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All Journal Majalah Kedokteran Nusantara The Journal Of Medical School Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana
Abdul Rachman Saragih
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Pengaruh bising lingkungan sekolah terhadap kelelahan bersuara pada guru sekolah dasar Hellena Miranda; Abdul Rachman Saragih; Adlin Adnan; Tengku Siti Hajar Haryuna
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 41, No 1 (2011): Volume 41, No. 1 January - June 2011
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (342.797 KB) | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v41i1.58

Abstract

Background: The effect of noisy school environment is not only affecting student’s consentration level, but also causing problem to teachers’s voice. Purpose: To know the influence of noisy school environment techers voice intensity of the lecturer toward the lecturer’s speaking exhaustion at a number of elementary school located in Medan. Method: The research used case control method upon 90 elementary school teachers as the subject. The teachers came from schools influenced by noisy environment and schools with quite environment located in the city of Medan. The exhaustion level of speaking is identified by score of voice handicap index (VHI). The statistical tests used were “t-test”, Chi-square test and the multinomial logistic regression test. Result: Average level of noise in case group was 80.8 dB, in control group was 54.6 dB, with voice intensity of 79.6 dB and 61 dB. The voice disturbance in both group identified as medium level with the score of VHI ranges from 20-40 (p=0.03). By statistical analysis using “Xtest”, we found significant corelations between the VHI score with school noise (p=0.03), the lecturer’s voice (p=0.03) and sex (p=0.01). The result of multinomial logistic regression test shows that voice exhaustion disruption were influenced by school noise intensity (OR=3.4, IK95%=1.05-10.94) and the lecturer’s voice intensity (OR=3.2, IK95%=1.04-10.07).Conclusion: Teachers at schools with noisy environment had 3.4 times higher risk than teachers from schools with quite environment, and teachers who used high intensity voice had 3.2 times higher risk than teachers with low intensity for voice disturbance. Key words: voice exhaustion, noise intensity, voice intensity   Abstrak :  Latar belakang: Lingkungan sekolah yang bising selain mempengaruhi konsentrasi belajar-mengajar, dapat juga menyebabkan masalah bersuara pada guru. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh bising lingkungan sekolah dan intensitas suara mengajar terhadap kelelahan bersuara pada guru di beberapa sekolah dasar negeri di kota Medan. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah studi kasus kontrol dengan subjek penelitian 90 guru yang mengajar di sekolah yang terpajan bising dan sekolah yang tidak terpajan bising di kota Medan. Tingkat kelelahan bersuara diidentifikasi melalui skor voice handicap index (VHI). Uji statistik yang digunakan uji t, uji X dan uji regresilogistic multinomial. Hasil: Rerata intensitas bising pada kelompok kasus sebesar 80,8 dB, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 54,6 dB. Intensitas suara guru saat mengajar, masing-masing sebesar 79,6 dB dan 61 dB. Gangguan kelelahan bersuara pada kedua kelompok tergolong ringan, dengan skor VHI sebesar 20-40 untuk kedua kelompok (p=0,03). Setelah dilakukan analisis statistik terhadap variabel yang diduga mempengaruhi skor VHI dengan menggunakan uji X2didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara intensitas bising sekolah (p=0,03) intensitas suara guru (p=0,03) dan jenis kelamin (p=0,01) dengan skor VHI. Hasil uji regresi logistik multinomial menunjukkan bahwa hanya intensitas bising sekolah (OR=3,4, IK95%= 1,05-10,94) dan intensitas suara guru (OR=3,2, IK95%=1,04-10,07) berpengaruh terhadap gangguan kelelahan bersuara.Kesimpulan: Guru yang mengajar di sekolah yang terpapar bising memiliki risiko kelelahan bersuara 3,4 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan guru di sekolah yang tidak terpapar bising, dan guru dengan intensitas suara yang tinggi saat mengajar akan mengalami kelelahan bersuara 3,2 kali lebih sering dibandingkan guru dengan intensitas suara rendah. Kata kunci: kelelahan bersuara, intensitas bising, intensitas suara
Tuberkulosis tonsil dan nasofaring disertai limfadenopati servikal dan tuberkulosis milier Rina Hayati; Abdul Rachman Saragih
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 44, No 1 (2014): Volume 44, No. 1 January - June 2014
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1020.143 KB) | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v44i1.85

Abstract

Latar belakang: tuberkulosis pada saluran nafas atas sangat jarang dijumpai dan biasanya disertai dengan penyakit paru primer. Dengan kemajuan pengobatan tuberkulosis saat ini, infeksi mycobacterium pada tonsil dan nasofaring jarang dijumpai. Limfadenopati servikal merupakan simptom yang sering terjadi, dan seharusnya didiagnosis banding dengan suatu massa di kepala dan leher. Tujuan: untuk menambah pengetahuan dalam mendiagnosis dan menangani tuberkulosis tonsil dan nasofaring yang jarang dijumpai. Kasus: Seorang anak laki-laki 14 tahun dikonsulkan dengan masa dileher bilateral disertai disfagia, demam dan malaise selama satu bulan. Penatalaksanaan: Pasien awalnya kami diagnosis banding sebagai suatu massa di kepala leher. Setelah ditegakkan diagnosis sebagai tuberkulosistonsil dan nasofaring disertai limfadenopati servikal dan tuberkulosis milier, diberikan terapi dengan anti tuberkulosis dan diperoleh hasil yang baik. Kesimpulan: Tuberkulosis sebaiknya dimasukkan sebagai diagnosis banding suatu massa di kepala dan leher terutama jika gambaran klinis dan pencitraan yang dijumpai tidak khas, sementara itu biopsi dan gambaran mikrobiologi selalu harus dipertimbangkan. Kata kunci: tuberkulosis nasofaring, tonsil, millier, limfadenopati. ABSTRACTBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) of the upper aerodigestive tract is rare and is usually associated with primary pulmonary disease. With recent advances in medical treatment of tuberculosis, mycobacterial infection of the nasopharynx and tonsil becomes very rare. The most common presenting symptom is cervical lymphadenopathy, so TB should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses of the head and neck. Purpose: To remind Otolaryngologists about the diagnosis and management of nasopharyngeal and tonsillar tuberculosis, which become rare case nowadays. Case: A 14-year-old boy was consulted with bilateral neck masses, disphagia, fever and malaise for one month. Case Management: At first we made a differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses of the head and neck. After he was diagnosed as nasopharyngeal and tonsilar tuberculosis with cervical lymphadenopathy and millier tuberculosis, the patient was treated with anti tuberculosis medication and the result was  good. Conclusion: TB should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses of the head and neck, particularly when the imaging findings and clinical presentation are atypical, at which point appropriate biopsies and microbiologic studies should be conducted. Keyword : Nasopharyngeal tuberculosis, tonsilar tuberculosis, cervical lymphadenopathy, milliertuberculosis
Karakteristik penderita benda asing di esofagus di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat H. Adam Malik Medan Januari 2006-Desember 2011 Suri Anita; Abdul Rachman Saragih; Linda Irwani Adenin; Ashri Yudhistira
Majalah Kedokteran Nusantara The Journal Of Medical School Vol 45, No 2 (2012): The Journal of Medical School
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran USU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (165.326 KB)

Abstract

Introduction : Foreign body ingestion and impaction in the esophagus constitutes an important cause of morbidity and mortality at any groups of age in worldwide.Objective : To determine the characteristic of esophageal foreign bodies in H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from January 2006 – December 2011.Methods : A descriptive study applying medical records of patients who were hospitalized for foreign body ingestion from January 2006 – December 2011.Result : One hundred and thirteen medical records was collected (71 males and 42 females) aged of 4 month – 75 years old, with mean 16.8 years old, were admitted with the diagnosis of esophageal foreign body. The most clinical symptoms was dysphagia 43.3% and odynophagia 28.2% from total symptoms. Anorganic was the most common foreign bodies 92% and organic 8%. The most common site of impaction were upper third 92.9%. The duration of impaction 44.2% was 6-24 hours. 92.9% with >24 hours length of time from diagnosed to the esophagoscopy procedure. Complication were noted in 5.4%. There was significant relation between age and type of foreign body and between age and location of impaction (P <0.05). Conclusion : The characteristic of esophageal foreign body were collected and found that there was significant relation between type of foreign body and age, site of impaction also.Keywords: foreign bodies; esophagus; esophagoscopy; characteristic
Co-Authors Adlin Adnan Ashri Yudhistira Haryuna, Tengku Siti Hajar Hellena Miranda Linda Irwani Adenin Rina Hayati Suri Anita