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All Journal Berkala Arkeologi KALPATARU Kalpataru Berkala Arkeologi
Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Balai Arkeologi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
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Petrographic analysis on prehistoric-protohistoric pottery of Northern coastal sites of central java: “early studies of environmental archaeology”. Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
KALPATARU Vol. 26 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v26i2.312

Abstract

AbstractPottery or often called gerabah is one of the results of technology that developed in the neolithic period, until now some people in Central Java in general and in the northern coast of Rembang regency in particular still found pottery craftsmen, one of them is in Balong Mulyo Village, Kragan District, Regency of Rembang. To get raw materials such as clay and sand, Balong Mulyo pottery craftsmen apparently make use of natural resources in their environment. As one artifact made from clay and sand materials, petrographically pottery can be analyzed type content and mineral percentage. The results of an analysis of petrographic samples of pottery fragments from prehistoric-protohistoric sites in the northern coast of Central Java such as Binangun, Leran, Plawangan and Tanjungan sites, have in common with the pottery samples from Balong Mulyo. This is one of the benefits of applying petrographic studies in archaeological research. In addition, the results of this petrographic study can provide an explanation that prehistoric-protohistoric humans in the northern coastal area of Central Java to meet their daily needs have utilized the natural resources of their environment, one of which is in pottery technology.Keywords: Pottery, Neolithic, Petrographic analysis, Raw material, Environment. Abstrak            Tembikar atau sering disebut gerabah adalah salah satu hasil teknologi yang berkembang pada masa neolitik, hingga sekarang sebagian masyarakat di Jawa Tengah umumnya dan di daerah pantai utara Kabupaten Rembang khususnya masih ditemukan pengrajin tembikar, salah satu di antaranya adalah di Desa Balong Mulyo, Kecamatan Kragan, Kabupaten Rembang. Untuk mendapatkan bahan baku seperti tanah liat dan pasir, para pengrajin tembikar Balong Mulyo rupa-rupanya memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam di lingkungan mereka. Sebagai salah satu artefak yang dibuat dari bahan baku tanah liat dan pasir, secara petrografis tembikar dapat dianalisis kandungan jenis dan prosentasi mineralnya. Hasil analisis petrografi sampel fragmen tembikar dari situs-situs prasejarah-protosejarah di kawasan pantai utara Jawa Tengah seperti Situs Binangun, Leran, Plawangan, dan Tanjungan, secara garis besar memiliki kesamaan dengan sampel tembikar dari Balong Mulyo. Inilah salah satu manfaat penerapan kajian petrografi dalam penelitian arkeologi. Selain itu, hasil kajian petrografi ini dapat memberikan penjelasan bahwa manusia prasejarah-protosejarah di kawasan pantai utara Jawa Tengah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari mereka telah memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam lingkungannya, salah satu di antaranya adalah dalam teknologi pembuatan tembikar.Kata Kunci:  Tembikar, Neolitik, Analisis petrografi, Bahan baku, Lingkungan
TEMUAN RANGKA MANUSIA AUSTRONESIA DI PANTURA JAWA TENGAH: “Sebuah kajian awal” Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 33 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1340.027 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v33i1.1

Abstract

Preliminary research in Lasem, Sluke and Kragan Districts, Rembang Regency, Central Java has been conducted in late 2012. The first problem in this study is to reviewing the Prehistoric Burials Site at North Beach area (PANTURA) of Rembang Regency. The objective is to seek possibility of discovering several prehistoric grave sites along the coast between Kragan and Lasem Districts. By surveying the surface along the coast, was found a few locations that are identified as prehistoric grave site such in the village of Leran, Sluke District and village of Binangun, Lasem District. Based on the survey results followed by excavation to learn more about the grave sites, especially the skeleton that was buried as the main data of this research. The skeleton findings those are typical of the Austronesian culture. This finding is significant data. Even in terms of paleoanthropological study known about tooth modification in some individuals, both of which are found on Binangun and Leran. Modified forms of the teeth look likes jasmine flower buds have never been found anywhere else in Indonesia.
EMUAN BELIUNG DI KAWASAN DANAU: Studi Kasus di Kawasan Beberapa Ranu di Jawa Timur Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 34 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1565.562 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v34i2.21

Abstract

The stone adze, both rectangular adze or pick adze, is one of the  Neolithic tools’s characteristics. In the Asia-Pacific region, stone adze is contemporaneous with the spreading of Austronesian speakers. In East Java  province two types of stone tools were found in the lakes region, that assumed as a past settlement. Stone adzes found in the lakes region sites are  new data that can complement the data related to the distribution of stone adze in Java, particularly in East Java. Is it true that the findings of the stone adze has a connection with the humans that inhabitants the lake area? Based of these research questions, this research need to be conducted. To answer the research question, spatial archaeological approach issued and also a petrographic analysis of several stone adze samples and stone adze’s rocks material from these research need to be conducted.
MODIFIKASI GIGI MANUSIA BINANGUN DAN LERAN: “Temuan Baru di kawasan Pantai Utara Kabupaten Rembang, Jawa Tengah” Gunadi Kasnowihardjo; Rusyad Adi Suriyanto; Toetik Koesbardiati; Delta Bayu Murti
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 33 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5728.628 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v33i2.26

Abstract

Something interesting about the findings of the human skeleton in Binangun and Leran Prehistoric Burial Sites is the modification of the human teeth that is extremely rare found in prehistoric grave in Java as well as in Indonesia. Such tradition is still practiced in Java and Bali by leveling the top or bottom front teeth (Jawa: pangur tradition). Forms of human teeth of Binangun, Leran 1 and Leran 2 are very unique, teeth of Binangun is tapered while human teeth of Leran 1 and Leran 2 shaped like a flower bud. Anatomically the shape of teeth can be altered by a person in the habit of using his teeth. But variations in tooth shape as found in individuals in the Binangun and Leran sites, Rembang regency, Central Java province, in general is the result of a tribal culture.
POLA PERMUKIMAN NEOLITIK DI KAWASAN DANAU GRATI KABUPATEN PASURUAN, JAWA TIMUR Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 32 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1034.648 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v32i1.43

Abstract

Study of Neolithic settlement pattern in Ranu Grati area at Pasuruan-East Java is a part of research series on the ancient settlements at the lakes area in East Java, conducted by author since 2008. Research has been csttied out every year in a row starting from Ranu Klakah, Ranu Gedang, Ranu Segaran, Ranu Bethok, and Ranu Grati. Eventhough in its early stage of research, the results are quite promising, both geoarchaeological and archaeological landscape as well as its artifactual data. Lake terraces as geo-archaeological data and artifacts such as pottery sherds, net-sinkers, and Neolithic adze are evidences of settlement in Grati Lake area.  
TEKNOLOGI GERABAH SITUS RANU BETHOK DAN RANU GRATI: “SEBUAH KAJIAN BERDASARKAN ANALISIS PETROGRAFI” Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 32 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2369.861 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v32i2.51

Abstract

Petrographic analysis is able to explain about the technology of pottery making, where the pottery come from and how to the pottery spread out. Petrographic analysis of sherds found either from the surface survey and excavations in the region of Bethok and Grati Lakes, can indicate whether the pottery found at the sites above have similar elements with the pottery marketed in the local market nowadays?. Based on the results of petrographic analysis can be concluded that the fragments of pottery found at both sites above have similar material elements of pottery now found in the local markets. Thus since long time ago pottery marketing from Besuk village production have reached the regional Tiris market within about 50 Km. Similarly, the pottery artefacts found at the Grati Lake are assumed to have originated from Keraton village production around 50 Km from the site.
GAMBAR CADAS KALIMANTAN TIMUR: Satu Bukti Seni Lukis Kutai Purba Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 28 No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2386.065 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v28i2.360

Abstract

Art including painting is an element of culture. Therefore art also becomes an object of archaeological research. Rock art paintings found in prehistoric caves in Kutai Timur regency of East Kalimantan Province are categorized as art paintings of prehistoric era. In prehistoric archaeology, arts and religion were difficult to be separated. Rock art paintings should be analized by religion approach and arts approach as well.
MENGGALI KEARIFAN LOKAL MELALUI KAJIAN ETNOARKEOLOGI Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Vol 29 No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4329.035 KB) | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v29i1.370

Abstract

Local wisdom inherited by our ancestors has gradually been abandoned by present generation. Local wisdom actually taught us to live harmoniously with the surrounding environtment. As such, the environtment should be well - preserved for human own purposes. Ethno-archaeological studies could be used to unearth local wisdom of certain community or ethnic group. Eventually, this will provide added value to archaeological research.
TEMBIKAR PRASEJARAH-PROTOSEJARAH DI KAWASAN PANTURA JAWA TENGAH: KAJIAN BAHAN BAKU BERDASARKAN ANALISIS PETROGRAFIS Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
KALPATARU Vol. 26 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pottery or often called gerabah is one of the results of technology that developed in the neolithic period, until now some people in Central Java in general and in the northern coast of Rembang regency in particular still found pottery craftsmen, one of them is in Balong Mulyo Village, Kragan District, Regency of Rembang. To get raw materials such as clay and sand, Balong Mulyo pottery craftsmen apparently make use of natural resources in their environment. As one artifact made from clay and sand materials, petrographically pottery can be analyzed type content and mineral percentage. The results of an analysis of petrographic samples of pottery fragments from prehistoric-protohistoric sites in the northern coast of Central Java such as Binangun, Leran, Plawangan and Tanjungan sites, have in common with the pottery samples from Balong Mulyo. This is one of the benefits of applying petrographic studies in archaeological research. In addition, the results of this petrographic study can provide an explanation that prehistoric-protohistoric humans in the northern coastal area of Central Java to meet their daily needs have utilized the natural resources of their environment, one of which is in pottery technology. Tembikar atau sering disebut gerabah adalah salah satu hasil teknologi yang berkembang pada masa neolitik, hingga sekarang sebagian masyarakat di Jawa Tengah umumnya dan di daerah pantai utara Kabupaten Rembang khususnya masih ditemukan pengrajin tembikar, salah satu di antaranya adalah di Desa Balong Mulyo, Kecamatan Kragan, Kabupaten Rembang. Untuk mendapatkan bahan baku seperti tanah liat dan pasir, para pengrajin tembikar Balong Mulyo rupa-rupanya memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam di lingkungan mereka. Sebagai salah satu artefak yang dibuat dari bahan baku tanah liat dan pasir, secara petrografis tembikar dapat dianalisis kandungan jenis dan prosentasi mineralnya. Hasil analisis petrografi sampel fragmen tembikar dari situs-situs prasejarah-protosejarah di kawasan pantai utara Jawa Tengah seperti Situs Binangun, Leran, Plawangan, dan Tanjungan, secara garis besar memiliki kesamaan dengan sampel tembikar dari Balong Mulyo. Inilah salah satu manfaat penerapan kajian petrografi dalam penelitian arkeologi. Selain itu, hasil kajian petrografi ini dapat memberikan penjelasan bahwa manusia prasejarah-protosejarah di kawasan pantai utara Jawa Tengah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari mereka telah memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam lingkungannya, salah satu di antaranya adalah dalam teknologi pembuatan tembikar.
HASIL EKSKAVASI SITUS MALANGSARI, BANYUWANGI: €ŒDATA BARU DOLMEN DI JAWA TIMUR€ Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Vol. 37 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : BRIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v37i1.108

Abstract

Generally in Indonesia and especially in Java, until now, in East Java dolmens are known to be found in, which is in Bondowoso and Besuki. Lately, it is known that dolmen are also found in the area of Banyuwangi Regency. One of the monuments from this megalithic tradition found in the area of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Malangsari, Banyuwangi, East Java. Based on information from the local community it is estimated that the Malangsari plantation area is the Dolmen Tomb Site. Physically, construction of the dolmen in this area only has a few interference because it is buried between 50-60 cm and covered by a coffee plantation which owned by PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII. However, some of the dolmens have been excavated by people looters. They were able to open the dolmen tomb simply by opening a stone without unpacking its construction. Dolmen that was found from the excavation at Petak D 55 Sidomaju Block, Afdeling Mulyosari, Malangsari, are still intact if it is seen physically and from the construction, but both the human remains and artifacts ware not found. It is a proof that this dolmen has been opened before. Nevertheless, Malangsari dolmen is a very interesting object to conduct research, because of its wide distribution area and there has not been done a comprehensive research for this object. In the future, this object is important to investigate, both for the development of archaeological research, as well as for the benefit of archaeological resource management in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Delta Bayu Murti Rusyad Adi Suriyanto Toetik Koesbardiati