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All Journal Automotive Experiences
Abd Fathul Hakim Zulkifli
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Analysis of User’s Comfort on Automated Vehicle Riding Simulation using Subjective and Objective Measurements Muhammad Nur Aliff Mohd Norzam; Juffrizal Karjanto; Nidzamuddin Md. Yusof; Muhammad Zahir Hassan; Abd Fathul Hakim Zulkifli; Ahmad Azad Ab Rashid
Automotive Experiences Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.6913

Abstract

The naturalistic study investigated the potential influence of personal driving preferences (assertive and defensive driving style) on users; comfort when being driven in an automated vehicle with a defensive driving style. Adopted the Wizard of Oz design, the study involved three phases: pre-, during, and post-driven to measure their comfort, perceived safety, and likeness as well as motion sickness propensity through self-report questionnaire and heart rate variation. After answering a set of questionnaires, participants were exposed to simulated driving in an automated vehicle with a defensive driving style. A statistical analysis produced no statistically significant difference between assertive and defensive participants. This indicates an overall preference, perceived comfort without severe motion sickness propensity to the defensive driving style of the autonomous vehicle, regardless of participants’ personal driving styles.
Effect of Road Darkness on Young Driver Behaviour when Approaching Parked or Slow-moving Vehicles in Malaysia Nidzamuddin Md Yusof; Juffrizal Karjanto; Muhammad Zahir Hassan; Syabillah Sulaiman; Abd Fathul Hakim Zulkifli; Ahmad Azad Ab Rashid; Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi; Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim
Automotive Experiences Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.8206

Abstract

Traffic accidents at night are higher than in other periods, especially on a dark road. This study explores the impact of the dark road on driver behaviours when approaching a parked or slowed-moving vehicle at the front. An experiment was conducted on a racing track at night, with and without road lighting. Different sizes of obstacles were used to represent other vehicles as a lorry, a car, and a motorcycle. The results show that the obstacles can be detected by drivers much earlier with the help of road lighting, and they tend to increase their speed, probably preparing to overtake the obstacles.
Modulating Factors in the Development of Motion Sickness in Transportation Vehicles: Malaysia Case Study Mohd Iyad Akmal Mohd Indra Sefee; Juffrizal Karjanto; Muhammad Zahir Hasan; Fauzi Ahmad; Abd Fathul Hakim Zulkifli; Syabillah Sulaiman; Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi; Matthias Rauterberg
Automotive Experiences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Issue in Progress
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.14475

Abstract

Motion sickness (MS) is a common issue for vehicle passengers, characterized by symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, and discomfort due to sensory conflicts between the visual and vestibular systems. This study aims to identify and quantify the modulating factors contributing to MS in vehicles within the Malaysian context. A systematic questionnaire was conducted, incorporating subjective feedback from 634 participants. The results highlight key factors like seating position, visual activities, and environmental conditions that influence MS susceptibility showing the most prominent factors are from Visual Activity with a mean of 3.44 among the others contributing most susceptibility from the activities of Reading (83.2%) and Writing (79.2%). Older people and females seemed to report greater susceptibility to motion sickness. This vulnerability is shown to increase with age as those 45+ years and above show the highest susceptibility, reporting a 69% rate on curvy roads and 66% during reading, in contrast with those between 18-29 who report a 52% and 50% susceptibility rate. Females again reported consistently higher rates than males, with the difference being larger in situations involving rear-facing seating or tasks requiring significant visual focus, such as reading (female 63% vs. male 46%) and driving on curvy roads (female 68% vs. male 50%). These factors of rear-facing seating and tasks involving intense visual focus, like reading or watching videos, were the strongest modulators identified, with a strong aggravating influence on symptoms across all groups. The findings provide crucial baselines for engineering future vehicle layouts, optimizing cabin climate systems, and designing targeted mitigation systems required to support human comfort and accelerate Automated Vehicle (AV) adoption in developing transport infrastructures.
Co-Authors Ahmad Azad Ab Rashid Ahmad Azad Ab Rashid Fauzi Ahmad Juffrizal Karjanto Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim Matthias Rauterberg Mohd Iyad Akmal Mohd Indra Sefee Muhammad Nur Aliff Mohd Norzam Muhammad Zahir Hasan Muhammad Zahir Hassan Nidzamuddin Md Yusof Nidzamuddin Md. Yusof Syabillah Sulaiman Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi