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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites amongst selected age groups within Okada, South –South Nigeria. Osazee Ekundayo Izevbuwa; Obhioze Augustine Akpoka; Ebere Julein Okafor-Elenwo
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v4i1.9549

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites from volunteered individuals in the study site. A total of 300 stool samples, comprising 150 females and 150 males were collected randomly from the study population in Ovia North-East Local Government Area in Edo State, aged between 1 and 60 years. The stool samples were aseptically collected and examined using both direct smear method and formol ether sedimentation techniques to determine the individual parasite load of the sampled population. The age group of 16-20 had the highest number of participants 102(34%) while the age group of 6-10, 51-55 and 56-60 had the least number of participants of 3(1%) respectively. Out of the 300 stool samples examined 87, (29%) were positive with intestinal parasites while 213(71%) were negative, not having any intestinal parasitic infection However the age group of 11-15(N=10) and 31-35(N=10) had the highest prevalence rate of 11.5%, while the lowest prevalence (1%) was found in individuals of ages 41-60 years. There was no intestinal parasites found among the individuals below11 years of age.. Of the 150 male candidates examined, 57 (65.5%) were infected with intestinal parasites. On the other hand, their female counterparts had a total prevalence of 34.5%. A total number of six parasitic species were isolated from the fecal specimens. These were Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Strongyloides stercolaris, Entamoeba coli, Hookworms and Entamoeba histolytica. Ascaris lumbricoides had the highest prevalence rate (12%), while Trichuris trichiura and Strongyloides stercolaris had the least prevalence rate (1%) respectively. The intestinal parasite infection and age were negatively correlated and there was a significant difference between the male and female infection rates (p<0.05).
Microbiological Assessment of Roasted Dried Periwinkle (Tympanotonus Fuscatus) Sold in Yenagoa Bayelsa State Obhioze Augustine Akpoka
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 4 No. (2) (2020): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The microbial load of dried periwinkle(tympanotonus fuscatus) sold in Opolo market, Swali market and Kpansia market in Yenagoa were assessed and the microorganisms isolated were identified. Three samples were bought from Opolo market, Swali market and Kpansia market respectively were assessed. Total bacterial populations of the samples from Opolo market range from 37×10-5- 12×10-5 cfu/g, Swali range from 49×10-5 - 29×10-5 cfu/g, while Kpansia market range from 38×10-5- 18×10-5 cfu/g. For fungi population, Opolo market range from 6×10-5 - 1×10-5 cfu/g, Swali market range from 9×10-5- 3×10-5 cfu/g, while Kpansia market range from 7×10-5 - 2×10-5cfu/g. The Samonella/Shigella counts from Swali market range from 13×10-5- 2×10-5 cfu/g, kpansia market range from 12×10-5- 3×10-5 cfu/g, while Opolo market range from 11×10-5-1×10-5 cfu/g. The coliform counts from Swali market range from 30×10-5 - 12×10-5 cfu/g, Kpansia market range from 28×10-5 - 10×10-5  cfu/g, while Opolo market range from 25×10-5- 11×10-5 cfu/g. For fungi population, Opolo market range from 6×10-5- 1×10-5 cfu/g, Swali market range from 9×10-5-3×10-5 cfu/g, while Kpansia market range from 7×10-5 - 2×10-5 cfu/g.The bacterial isolates belonged to six genera identified as: Klebsiella, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Shigella, Staphylococcus and Bacillus. The percentage (%) occurrences of the bacterial isolates were: Bacillus sp. (28.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (25%), Shigella sp. (21.4%), Escherichia coli (17.9%), Salmonella sp. (3.6%) and Klebsiella sp. (3.6%). Four (4) fungal isolates were obtained from the dried periwinkle samples and two belonged to the genus Aspergillus, while the other two isolates belong to the genera Penicillium and Mucor. The percentage (%) occurrence of the fungal isolates were: Mucor (41.6%), Aspergillus flavus (25%), Aspergillus niger (16.7%) and Penicillium (16.7%). There was no significant difference in total viable count between one market and another at 5% level of significance (p0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in total viable count between one seller and other sellers. The occurrence of Bacillus, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Aspergillus, and Mucor species are pinpointing the high pathogenicity and health hazard in consuming the dried periwinkle. Due to the soaring demand of this sea food (periwinkle) and the health hazard associated with microorganisms isolated from them as revealed in this study, additional concentration should be paid to safety through proper storage and handling processes and it is important that periwinkle should be properly cooked before consumption.