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All Journal Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development
Widodo W Purwanto
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Engineering Social Sciences

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Pemodelan Sistem Dinamik Ketercapaian Kontribusi Biodiesel dalam Bauran Energi Indonesia 2025 Handoko, Hamdan; Sa'id, Endang Gumbira; Syaukat, Yusman; Purwanto, Widodo W
Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi Vol 11, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : SBM ITB

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AbstractBiodiesel industry in Indonesia commercially emerged in 2005 driven by concerns on energy security triggered by high oil price, increasing environmental demand to reduce CO2 emission, while leveraging on Crude Palm Oil feed stock availability. The Government of Indonesia mandated biodiesel to contribute 10.22 million kilo litre in 2025 energy mix target, beside current weak industry performance of 27% low utilization ratio of biodiesel plant installed capacity of 4.2 million ton per annum. A system dynamic model, called Indonesia Biodiesel Industry Dynamic Model, has been developed as a platform to study the structure and behaviour of the biodiesel industry enriched with inputs from biodiesel related experts panel discussion and interview and to simulate the impact of energy policy interventions, such as biodiesel subsidy, diesel subsidy reduction and removal, blending mandate, and diesel environmental tax to the performance of biodiesel production, industry profitability EBITDA and Carbon Emission Reduction (CER) during simulation period of 2005-2030. Based on the scenario 1 of MDIBI, targeted 10.22 million tones per annum contribution of biodiesel in 2025 Indonesia's energy mix would not be achieved with current structure and condition, mainly due to three factors, which are  (i) low mixture of biodiesel-diesel mandate, (ii) a relatively limited supply of CPO raw materials which must be allocated for competing demand from cooking oil, oleofoods, oleochemicals and biodiesel industries, and (iii) currently available limited public service obligation (PSO) market.Keywords: biodiesel industry, system dynamic modelling, energy policy, energy mix, Indonesian                biodiesel.
Development Strategies for Grid-Connected Utility-Scale Solar Photovoltaic to Increase Renewable Energy Penetration Budi Ariyadi, Surya; Purwanto, Widodo W
CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development Vol. 7, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The government of Indonesia has launched programs to decarbonize its power systems by replacing fossil fuel-based plants with renewable energy. Solar photovoltaic (PV) deployment faces economic and technical barriers despite abundant solar irradiance. This study evaluates techno-economic strategies for 10 MW grid-connected solar PV systems, comparing two scenarios: without Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and with BESS to reduce grid reliance. Key interventions were analyzed for their economic impacts, including tariff adjustments, carbon tax implementation, and competitive auction schemes. The results show that without BESS, the project achieves an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21.30%, making it highly feasible. However, including BESS lowers the IRR to 5.89% due to higher costs. Combining carbon tax and tariff adjustments improves feasibility, achieving a Profitability Index (PI) of 1.00 and an IRR of 14.74%. Competitive auctions further lower costs, enhancing the feasibility of BESS projects. While solar PV without BESS is economically viable, risks of capital cost increases require attention. For BESS projects, policy interventions such as auctions and incentives are essential. This study highlights strategic measures to accelerate solar PV adoption in Indonesia, providing insights for policymakers and investors to scale up renewable energy deployment effectively.
Feasibility Assessment of Energy As A Service With Third Party Ownership For Development of Utility-Scale Solar PV In The Consumer Goods Industry Puspadimiati, Winda; Purwanto, Widodo W
CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development Vol. 8, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Global awareness of climate change impacts has compelled the power sector to adopt renewable energy as a primary source of electricity, driving innovation in renewable energy business models. This study analyzes the feasibility of Energy as a Service (EaaS) with a Third-Party Ownership (TPO) scheme for utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) development in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. Four scenarios of utility-scale solar PV configurations under the EaaS model are evaluated: on-grid ground-mounted (OG-GM), hybrid ground-mounted (H-GM), on-grid floating (OG-F), and hybrid floating (H-F). All scenarios are developed under the assumption of utilizing the PLN grid through a power wheeling lease agreement. The optimal capacity for each scenario is determined using HOMER Pro, followed by an economic analysis to identify the most viable configuration. The results indicate that both on-grid and hybrid configurations can support the consumer’s objective of achieving 100% renewable energy usage. Among the evaluated scenarios, on-grid floating solar PV emerges as the most viable option, providing benefits for both consumers and EaaS providers, including potential electricity cost savings of 16% and avoided emissions of up to 41,299 tons of CO₂ per year. To fully achieve 100% renewable energy consumption, consumers must transition to hybrid configurations, enabling an emission-free electricity system and eliminating the need for Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) purchases. This transition can generate potential annual savings of USD 40,590.96, although it results in an increase in electricity costs of up to 117% due to the integration of battery energy storage systems without grid support. Overall, the implementation of the EaaS TPO model offers mutual benefits for both consumers and energy service companies and can serve as a catalyst for accelerating renewable energy deployment in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Budi Ariyadi, Surya Hamdan Handoko Puspadimiati, Winda Sa'id, Endang Gumbira Yusman Syaukat