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Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, dan Staphylococcus aureus Agustin Sri MULYATNI; Asmini BUDIANI; Darmono TANIWIRYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 80, No 2: Desember 2012
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractCocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), one of the most important export commodities from Indonesia, is widely planted with current total area of 1.6 million Ha, producing 500.000 metric tons of dry bean in 2011 . At the time of harvest, instead of seed approximately the same volume cacao husk is produced. The aim of the study was to assess the potential of cocoa husk extract as an antibacterial against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cocoa husk extract to the three test bacteria. Extraction of cocoa husk conducted by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Analysis of antibacterial activity was done by paper disc diffusion method. Completely Randomized Design of single factor presentage that is extract concentration of 0; 1; 2; 4; 8; 16; 32; and 64% (g/mL) with three replicans were applied.The results showed that the extract of cocoa pod husk has antibacterial activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli with the MIC are 8% (g/ mL), 16% (g/ mL), and 32% (g/ mL) respectively.AbstrakKakao (Theobroma cacao L.), salah satu komoditi ekspor terpenting Indonesia, ditanam secara luas dengan total luasan 1,6 juta Ha, menghasilkan 500.000 ton biji kering pada tahun 2011. Di samping biji sebagai hasil utama, pada saat panen juga dihasilkan kulit buah dengan volume yang hampir sama dengan biji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi ekstrak kulit buah kakao sebagai antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, dan Staphylococcus aureusserta menentukan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak kulit buah kakao terhadap ketiga bakteri uji. Ekstraksi kulit buah kakao dilakukan dengan metode Maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Analisis aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram kertas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor tunggal konsen-trasi ekstrak, yaitu 0; 1; 2; 4; 8; 16; 32; dan 64% (g/mL), masing-masing dengan tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah kakao berpotensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap S. aureus, B. subtilis dan E. coli, dengan KHM berturut-turut adalah 8% (g/mL), 16% (g/mL), dan 32% (g/mL).

Penapisan bakteri penghasil bioplastik polihidroksi alkanoat dari tanah tempat pembuangan sampah dan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit Screening of bioplastics polyhydroxy alkanoic producing bacteria from landfill and palm oil mill effluents Irma KRESNAWATY; Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Agustin Sri MULYATNI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 82, No 1: Juni 2014
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractPlastic wastes have become a serious problem of the world because of unbiodegradable property. There are many solutions to this problem and one of them is by replacing conventional plastic base material with the biodegradable materials. Bioplastic material that is quite important for industries and recently being developed by scientists is Polyhydroxyalcanoate (PHA). It is a natural polyester which can be produced by several microorganisms, like bacteria and algae. Bacterial isolations from landfills waste and palm oil mill effluents were conducted on this research. Preliminary screenings of PHA-producing-bacteria were examined qualitatively using 0.05% Nile red dye. The selection results showed that among 32 bacterial isolates, 10 of them could accumulate PHA which could be detected qualitatively through its fluorescence in UV ray at λ 235 nm. TH-D092 and LC-S05 isolates originated respectively from landfill and palm oil mill effluent had ability to accumulate PHA respectively 6.67 and 9.44% dried cell weight. Identification of the microbe concluded that TH-D092 was Pseudomonas aeroginosa, whilst LC-S05 and LC-D02 isolates was Bacillus subtilis.AbstrakLimbah plastik menjadi masalah serius yang dihadapi dunia karena sulit didegradasi mikroba. Salah satu solusi masalah adalah dengan mengganti bahan dasar plastik konvensional dengan plastik biodegradable (bioplastik). Bahan bioplastik yang cukup penting bagi indutri dan saat ini terus dikembangkan oleh peneliti adalah Polihidroksial- kanoat (PHA). PHA merupakan poliester alami yang dapat diproduksi oleh mikroorganisme, seperti bakteri dan alga. Pada penelitian dilakukan isolasi bakteri dari tanah tempat pembuangan sampah (TPS) dan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (LCPKS). Penapisan awal bakteri penghasil PHA dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan pewarna Nile red 0.05%. Hasil penapisan menunjukkan diantara ke-32 isolat bakteri diperoleh 10 isolat mampu mengakumulasi PHA secara kualitatif, yaitu isolat yang mampu menimbulkan pendaran floresen pada sinar UV pada λ 235 nm. Isolat TH-D092 dari tanah tempat pembuangan sampah dan isolat LC-S05 dari limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit memiliki kemampuan mengakumulasi PHA berturut-turut 6,67 dan 9,44% dari berat sel kering. Hasil identifikasi spesies bakteri menunjukkan bahwa isolat TH-DO9 termasuk Pseudomonas aeroginosa, LC-SO5 dan LC-DO2 termasuk Bacillus subtilis.

Potensi electronic nose 118 untuk mendeteksi penyakit busuk pangkal batang pada kelapa sawit Agustin Sri MULYATNI; Irma KRESNAWATY; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Tri PANJI; Wita KIMBERLY; Happy WIDIASTUTI; Priyono PRIYONO; Chotimah CHOTIMAH; Kuwat TRIYANA
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 90, No 1 (2022): April, 2022
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v90i1.472

AbstractBasal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma sp. is a major disease in oil palm. One of the keys to successfully control BSR disease is to detect the pathogenic infections as early as possible. Early detection technique has been developed in this study was using volatile compounds sensors known as an electronic nose, specifically Electronic Nose 118. Plant samples were obtained from roots, stems, leaves, and soils of four plant categories, which were midly, moderately, and severely infected by Ganoderma, and healthy plants. The test results showed that Electronic Nose was able to record the profile of volatile organic compounds (VOC) produced by Ganoderma sp. The Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) results showed that the root and stem samples were differentiated in fairly high level of discrimination with values of 89.66% and 94.59% respectively, while for internal validation value were 98.18% and 89.18%. However, for leaf and soil samples, Electronic Nose 118 resulted in low discriminations. The test results show that Electronic Nose 118 can distinguish samples of roots and stems of healthy plant and Ganoderma-infected plant with a high accuracy.[Keywords: Ganoderma, linier discriminant analysis (LDA), pathogen infection, sensor, volatile organic compound] AbstrakPenyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma sp. merupakan penyakit utama pada kelapa sawit. Salah satu kunci keberhasilan pengendalian penyakit BPB adalah diketahuinya infeksi patogen sedini mungkin. Teknik deteksi dini yang saat ini dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan sensor senyawa volatil yang dikenal dengan electronic nose, khususnya Electronic Nose 118. Sampel tanaman diperoleh dari akar, batang, daun, dan tanah dari empat kondisi tanaman, yaitu tanaman yang terinfeksi Ganoderma ringan, sedang, berat dan tanaman sehat. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa profil senyawa organik volatil yang dihasilkan oleh infeksi Ganoderma sp. dapat ditangkap oleh Electronic Nose 118 dengan baik. Hasil analisis Linear Discriminat Analysis (LDA) menunjukkan bahwa sampel akar dan batang terbedakan dengan tingkat diskriminasi yang cukup tinggi dengan nilai secara berurutan yaitu 89,66% dan 94,59%, sedangkan untuk validasi internal masing-masing 98,18% dan 89,18%. Namun demikian, untuk sampel daun dan tanah, pengujian dengan Electronic Nose 118 menghasilkan tingkat diskriminasi yang rendah. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan Electronic Nose 118 dapat membedakan sampel akar dan batang dari tanaman sehat dan tanaman terserang Ganoderma dengan akurasi tinggi.[Kata kunci : Ganoderma, LDA, infeksi patogen, sensor, senyawa organik volatil]

Karakterisasi PHA yang dihasilkan oleh Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Bacillus subtilis yang ditumbuhkan dalam media limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit Characterization of PHA produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis inoculated in palm oil mill effluent (POME) media Irma KRESNAWATY; Agustin Sri MULYATNI; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 82, No 2: Desember 2014
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractThe difficulties in processing of petroleum-based plastic waste had encouraged the development of biodegradable plastics polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Researchers isolated the PHA-producing microorganisms from various sources to obtain new species with high PHA production capability. In addition, the high cost of PHA production might be overcome by using carbon-rich waste, such as palm oil mill effluent (POME). This research conducted characterization of produced PHA and optimization of PHA production in POME. In previous research, three potential isolates were obtained, which are one Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate and two Bacillus subtilis isolates. Analysis of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed the presence of PHA accumu-lation within the bacterial cell. The results of Spectra of Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed differences in C-C and C-H alipathic regions of PHA produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Optimum production of PHA was obtained using POME at concentration of 50-25% during 6 days of incubation time in an enriched media pretreatment.Abstrak Sulitnya pengolahan limbah plastik berbasis minyak bumi mendorong pengembangan plastik biodegradable poli-hidroksialkanoat (PHA). Beberapa peneliti mengisolasi mikroorganisme penghasil PHA dari berbagai sumber karena diharapkan akan diperoleh spesies baru dengan kemampuan produksi PHA yang tinggi. Selain itu kendala tingginya biaya produksi PHA dapat diatasi dengan peman-faatan limbah yang kaya akan karbon, seperti limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (LCPKS). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan karakterisasi PHA yang dihasilkan dan optimasi produksi PHA pada LCPKS. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah diperoleh tiga isolat potensial, yaitu : satu isolat Pseudo-monas aeruginosa dan dua isolat Bacillus subtilis. Analisis Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Transmission Electon Microscopy (TEM) menunjukkan adanya akumulasi PHA di dalam sel bakteri. Dari hasil analisis FT-IR disimpulkan bahwa senyawa PHA yang dihasilkan Pseudo-monas aeruginosa berbeda dengan Bacillus subtilisyang ditandai perbedaan pada spectra gugus C-C dan C-H alifatik. Produksi optimum PHA diperoleh pada konsentrasi LCPKS 50-25%, waktu inkubasi enam hari dan optima-lisasi pertumbuhan pada media kaya di awal untuk mening-katkan populasi mikroba.

Sekuen Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) DNA ribosomal Oncobasidium theobromae dan jamur sekerabat pembanding Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequences of ribosomal DNA Oncobasidium theobromae and other related fungi as comparison Agustin Sri MULYATNI; Achmadi PRIYATMOJO; Agus PURWANTARA
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 79, No 1: Juni 2011
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractThe objective of this research was to sequence ITSregion from ribosomal DNA of Oncobasidium theobromae,and to compare the sequences to the isolates from Vietnamand Malaysia, and also to identify other related fungi speciesbased on the homology of the ITS region. O. theobromae wasisolated from three cocoa plantations in Indonesia that wereJember, Kendari, and Makasar. DNA was isolated from thefungal mycelia, and then amplified using ITS-4 and ITS-5primers, resulted in DNA fragments of 600 bp and 700 bpfor the isolate from Jember, 600 bp for the isolate fromKendari, and 700 bp for the isolate from Makasar. All of thefragments were successfully sequenced, except for 600 bpfragment of the isolate from Jember. The homology analysisusing BLAST was confirmed that ITS sequencesO. theobromae from Jember was homolog with Rhizoctoniasp. and Ceratobasidium sp., whereas isolate from Kendariwas homolog with Botryosphaeria sp. and isolate fromMakasar was homolog with Mycorrhizal basidiomycetes. Thesequences were then compared to the sequences ofO. theobromae from Vietnam and Malaysia. Phylogeneticanalyses using Clustal W program indicated thatO. theobrome from Indonesia which is represented byisolates from Jember showed higher degree of similarity toisolates from Vietnam. On the contrary, isolates fromIndonesia showed lower degree of similarity to isolates fromMalaysia.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sekuen daerahITS dari DNA ribosomal jamur Oncobasidium theobromae,dan membandingkannya dengan sekuen jamur O. theobromaeyang berasal dari Malaysia dan Vietnam, serta untukmengidentifikasi spesies lain yang merupakan kerabat dekatO. theobromae dengan berdasarkan kemiripan sekuenITSnya. Isolat jamur O. theobromae diisolasi dari tiga lokasiperkebunan kakao di Indonesia yaitu Jember, Kendari danMakasar. DNA diisolasi dari miselium jamur. Amplifikasidaerah ITS menggunakan primer ITS-4 dan ITS-5menghasilkan fragmen 600 bp dan 700 bp untuk isolatJember, 600 bp untuk isolat Kendari dan 700 bp untuk isolatMakasar. Semua fragmen berhasil disekuensing kecualifragmen Jember 600 bp. Analisis homologi menggunakanBLAST menunjukkan fragmen isolat Jember 700 bpmemiliki homologi tertinggi dengan Rhizoctonia sp. danCeratobasidium sp., isolat Kendari 600 bp homolog denganBotryosphaeria sp., dan isolat Makasar homolog denganMycorrhizal basidiomycetes. Hasil sekuen tersebut kemudiandibandingkan dengan sekuen daerah ITS O.theobromae dariMalaysia dan Vietnam untuk mengetahui hubungankekerabatannya. Analisis kekerabatan menggunakan programClustal W menunjukkan O. theobromae dari Indonesia yangdiwakili oleh isolat Jember berkerabat dekat dengan isolatVietnam, akan tetapi tidak dengan isolat Malaysia.

Aplikasi kitosan untuk penekanan kejadian penyakit dan peningkatan hasil panen tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) Sri WAHYUNI; Ciptadi Ahmad YUSUP; Agustin Sri MULYATNI; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Priyono PRIYONO; Siswanto SISWANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 90, No 2 (2022): Oktober, 2022
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v90i2.484

Chitosan is a derivative compound from chitin that has potential as a biopesticide and biostimulant. This research aimed to analyze the effect of chitosan’s soluble liquid (SL) on the disease suppression and yield of rice. This research was conducted in two locations: the first was at Nglawak Village, Nganjuk District, East Java, and the second was at Harjasari Village, Tegal District, Central Java, in dry season of 2020. Chitosan SL application was carried out by foliar spray on rice plants at 2, 6, and 9 weeks after planting with the treatment of Chitosan SL 25 ml L-1 (P1), Chitosan SL 25 ml L-1+ synthetic pesticides (P2), synthetic pesticides application as control (P0). Each treatment was replicated nine times in each location. The vegetative parameters observed consist of leaf color, number of tillers, and plant height, while the number of productive tillers was observed during the harvesting period. The observed disease incidence was bacterial leaf blight, sheath blight, and blast. The result showed that the application of Chitosan SL significantly affected disease suppression (sheath blight) and yield compared to control, and there was no significant effect between P1 and P2. The application of Chitosan SL could suppress sheath blight disease by up to 45% and increase crop yields by up to 25%. Abstrak Kitosan merupakan senyawa turunan dari kitin yang memiliki potensi sebagai biopestisida dan juga biostimulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh aplikasi kitosan soluble liquid (SL) terhadap kejadian penyakit dan hasil panen padi. Pengujian dilakukan di dua lokasi, yakni di Desa Nglawak, Kabupaten Nganjuk Jawa Timur dan di Desa Harjasari, Kabupaten Tegal, Jawa Tengah pada musim kemarau tahun 2020. Aplikasi kitosan SL dilakukan dengan penyemprotan daun pada 2, 6, dan 9 minggu setelah tanam, dengan perlakuan meliputi: kitosan SL 25 mL L-1(P1), kitosan SL 25 ml L-1+ pestisida kimia (P2), dan pestisida sintetik saja sebagai kontrol (P0). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak sembilan kali pada masing-masing lokasi. Parameter vegetatif yang diamati meliputi warna daun, jumlah anakan dan tinggi tanaman, sedangkan jumlah anakan produktif diamati pada saat panen. Kejadian penyakit yang diamati adalah hawar daun bakteri, hawar daun pelepah, dan blas. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kitosan SL pada tanaman padi berpengaruh nyata terhadap penekanan kejadian penyakit hawar pelepahdan hasil panen dibandingkan kontrol, serta tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh yang nyata antara P1 dengan P2. Aplikasi kitosan SL mampu menekan kejadian penyakit hawar pelepah hingga 45% dan mampu meningkatkan hasil panen hingga 25%.

MONITORING THE GROWTH OF BIOLOGICAL AGENT FUNGI IN ORGANIC MATERIAL MIXTURES WITH VARIED COMPOSITIONS USING AN ELECTRONIC NOSE: MONITORING PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR AGENSIA HAYATI DALAM CAMPURAN BAHAN ORGANIK DENGAN VARIASI KOMPOSISI MENGGUNAKAN ELECTRONIC NOSE Indriani Lutfiyyatunnisa; Bambang Heru Iswanto; Agustin Sri Mulyatni
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) Vol. 13 (2025): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) SNF2024
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika dan Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta, LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta, HFI Jakarta, HFI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/03.1301.FA32

The use of a mixture of biological agents and organic matter waste can be used as an alternative to chemical fertilizers as an environmentally friendly bioinsecticide product. However, the presence of biological agent organisms in organic materials and susceptible to contamination in certain compositions is difficult to detect early. In this study, an electronic nose (e-nose) is used to detect the presence of three growing fungal mycelium and contamination in a mixture of organic materials based on their aroma patterns. As a first step, a selection of features will be made that will be used to build a detection model. Features are extracted from e-nose response data taken from 28 samples of a mixture of bio-agent fungi with organic materials consisting of 9 variations in composition. E-nose used version 3 with a total of 16 Taguci type sensors. Experiments were conducted with three samples of biological fungi each mixed with bagasse organic matter with variations in the composition of dilutions 10(−1), 10(−2), and 10(−3)as well as dilution volumes of 2 ml, 4 ml, and 6 ml as well as control samples containing bagasse organic matter alone. There were a total of 28 samples with three repetitions with different sampling times. For principal component analysis, data processing begins with data pre-processing by performing baseline correction and normalization. Furthermore, data analysis is carried out using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with descriptive statistical features of the minimum value. From the results of the analysis using PCA, the first two main components explained about 67.35% and the second main component explained about 18.56% of the data variation.

IDENTIFICATION OF TRICHODERMA SP. FUNGAL POPULATION LEVELS IN ORGANIC MATERIALS USING ELECTRONIC NOSE (E-NOSE): IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT POPULASI JAMUR TRICHODERMA SP. PADA BAHAN ORGANIK MENGGUNAKAN ELECTRONIC NOSE (E-NOSE) Muhamad Rizki; Bambang Heru Iswanto; Agustin Sri Mulyatni
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) Vol. 13 (2025): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) SNF2024
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika dan Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta, LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta, HFI Jakarta, HFI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/03.1301.FA35

The use of synthetic pesticides for pest and disease control in crops raises significant health and environmental concerns. As an eco-friendly alternative, biological control using biofungicides such as Trichoderma sp. has become increasingly important. Effective biofungicide production necessitates precise determination of Trichoderma sp. population levels. This study aims to identify Trichoderma sp. population levels (105, 106, and 107 CFU/ml) based on aroma data from an Electronic Nose (E-nose). The experiment began with the rejuvenation of Trichoderma sp. samples, followed by inoculation on three organic materials (sugarcane bagasse, peat, and bran). Gas sensor data were collected using the E-nose after a 7-day incubation period in glass bottles. Feature extraction, using statistical and time domain methods, was performed to identify the fungal population. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) demonstrated that the E-nose sensor responses effectively differentiated Trichoderma sp. population levels based on the type of organic material. For the three organic materials, PCA revealed that PC1 accounted for 79.76% and PC2 for 13.49% of the variance, while LDA showed LD1 accounted for 62.54% and LD2 for 28.22% of the variance. Specifically, for the sugarcane bagasse, PCA indicated PC1 at 79.77% and PC2 at 13.49%, with LDA showing LD1 at 60.93% and LD2 at 28.58%.

Karakterisasi PHA yang dihasilkan oleh Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Bacillus subtilis yang ditumbuhkan dalam media limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit Characterization of PHA produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis inoculated in palm oil mill effluent (POME) media Irma KRESNAWATY; Agustin Sri MULYATNI; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 82 No. 2: 82 (2), 2014
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v82i2.20

AbstractThe difficulties in processing of petroleum-based plastic waste had encouraged the development of biodegradable plastics polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Researchers isolated the PHA-producing microorganisms from various sources to obtain new species with high PHA production capability. In addition, the high cost of PHA production might be overcome by using carbon-rich waste, such as palm oil mill effluent (POME). This research conducted characterization of produced PHA and optimization of PHA production in POME. In previous research, three potential isolates were obtained, which are one Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate and two Bacillus subtilis isolates. Analysis of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed the presence of PHA accumu-lation within the bacterial cell. The results of Spectra of Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed differences in C-C and C-H alipathic regions of PHA produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Optimum production of PHA was obtained using POME at concentration of 50-25% during 6 days of incubation time in an enriched media pretreatment.Abstrak Sulitnya pengolahan limbah plastik berbasis minyak bumi mendorong pengembangan plastik biodegradable poli-hidroksialkanoat (PHA). Beberapa peneliti mengisolasi mikroorganisme penghasil PHA dari berbagai sumber karena diharapkan akan diperoleh spesies baru dengan kemampuan produksi PHA yang tinggi. Selain itu kendala tingginya biaya produksi PHA dapat diatasi dengan peman-faatan limbah yang kaya akan karbon, seperti limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (LCPKS). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan karakterisasi PHA yang dihasilkan dan optimasi produksi PHA pada LCPKS. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah diperoleh tiga isolat potensial, yaitu : satu isolat Pseudo-monas aeruginosa dan dua isolat Bacillus subtilis. Analisis Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Transmission Electon Microscopy (TEM) menunjukkan adanya akumulasi PHA di dalam sel bakteri. Dari hasil analisis FT-IR disimpulkan bahwa senyawa PHA yang dihasilkan Pseudo-monas aeruginosa berbeda dengan Bacillus subtilisyang ditandai perbedaan pada spectra gugus C-C dan C-H alifatik. Produksi optimum PHA diperoleh pada konsentrasi LCPKS 50-25%, waktu inkubasi enam hari dan optima-lisasi pertumbuhan pada media kaya di awal untuk mening-katkan populasi mikroba.

Penapisan bakteri penghasil bioplastik polihidroksi alkanoat dari tanah tempat pembuangan sampah dan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit Screening of bioplastics polyhydroxy alkanoic producing bacteria from landfill and palm oil mill effluents Irma KRESNAWATY; Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Agustin Sri MULYATNI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 82 No. 1: 82 (1), 2014
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v82i1.28

AbstractPlastic wastes have become a serious problem of the world because of unbiodegradable property. There are many solutions to this problem and one of them is by replacing conventional plastic base material with the biodegradable materials. Bioplastic material that is quite important for industries and recently being developed by scientists is Polyhydroxyalcanoate (PHA). It is a natural polyester which can be produced by several microorganisms, like bacteria and algae. Bacterial isolations from landfills waste and palm oil mill effluents were conducted on this research. Preliminary screenings of PHA-producing-bacteria were examined qualitatively using 0.05% Nile red dye. The selection results showed that among 32 bacterial isolates, 10 of them could accumulate PHA which could be detected qualitatively through its fluorescence in UV ray at λ 235 nm. TH-D092 and LC-S05 isolates originated respectively from landfill and palm oil mill effluent had ability to accumulate PHA respectively 6.67 and 9.44% dried cell weight. Identification of the microbe concluded that TH-D092 was Pseudomonas aeroginosa, whilst LC-S05 and LC-D02 isolates was Bacillus subtilis.AbstrakLimbah plastik menjadi masalah serius yang dihadapi dunia karena sulit didegradasi mikroba. Salah satu solusi masalah adalah dengan mengganti bahan dasar plastik konvensional dengan plastik biodegradable (bioplastik). Bahan bioplastik yang cukup penting bagi indutri dan saat ini terus dikembangkan oleh peneliti adalah Polihidroksial- kanoat (PHA). PHA merupakan poliester alami yang dapat diproduksi oleh mikroorganisme, seperti bakteri dan alga. Pada penelitian dilakukan isolasi bakteri dari tanah tempat pembuangan sampah (TPS) dan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (LCPKS). Penapisan awal bakteri penghasil PHA dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan pewarna Nile red 0.05%. Hasil penapisan menunjukkan diantara ke-32 isolat bakteri diperoleh 10 isolat mampu mengakumulasi PHA secara kualitatif, yaitu isolat yang mampu menimbulkan pendaran floresen pada sinar UV pada λ 235 nm. Isolat TH-D092 dari tanah tempat pembuangan sampah dan isolat LC-S05 dari limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit memiliki kemampuan mengakumulasi PHA berturut-turut 6,67 dan 9,44% dari berat sel kering. Hasil identifikasi spesies bakteri menunjukkan bahwa isolat TH-DO9 termasuk Pseudomonas aeroginosa, LC-SO5 dan LC-DO2 termasuk Bacillus subtilis.

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