Asako Shiohara
Tokyo University of Foreign Studies

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ON THE SITUATED SOCIO-CULTURAL MEANING OF BENEFACTIVES IN BALINESE Desak Putu Eka Pratiwi; I Wayan Arka; Asako Shiohara
Linguistik Indonesia Vol 36, No 2 (2018): Linguistik Indonesia
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (538.326 KB) | DOI: 10.26499/li.v36i2.78

Abstract

This paper discusses a preliminary corpus-based study of benefactives in Balinese, from a socio-cognitive theory of situated socio-cultural meaning (cf. Langlotz 2015, Danielle and Evans 2017). It is part of larger corpus-based research on parallel texts in the international SCOPIC (Social Cognition Parallax Interview Corpus) project (http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24742). Benefactive constructions are defined as those expressing states of affairs (SoA) hold to someone’s advantage (Kittilä and Zúñiga 2010).  The notion of '(someone's) advantage' in Balinese benefactive meaning is tightly embedded in Balinese cultural worlds, having complex positive social meanings in which concepts such as 'self', 'reciprocity', 'in-.out-group', and spiritual rewards are central. The socio-cultural worlds are evidently reflected the speech level system in Balinese. There are different forms with fine-grained social meanings such as three words for 'give' in Balinese depending on the relative social relations of event and/or speech participants. An incorrect choice of linguistic device would lead to incorrect social indexing; hence socially unacceptable or inappropriate, not giving rise to the intended positive benefactive meaning. Our findings show that benefactive meaning is expressible through different means (lexical, morphological, and analytical/constructional). Surprisingly, the lexical benefactive 'give' is 100% expressed through the verb baang in our Balinese SCOPIC corpus, suggesting that the corpus is rather skewed towards the common (or low) register.
SOCIO-CULTURAL DYNAMICS AND ETHNOLINGUISTIC VITALITY OF SEMBIRAN BALINESE Desak Putu Eka Pratiwi; I Wayan Arka; Asako Shiohara
Linguistik Indonesia Vol 38, No 2 (2020): Linguistik Indonesia
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/li.v38i2.174

Abstract

This paper reports our preliminary findings on the assessment of language vitality of Sembiran Balinese in the larger socio-cultural transformation of contemporary Bali.  Sembiran Balinese, also known as Bali Aga, is a conservative mountain dialect of Balinese spoken by around 5,000 speakers in the Sembiran village, 30 km east of Singaraja northern Bali. The language and its culture reflect Bali in antiquity (Ardika, et al. 1991; Ardika, et al. 1997), with the language quite distinct from Lowland Balinese (Bali Dataran), for example in terms of its pronominal system and the absence of speech level system (Astini 1996, Sedeng 2007, Arka & Sedeng 2018). The study is based on the data collected through questionnaires focusing on subjective views of ethno-linguistic vitality such as in-/out-group interactions and domains of language use in contemporary multilingual settings, supported by ethnographic data. The analysis makes use of the current development in the sociolinguistics of vitality, particularly the notions of ethnolinguistic vitality (Giles, et al 1977) and theories of language shift and endangerment (Grenoble & Whaley 2006, Fishman 1991). The findings reveal that Sembiran Balinese appears to have a relatively strong linguistic vitality even though the speech community itself is a minority group in Bali.