv is the execution of a judge's judgment ordering the emptying of fixed objects. This research is normative and empirical legal research, namely literature legal research that refers to legal norms contained in laws and regulations and field research to obtain information as supporting material, especially matters that affect the process of legal work in the implementation of real executions by the Madiun District Court. The process of carrying out real execution can be carried out if in a case there are parties who are negligent or unwilling to carry out court decisions voluntarily, this is based on Article 1033 Rv, Article 200 paragraph (11) HIR, and Article 218 paragraph (2) Rbg. In this paper, it is expected to provide a real picture of how the real execution of unlawful acts in the Madiun District Court Class I B. Execution is carried out on the basis of an application execution of execution. On the existence of the said petition the Chief Justice of Madiun District Court for his authority gave a reprimand (aanmaning) to the execution respondent. From the author's analysis, the execution was in accordance with the implementation of the execution by the Madiun District Court.
Legal Policy on Artificial Intelligent (AI): Study Comparative from Global Practices Eka Nanda Ravizki; Lintang Yudhantaka; Rr. Chantika Vebyola Wijaya
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 7st International Seminar of Research Month 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3323

Abstract

AI development and its ever-growing practical use require changes in legal regulation, such as the need to restructure the legal system. Due to the absence of guidance concerning AI’s behavior from legislation, lawmakers must review the existing legal framework and adapt it to the changing needs of society. As an example, In Europe, in 2012, the European Commission initiated a RoboLaw Project with the main objective of investigating how emerging technologies in the field of bio-robotics (including AI) bear on the national and European legal systems. Then how about Indonesia? the discussions about AI and its influence on the law in Indonesia have not developed yet. It is also clear that Indonesia does not have any legal rules that discuss the existence of these smart robots. Therefore, there is an urgency to respond to the development of new technology in the world (especially in Indonesia) and to know the progress that has been made by other countries in welcoming the era of artificial intelligence. The result revealed that the governments in all-round the world faced similar challenges in conceptualizing criminal liability for AI crimes. They decided to focus on making legal policy regarding AI which can monitor the safety and fairness of AI, and adapt regulatory frameworks to encourage innovation while protecting the public
Tinjauan Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Potensi Gugatan Atas Kritik Terhadap Produk/Jasa di Media Sosial Madha Wijaya Hastabrata; Lintang Yudhantaka
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v5i6.5416

Abstract

Dalam penulisan skripsi ini, penulis ingin mengkaji polemik yang terjadi akibat konsumen menyampaikan kritiknya kepada pelaku usaha. Praktik ulasan ini menimbulkan perdebatan di kalangan masyarakat, karena sebagian pelaku usaha merasa bahwa kegiatan ulasan ini justru mencemarkan nama baik pelaku usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran ulasan sebagai media ekspresi pendapat dan keluhan konsumen, serta untuk mengkaji pembatasan yang relevan dalam memberikan ulasan yang konstruktif terhadap produk barang atau jasa di platform media sosial, dan untuk menentukan perlindungan hukum yang dapat diberikan kepada konsumen yang berpartisipasi dalam memberikan ulasan produk barang atau jasa di media sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan, serta memanfaatkan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan non-hukum yang relevan, seperti literatur dan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait. Hasil studi ini  menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen dalam kebebasan berpendapat saat memberikan ulasan yang jujur terhadap layanan di media sosial merupakan bagian dari hak asasi manusia, yang dilindungi oleh Pasal 4 huruf (d) Undang-Undang No.8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Meskipun demikian, konsumen harus mematuhi batasan-batasan tertentu, termasuk etika bisnis, norma kesusilaan, dan norma hukum yang berlaku saat menyampaikan kritik.
Implementasi Pemberian Dispensasi Kawin di Pengadilan Negeri Jombang Andini Permatasari; Lintang Yudhantaka
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 6 No 6 (2025): Tema Hukum Keluarga
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v6i6.927

Abstract

The minimum age limit for marriage for both men and women is 19 (nineteen) years. However, under certain conditions, a person who has not met this age limit may apply for dispensation to marry. This study aims to analyze the process of filing an application for dispensation of marriage at the Jombang District Court and the reasons that form the basis for the Judge's decision. Based on PERMA Number 5 of 2019, marriage dispensation is granted by considering the best interests of the child. This study explains the procedure for applying for marriage dispensation at the Jombang District Court, which is carried out in several administrative stages until the trial, with the Judge's determination based on urgent reasons and sufficient evidence.
Perlindungan Hukum Kepada Gig Worker Gudang Logistik terhadap Wanprestasi oleh Penyedia Platform Digital dalam Hubungan Kemitraan Berbasis Gig Economy Regita Pramesti Cahyaningrum; Lintang Yudhantaka
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 6 No 5 (2025): Tema Hukum Perburuhan dan Ketenagakerjaan
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v6i5.1070

Abstract

Partnership relationship between digital platform providers with Gig Worker Warehouse Logistics Warehouse is carried out with a verbal work agreement. In its implementation there is an act of default, namely the policy of reducing the wages of Gig Worker warehouse logistics warehouse by the digital platform provider. Unilaterally by the digital platform provider which caused the Gig Worker to suffer material and immaterial losses. The digital platform provider will be held responsible by paying compensation and the need for a written employment agreement as a preventive legal protection measure for Gig Workers. Other legal protection is the urgency of establishing legal certainty of the legal status and guarantee of the fundamental rights of the Gig Workerin partnership relationship.