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Residu Pestisida di Sentra Produksi Padi di Jawa Tengah Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata; Dedi Nursyamsi
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 21 No. 1 (2012): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v21i1.103

Abstract

Dewasa ini pestisida sudah merupakan bagian dari sistem usahatani sebagianbesar petani di Indonesia. Penggunaan pestisida semakin intensif dan cenderung tidak terkontrol; akibatnya agroekologi pertanian dan kesehatan manusia sebagai konsumen menjadi terabaikan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi status penggunaan pestisida dan residunya yang dilaksanakan dengan mengambil contoh tanaman padi, tanah, dan air di sentra produksi padi di Jawa Tengah. Konsentrasi residu pestisida dalam contoh ditentukan dengan menggunakan kromatografi gas (GC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani di Jawa Tengah sudah terbiasa menggunakan pestisida karena diyakini bahwa pestisida ampuh dalam menanggulangi serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT). Namun demikian penggunaan pestisida di petani umumnya belum berdasarkan prinsip pengelolaan hama terpadu (PHT), yaitu pestisida digunakan dalam jumlah sesedikit mungkin dalam batas yang efektif dan diaplikasikan apabila tingkat kerusakan tanaman atau kepadatan populasi organisme pengganggu melampaui batas toleransi ambang ekonomi. Meskipun penggunaan insektisida organoklorin telah dilarang dan hasil wawancara dengan petani tidak ditemukan penggunaannya di lahan sawah, tetapi residunya di lapangan masih ditemukan sehingga berpotensi mengganggu kelestarian lingkungan. Residu insektisida organoklorin dan organofosfat telah ditemukan dalam contoh tanaman padi, tanah, dan air di sentra produksi padi di Jawa Tengah (Kabupaten Grobogan, Demak, Pemalang, Brebes, Tegal Cilacap, Kebumen, Sragen, dan Klaten), sedangkan residu insektisida karbamat hanya ditemukan di Kabupaten Klaten, Demak, Cilacap, dan Pati.Presently, pesticide has already been a part of farming system of most farmers in Indonesia. The use of pesticides has become more intensive and tended to be uncontrolled; consequently agro-ecological agriculture and human health as consumers have becomeneglected. This research is aimed to identify status of use of pesticides and their residues that is carried out by collecting rice plant, soil, and water samples from paddy fields of rice production centers in Central Java. Concentration of pesticides residue in the samples is determined by using Gas Chromatography (GC) method. The results show that farmers in Central Java use the pesticides because they believe that the pesticides are significantly effective in tackling pests attack. However, the use of pesticides by farmers generally has not been based on the principles of integrated pest management(IPM), a pesticide used inamounts as little as possible withinthe effective limits (no-exaggeration) and it is applied when the extent of damage to crops or pests population densities exceeds the economic threshold. Although the use of insecticides of organochlorine has been prohibited and the interview result reveals that the farmers do not use it in paddy fields, the residues on the paddy field are still found, so that they potentially pollute the environment. Organochlorine and organophosphate insecticide residues are found at rice plants, soil, and water samples taken from paddy field of riceproduction centers in Central Java (District Grobogan, Demak, Pemalang, Brebes, Tegal,Cilacap, Kebumen, Sragen, and Klaten), whereas the carbamate insecticide residuesare only found in Klaten, Demak, Cilacap, and Pati Districts. 
Organochlorine and pyrethroid residue in fish and sediment of Lake Singkarak, a tropical deep lake Ibrahim, Aiman; Muhamad Suhaemi Syawal; Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata; Sugiarti; Mohamad Awaludin Adam; Wathri Fitrada; Riky Kurniawan
LIMNOTEK Perairan Darat Tropis di Indonesia Vol. 29 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/limnotek.2023.2084

Abstract

Agricultural activities still involve the use of synthetic pesticides to support the increase of their products. On the other hand, the use of synthetic pesticides such as organochlorines and pyrethroids may contribute to the decline of aquatic ecosystem health due to the accumulation of their residues in sediments and organisms. The current study aimed to assess the levels of organochlorine and pyrethroids pesticide residue in endemic fish and sediment from Lake Singkarak. Bilih fish and sediment samples were taken in June 2021 at ten (10) sampling sites in Lake Singkarak. The samples were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography. Seven organochlorine compounds were measured, including aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, DDT, heptachlor, lindan, and endosulfan. Meanwhile, three compounds chosen from the pyrethroid group, cypermethrin, permethrin, and α-cypermethrin, were also measured. Four organochlorine compounds, aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, and endrin, were detected in bilih fish in three different sites. Dieldrin had the highest concentration at nd-0.007 mg/kg, followed by DDT, endrin, and aldrin. Meanwhile, in the sediments, no organochlorine compounds were detected from all observed sites. Pyrethroid compounds were detected in bilih fish at six sites. The compound with the highest concentration was permethrin (nd-0.02 mg/kg), followed by cypermethrin and α-cypermethrin. The surface sediment from three sites contained two pyrethroid residues, permethrin and α-cypermethrin, at nd-0.002 and nd-0.001 mg/kg, respectively. Our findings show that the residual levels of organochlorine and pyrethroid in bilih fish still meet the standards set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC). Nevertheless, Bilih fish accumulate more pesticide than surface sediment, so it is essential to be aware of their potential accumulation in the human body as the final consumer. Restriction on synthetic pesticide application is necessary to reduce its residue input into the lake waters for ecological and human health.