Henny Hendarjanti
PT. ASTRA AGRO LESTARI Tbk.

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Potensi dan Upaya Mempertahankan Kefektifan Beberapa Entomopatogen dalam Mengendalikan Larva Oryctes rhinoceros Linn. di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Henny Hendarjanti
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatkan
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Hendarjanti H. 2021. The potential and efforts to maintain the effectiveness of several entomopathogens in controlling oryctes rhinoceros larvae in oil palm plantations. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 411-425.  Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Oryctes rhinoceros Linn. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is an essential oil palm pest. In the field, entomopathogenic control is less than optimal because the environmental conditions are not suitable. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential and efforts to maintain the effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae and Entomopathogens Nematodes (EPNs) for controlling O. rhinoceros larvae in oil palm plantations. The research has been conducted in immature oil palm plantations in Indragiri Hulu, Riau. The study used a non-factorial randomized block design with five treatments and three replications (EPNs: palm fronds mulch + no watering, palm fronds mulch + watering, palm fronds mulch + gunny sack + watering, Metarhizium anisopliae: palm fronds mulch + gunny sack + watering and control). Application of M. anisopliae with conidia density (1x106) with a dose of 0.15 l/m2 and EPNs 20,000 ij/m2. The application was carried out at the breeding site of rhinoceros beetle by spraying using a knapsack sprayer in the afternoon. The results showed that the pathogenicity of EPNs and M. anisopliae to larvae was 70.00 – 76.67% on the 24th day after application. On the first day after treatment, there was the death of larvae by EPNs. Application of M. anisopliae on larvae achieved death four days after application. The process of pathogenicity of EPNs in larvae was faster than that of M. anisopliae. The results showed that EPNs and M. anispoliae had an excellent opportunity to control O. rhinoceros and could be developed as an environmentally friendly and sustainable biological control.
Aplikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) pada pembibitan untuk menekan kejadian penyakit busuk pangkal batang kelapa sawit Henny HENDARJANTI; Henik SUKORINI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 90, No 2 (2022): Oktober, 2022
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v90i2.495

Abstract

AbstractGanoderma boninense is the main pathogen in oil palm plantation areas and can infect new plants, thereby shortening the economic life of each crop cycle. Until now, no adequate control has been found to minimize the incidence of basal stem root (BSR) disease. Preventive control strategy through replanting and applying Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma sp. since nursery can be an approach in managing BSR disease. This study aims to determine the effect of biocontrol agents' application of AMF and Trichoderma sp. at the nursery on the incidence of BSR in the field. The treatments assessed were types (MM, MR, and MT) and dosages (25, 50 and 75 g per seedlings) of AMF products and each treatment was replicated three times. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi was applied in the main nursery and at planting in the field. Observations were made on AMF and Trichoderma sp. spore density and AMF colonization at plants aged 4, 5, 6, and 7 years while the incidence of BSR was observed for ten years, from one year before replanting up to TM-5. The experimental design carried out was a randomized block design. The results showed that the MM-25 treatment was the best treatment in terms of AMF colonization percentage of 98 % and total AMF spores of 688 spores per 100 g soil at plants aged seven years. However, the population of Trichoderma sp. showed inconsistent numbers during the observation. Before replanting, the oil palm plantation area showed a BSR incidence of 21.37%. However, after replanting with the application of AMF and Trichoderma sp. on seedlings, the incidence of BSR became 0 until plants aged eight years (TM-5). In general, the application of AMF reduces the BSR incidence of oil palm in the field.[Keywords: biocontrol agents, basal stem rot, AMF, oil palm, replanting] AbstrakGanoderma boninense merupakan patogen utama di areal perkebunan kelapa sawit dan dapat menginfeksi tanaman baru, sehingga memperpendek umur ekonomis setiap siklus tanaman. Sampai saat ini belum ditemukan pengendalian yang efektif untuk meminimalkan kejadian penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB). Strategi pengendalian preventif melalui peremajaan dan aplikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) dan Trichoderma sp. sejak pembibitan dapat menjadi salah satu pendekatan dalam pengelolaan penyakit BPB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi agens biokontrol FMA dan Trichoderma sp. di pembibitan terhadap kejadian BPB di lapangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah jenis (MM, MR, dan MT) dan dosis (25, 50 dan 75 g per bibit) produk FMA dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular diaplikasikan di pembibitan utama dan saat tanam di lapangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kepadatan spora FMA dan Trichoderma sp. serta kolonisasi FMA pada umur tanaman 4, 5, 6, dan 7 tahun sedangkan kejadian BPB diamati selama sepuluh tahun dari satu tahun sebelum peremajaan hingga TM-5. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan MM-25 merupakan perlakuan terbaik ditinjau dari persentase kolonisasi FMA sebesar 98% dan total spora FMA sebesar 688 spora per 100 g tanah pada tanaman umur tujuh tahun. Namun populasi Trichoderma sp. menunjukkan angka yang tidak konsisten selama pengamatan. Sebelum peremajaan, areal kelapa sawit menunjukkan kejadian BPB sebesar 21,37%. Namun setelah dilakukan peremajaan dengan aplikasi FMA dan Trichoderma sp. pada bibit, kejadian BPB menjadi 0 sampai usia tanaman delapan tahun (TM-5). Secara umum, aplikasi FMA mengurangi kejadian BPB kelapa sawit di lapangan.[Kata kunci: agens biokontrol, busuk pangkal batang, FMA, kelapa sawit, peremajaan]
Aplikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) pada pembibitan untuk menekan kejadian penyakit busuk pangkal batang kelapa sawit Henny HENDARJANTI; Henik SUKORINI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 90 No. 2 (2022): 90 (2), 2022
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v90i2.495

Abstract

AbstractGanoderma boninense is the main pathogen in oil palm plantation areas and can infect new plants, thereby shortening the economic life of each crop cycle. Until now, no adequate control has been found to minimize the incidence of basal stem root (BSR) disease. Preventive control strategy through replanting and applying Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma sp. since nursery can be an approach in managing BSR disease. This study aims to determine the effect of biocontrol agents' application of AMF and Trichoderma sp. at the nursery on the incidence of BSR in the field. The treatments assessed were types (MM, MR, and MT) and dosages (25, 50 and 75 g per seedlings) of AMF products and each treatment was replicated three times. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi was applied in the main nursery and at planting in the field. Observations were made on AMF and Trichoderma sp. spore density and AMF colonization at plants aged 4, 5, 6, and 7 years while the incidence of BSR was observed for ten years, from one year before replanting up to TM-5. The experimental design carried out was a randomized block design. The results showed that the MM-25 treatment was the best treatment in terms of AMF colonization percentage of 98 % and total AMF spores of 688 spores per 100 g soil at plants aged seven years. However, the population of Trichoderma sp. showed inconsistent numbers during the observation. Before replanting, the oil palm plantation area showed a BSR incidence of 21.37%. However, after replanting with the application of AMF and Trichoderma sp. on seedlings, the incidence of BSR became 0 until plants aged eight years (TM-5). In general, the application of AMF reduces the BSR incidence of oil palm in the field.[Keywords: biocontrol agents, basal stem rot, AMF, oil palm, replanting] AbstrakGanoderma boninense merupakan patogen utama di areal perkebunan kelapa sawit dan dapat menginfeksi tanaman baru, sehingga memperpendek umur ekonomis setiap siklus tanaman. Sampai saat ini belum ditemukan pengendalian yang efektif untuk meminimalkan kejadian penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB). Strategi pengendalian preventif melalui peremajaan dan aplikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) dan Trichoderma sp. sejak pembibitan dapat menjadi salah satu pendekatan dalam pengelolaan penyakit BPB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi agens biokontrol FMA dan Trichoderma sp. di pembibitan terhadap kejadian BPB di lapangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah jenis (MM, MR, dan MT) dan dosis (25, 50 dan 75 g per bibit) produk FMA dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular diaplikasikan di pembibitan utama dan saat tanam di lapangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kepadatan spora FMA dan Trichoderma sp. serta kolonisasi FMA pada umur tanaman 4, 5, 6, dan 7 tahun sedangkan kejadian BPB diamati selama sepuluh tahun dari satu tahun sebelum peremajaan hingga TM-5. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan MM-25 merupakan perlakuan terbaik ditinjau dari persentase kolonisasi FMA sebesar 98% dan total spora FMA sebesar 688 spora per 100 g tanah pada tanaman umur tujuh tahun. Namun populasi Trichoderma sp. menunjukkan angka yang tidak konsisten selama pengamatan. Sebelum peremajaan, areal kelapa sawit menunjukkan kejadian BPB sebesar 21,37%. Namun setelah dilakukan peremajaan dengan aplikasi FMA dan Trichoderma sp. pada bibit, kejadian BPB menjadi 0 sampai usia tanaman delapan tahun (TM-5). Secara umum, aplikasi FMA mengurangi kejadian BPB kelapa sawit di lapangan.[Kata kunci: agens biokontrol, busuk pangkal batang, FMA, kelapa sawit, peremajaan]