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All Journal Biomolecular and Health Science Journal JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Jurnal Abdi: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Folia Medica Indonesiana
Rachman, Brian Eka
Division Of Infectious Tropics, Department Of Internal Medicine, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya
Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Predictor of Mortality COVID-19 in Two Referral Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia Usman Hadi; Bramanton; Tri Pudy Asmarawati; Musofa Rusli; Nasronudin; Brian Eka Rachman; M. Vitanata Arfijanto
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17659

Abstract

Introduction: World Health Organization had identified COVID-19 in January 2019. This disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which spread throughout the world and became a pandemic on March 20, 2020. COVID-19 is still a health problem because it has not clear whether the patients will be cured and survive from the disease or not. This study aims to determine the predictors of mortality from COVID-19 at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital and Universitas Airlangga Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia.Method: This study was conducted in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital (referral hospital for COVID-19, 1500 beds) and Universitas Airlangga Hospital (Referal Hospital for COVID-19, 600 beds). The study used data on patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized at these two referral hospitals. Predictors of mortality were analyzed using logistic regressions.Result: There were 247 COVID-19 patients enrolled in this study, all patients were tested positive PCR SARS-CoV-2. The main complaints were cough, nasal congestion, dyspnea, and fever. Significant predictor mortality in this study were age >60 years old (OR: 3.24, 95% CI, 1.36 - 7.70), chronic kidney disease (OR: 5.71, 95% CI, 2.05 - 15.89), obesity (OR: 8.22, 95% CI,1.5 - 54.17), malignancy (OR: 6.025, 95% CI, 1.1- 33.00), coronary heart disease (OR: 5.31, 95% CI, 1.28 - 21.98) , and C-reactive protein >10 mg/L (OR 4.603, 95% CI, 2.03 - 10.44).Conclusions: Obesity and the presence of malignancy, chronic kidney disease, heart disease and age >60 yearsold are the strongest predictors of mortality in people with COVID-19, despite high CRP results.
The Bacterial Pneumonia Characteristics based on Climate and Meteorological Parameters in Indonesia, the Tropical Country: A Preliminary Study Bramantono Bramantono; Brian Eka Rachman; Erika Marfiani; Neneng Dewi Kurniati; Muhammad Vitanata Arifijanto; Tuksin Jearanaiwitayakul
Biomolecular and Health Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021): Biomolecular and Health Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bhsj.v4i1.26926

Abstract

Introduction: As a tropical country, Indonesia has the potential to influence the characteristics of infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to see how the pattern of pneumonia on various weather components such as rainfall, humidity, and temperature.Methods: This study was carried by retrospective screening in the infectious ward in one of the tertiary referral hospitals.Results: A total of 876 cases of pneumonia from eight treatment rooms were included in the study. The highest pneumonia cases occurred in February with 239 (27.2%) cases followed in April and May with 169 (19.2%) and 159 (18.2%) cases respectively. After microbiological examination, bacterial growth was found in 191 cases. The highest number of bacteria was found in February with 62 (32%), followed by May with 33 (17.2%) and April with 31 (16.2%) samples. Most of the bacterial grown were gram-negative (94.3%), dominated by Klebsiella pneumoniae (35%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii 17.2%  and Pseudomonas aeruginosa  12%. On the examination of antibiotic sensitivity, it was found that amikacin has a consistently high sensitivity (90%) for pneumonia caused by most bacterial causes (Acinetobacter baumanii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli).Conclusion: The study did not show any remarkable bacterial patterns based on weather components such as rainfall, humidity, and temperature during the rainy season. However, increasing the surveillance period will provide a better insight into the bacterial pattern and can compare it in the rainy and dry seasons.
UPAYA MENYELAMATKAN MASYARAKAT DARI PENYAKIT HEPATITIS AKIBAT HIV MELALUI PELATIHAN KADER KESEHATAN Sensusiati, Anggraini; Rachman, Brian Eka
Jurnal ABDI: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL ABDI : Media Pengabdian Kepada masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/abdi.v11i1.39976

Abstract

Hepatitis co-infection in HIV patients is a significant health problem due to the similar route of transmission and the resulting impact on liver health. Hepatitis B and C virus co-infection is common among HIV-infected people in Indonesia. Hepatitis co-infection in HIV patients can lead to more severe liver disease and increased mortality. The working area of Puskesmas Mulyorejo is an area with a high number of migrants, considering that many large housing estates and universities are scattered in the area. Therefore, it is important to educate the community to increase their knowledge and understanding of Hepatitis infection in HIV patients, so that the incidence of this disease can be reduced. The activity method is carried out in the form of education and training for health cadres with the hope that they can improve their ability to provide education to the community. A total of 38 health cadres and 7 people from the Surabaya HIV Care community participated in this education and training. The results showed that 41 people (91.1%) had increased knowledge and ability to carry out education, with a percentage increase in knowledge of 25.89%.
Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Use in Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Patients at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia Erianto, Ahmad Veri; Asmarawati, Tri Pudy; Widodo, Agung Dwi Wahyu; Rachman, Brian Eka
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Highlights: • This study examined patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) to find the prevalent bacteria and the frequency of antibiotic use. • Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli sensitive to amikacin was found to be the most common pathogen in CAUTI, while ceftriaxone was the most commonly used antibiotic. Abstract Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most typical type of infection associated with healthcare. This infection constitutes a significant health problem due to its complications and frequent recurrence. The high annual incidence of CAUTI leads to infectious complications and a high cost of treatment. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria further complicate the problem because multiresistant pathogenic bacteria are often responsible for these infections. Moreover, the lack of a comprehensive case reporting system in Indonesia hinders the determination of CAUTI incidence. This study aimed to determine the bacterial profile and antibiotic use in CAUTI patients (n=22) at the Internal Medicine Inpatient Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. This retrospective descriptive study collected data from patient medical records to describe the incidence, type of bacteria, sensitivity patterns, and antibiotic use in CAUTI patients. The data collection process included collecting medical records, recording information on data collection sheets, and recapitulating and analyzing the data. The criteria for CAUTI diagnosis were a bacterial count of ≥105 CFU/mL and a catheterization that lasted more than 48 hours. Samples were selected using non-probability sampling, also known as saturation sampling. Meanwhile, variables analyzed in this study were the type of pathogenic bacteria, antibiotics used, age, and sex. Descriptive analysis was employed to analyze the data. The findings suggested that the most common bacteria were Escherichia coli, with eight of nine bacteria showing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production. Female patients aged 35–65 years were the majority of the CAUTI patients. Amikacin was the antibiotic with the highest sensitivity (90.9%), while ceftriaxone was the most common type of antibiotic administered to the patients. In addition, intravenous (IV) administration was the most common route of antibiotic administration, with an average therapy duration of seven days. In conclusion, identifying the type of pathogenic bacteria and performing antibiotic susceptibility testing can help minimize antibiotic resistance and prevent more severe complications in CAUTI patients.
Comparative Efficacy of Alcohol-Based Chloroxylenol, Triclosan, and Gentamicin in Inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation Ashari, Muhammad Jundi Aziz; Widodo, Agung Dwi Wahyu; Rachman, Brian Eka
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026): JANUARY 2026 (IN-PROGRESS ISSUE)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V17I12026.56-62

Abstract

Highlights: The combination of alcohol with triclosan and alcohol with chloroxylenol was effective in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus biofilms. Lower concentrations of gentamicin resulted in optical density (OD) values above the cut-off, suggesting that these doses were insufficient for biofilm inhibition and might potentially contribute to the persistence or stimulation of S. aureus biofilm growth.   Abstract Introduction: This study investigated the comparative efficacy of alcohol-based chloroxylenol, alcohol-based triclosan, and gentamicin in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Biofilms formed by S. aureus present significant clinical challenges due to their antibiotic resistance and persistence in nosocomial infections. Methods: This study used the crystal violet assay with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader to evaluate S. aureus cultures treated with various antimicrobials. The treatments included chloroxylenol (10, 100, 1,000 ppm), triclosan (0.3, 3, 30 µg/ml), and gentamicin (5, 10, 15 mg/ml). The experiment consisted of three groups based on treatment type (n=72), each with three dosage levels (n=8). It was analyzed using International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27. A probability p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The first group, chloroxylenol with alcohol, demonstrated significant inhibitory effects (n=24, p=0.007). The second group, triclosan with alcohol, exhibited the strongest antibiofilm activity (n=24, p=0.001). In contrast, the third group, gentamicin, showed no significant inhibitory effect (n=24, p=0.21). Conclusion: Chloroxylenol and triclosan exhibited significant inhibition (p=0.007 and p=0.001), whereas gentamicin did not (p=0.21). It also suggested that suboptimal gentamicin doses may contribute to biofilm persistence and adaptive responses in S. aureus. These findings underscore the potential of alcohol-based chloroxylenol and triclosan as effective agents for biofilm inhibition and highlight the need for reconsidering the role of gentamicin in treating biofilm-associated infections. Further research is warranted to explore optimal dosing strategies and the mechanisms underlying biofilm resistance.
Co-Authors Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo Ahmad Veri Erianto Ashari, Muhammad Jundi Aziz Asmarawati, Tri Pudy Bramanton Bramantono Bramantono, Bramantono Erianto, Ahmad Veri Erika Marfiani Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto, Muhammad Vitanata Muhammad Vitanata Arifijanto Musofa Rusli Nasronudin Nasronudin Neneng Dewi Kurniati Sensusiati, Anggraini Tuksin Jearanaiwitayakul Usman Hadi