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A study on the infection rate of coccidia and distribution of coccidiosis of village chickens in South and East Kalimantan ., Salfina; Hamdan, A.; Partoutomo, S.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The infection rate of coccidia and distribution of coccidiosis of village chickens were studied in South Kalimantan (the districts of Hulu Sungai Tengah, Hulu Sungai Selatan, Tanah Laut, and Tapin) and East Kalimantan (the districts of Pasir) . Six hundred and thirty one fecal and intestinal content of clinically infected young and adult birds were sampled, and microscopically and morphologically examined againts the Eimetia species . The result indicated that the average infection rate was 39 .3% where 40 .7% for young and 38 .5% for adult birds with an opg (oocyst per gram) ranging from 40 to 8,200 . Seven species of Eimetia were identified, i .e . E. tenella 23 .6%, E. maxima 13 .6%, E. necattix 11 .3%, E. acervtdina 6 .7%, E. mitis 3 .6%, E. mivati 2.2%, and E. brvnetti 0 .8% . Infection rate of E. tenella was the highest either in South Kalimantan or in East Kalimantan than the other species, while E. brttnetti was the lowest . Key words : Village chicken, infection rate, coccidiosis

A study on the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma evansi in buffaloes, Holstein Friesian and Ongole cattle Partoutomo, S.; Soleh, M.; Politedy, F.; Day, A.; Wilson, A.J.; Copeman, D.B.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A study on the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma evawi was carried out in 5 buffalo calves and 5 buffalo adults, 6 Holstein-Friesian calves and 6 Holstein-Friesian adults, and 6 Ongole calves and 6 Ongole adults, each ofwhich was divided into 3 infected and 2 uninfected buffalo calves and adults, and 3 infected and 3 uninfected calves and adults of Holstein Friesians and Ongoles. None of infected animals showed acute clinical signs along the course of the observation period, however roughness of the hair and skin, emaciation, weakness and loss of weight gains were the common clinical signs. Clinical signs of calves were more severe than adults, and those of buffaloes were more severe than cattle . Gross pathological changes were not specific . The mortality rate was 2/3 in buffalo calves, 1/3 in Holstein-Friesian calves and 1/3 in Ongole calves . None of infected adults died of infection. Buffaloes had longer and higher parasitemia than Holstein-Friesians or Ongoles. Erythrocyte counts of infected animals decreased to lower levels than controls, however they fluctuated in the normal values . Haemoglobin and PCV values of infected animals were significantly lower than those of non-infected controls, and those of calves were more severe than adults, and those of buffaloes were more severe than cattle . Infections resulted in loss of weight gains which was the greatest in buffaloes then followed by Holstein-Frisians and finally Ongoles. Key words: Trypanosoma etnnsi, pathogenesis, buffalo, Holstein Friesian cattle, Ongole cattle

The development of an âin vivo assay techniqueâ as a tool for measuring protective immune responses of vaccine against myiasis in sheep Partoutomo, S.; ., Sukarsih; Satria, E.; Eisemann, C.H.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An âin vivo assay techniqueâ is urgently needed for measuring protective immune effects of a myiasis vaccine in sheep. Such a technique is being developed simultaneously with the development of a vaccine against myiasis caused by the screwworm fly Chrysomya bezziana under a collaborative project undertaken by Balitvet, ITB and CSIRO (Australia) and funded by ACIAR. Experiments were conducted in naive sheep. C. bezziana larvae were allowed to develop on abraded skin in aluminium rings which had been attached to the sheep by means of a glue (Aibon) on the day prior to infection. Rings were arranged on clipped areas close to the mid line of the sheepâs back, two rings on the right side and two rings on the left. Four trials were performed, involving studies on the effects of including wet sponges in the rings to maintain humidity (Trial 1); the effects of sponge and blended meat as counting and transferring media during infection (Trial 2); the effects of the repellants citronella, eucalyptus oil and neem extract in assisting the recovery of larvae (Trial 3); and the effects of the reducing the infective dose from 50 to 25 1st instar larvae/ring and using a fine brush for counting and transferring larvae instead of using a forceps as in the previous groups (Trial 4) on the larval recovery rates (LRR). The results indicated that the inclusion of wet sponges in the rings, the use of sponge and blended meat as counting and transferring media during infection, and the application of repellants all increased the LRR to some extent; however, variations among individual rings remained high. On the other hand, the reduction of infective dose of larvae from 50 to 25 1st instar larvae/ring and using a fine brush for counting and transferring larvae sharply increased the LRR while substantially decreasing the coefficient variations. Key words : Myiasis, Chrysomya bezziana, larval recovery rate

A study on the infection rate of coccidia and distribution of coccidiosis of village chickens in South and East Kalimantan Salfina .; A. Hamdan; S. Partoutomo
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The infection rate of coccidia and distribution of coccidiosis of village chickens were studied in South Kalimantan (the districts of Hulu Sungai Tengah, Hulu Sungai Selatan, Tanah Laut, and Tapin) and East Kalimantan (the districts of Pasir) . Six hundred and thirty one fecal and intestinal content of clinically infected young and adult birds were sampled, and microscopically and morphologically examined againts the Eimetia species . The result indicated that the average infection rate was 39 .3% where 40 .7% for young and 38 .5% for adult birds with an opg (oocyst per gram) ranging from 40 to 8,200 . Seven species of Eimetia were identified, i .e . E. tenella 23 .6%, E. maxima 13 .6%, E. necattix 11 .3%, E. acervtdina 6 .7%, E. mitis 3 .6%, E. mivati 2.2%, and E. brvnetti 0 .8% . Infection rate of E. tenella was the highest either in South Kalimantan or in East Kalimantan than the other species, while E. brttnetti was the lowest .

The development of an “in vivo assay technique” as a tool for measuring protective immune responses of vaccine against myiasis in sheep S. Partoutomo; Sukarsih .; E. Satria; C.H. Eisemann
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

An “in vivo assay technique” is urgently needed for measuring protective immune effects of a myiasis vaccine in sheep. Such a technique is being developed simultaneously with the development of a vaccine against myiasis caused by the screwworm fly Chrysomya bezziana under a collaborative project undertaken by Balitvet, ITB and CSIRO (Australia) and funded by ACIAR. Experiments were conducted in naive sheep. C. bezziana larvae were allowed to develop on abraded skin in aluminium rings which had been attached to the sheep by means of a glue (Aibon) on the day prior to infection. Rings were arranged on clipped areas close to the mid line of the sheep’s back, two rings on the right side and two rings on the left. Four trials were performed, involving studies on the effects of including wet sponges in the rings to maintain humidity (Trial 1); the effects of sponge and blended meat as counting and transferring media during infection (Trial 2); the effects of the repellants citronella, eucalyptus oil and neem extract in assisting the recovery of larvae (Trial 3); and the effects of the reducing the infective dose from 50 to 25 1st instar larvae/ring and using a fine brush for counting and transferring larvae instead of using a forceps as in the previous groups (Trial 4) on the larval recovery rates (LRR). The results indicated that the inclusion of wet sponges in the rings, the use of sponge and blended meat as counting and transferring media during infection, and the application of repellants all increased the LRR to some extent; however, variations among individual rings remained high. On the other hand, the reduction of infective dose of larvae from 50 to 25 1st instar larvae/ring and using a fine brush for counting and transferring larvae sharply increased the LRR while substantially decreasing the coefficient variations. Key words : Myiasis, Chrysomya bezziana, larval recovery rate

A study on the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma evansi in buffaloes, Holstein Friesian and Ongole cattle S. Partoutomo; M. Soleh; F. Politedy; A. Day; A.J. Wilson; D.B. Copeman
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A study on the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma evawi was carried out in 5 buffalo calves and 5 buffalo adults, 6 Holstein-Friesian calves and 6 Holstein-Friesian adults, and 6 Ongole calves and 6 Ongole adults, each ofwhich was divided into 3 infected and 2 uninfected buffalo calves and adults, and 3 infected and 3 uninfected calves and adults of Holstein Friesians and Ongoles. None of infected animals showed acute clinical signs along the course of the observation period, however roughness of the hair and skin, emaciation, weakness and loss of weight gains were the common clinical signs. Clinical signs of calves were more severe than adults, and those of buffaloes were more severe than cattle . Gross pathological changes were not specific . The mortality rate was 2/3 in buffalo calves, 1/3 in Holstein-Friesian calves and 1/3 in Ongole calves . None of infected adults died of infection. Buffaloes had longer and higher parasitemia than Holstein-Friesians or Ongoles. Erythrocyte counts of infected animals decreased to lower levels than controls, however they fluctuated in the normal values . Haemoglobin and PCV values of infected animals were significantly lower than those of non-infected controls, and those of calves were more severe than adults, and those of buffaloes were more severe than cattle . Infections resulted in loss of weight gains which was the greatest in buffaloes then followed by Holstein-Frisians and finally Ongoles.

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