Ahmad Muzaki
Research Institute for Mariculture, Gondol, Bali

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PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC PERFORMANCES OF BLACK TIGER SHRIMP, Penaeus monodon HAVING FAST GROWTH TRAITS Haryanti Haryanti; Ahmad Muzaki; Ida Komang Wardana; Fachrudin Fachrudin; Sari Budi Moria Sembiring; I Gusti Ngurah Permana
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2009): (December 2009)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (143.932 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/iaj.4.2.2009.101-108

Abstract

Shrimp breeding research focusing on fast growth traits is important to develop better phenotypic and genotypic characters of shrimp spawners. The aim of this research was to evaluate shrimp breeding technology to produce fry having fast growth traits. Selection was initiated from the breeding of wild shrimp spawners (F-0) based on full sib mating, probiotics, biosecurity, and viral diseases diagnosis. Viral disease diagnoses were performed using 7 viruses (TSV, WSSV, IHHNV, YHV, BP, MBV, and HPV) provided in the IQ-2000 kit. The result showed that 11 families of the first generation (F-1) shrimp were phenotypically varied (big, regular and small size). Number of fry from the first generation resulted from phenotypic selection that have fast growth trait ranged between 1.99% and 4.49% of the total fry population. Genotypic performance of the shrimp broodstock (F-0) and the first generation (F-1) showed different genetic variations. Heterozigosity values were 0.2872±0.0047 (female) and 0.5487±0.0103 (male) for shrimp broodstock (F-0), 0.704±0.0261 for the first generation (F-1) having fast growth trait, and 0.6224±0.023 for F-1 having slow growth. Gene markers of fast growth trait were indicated by the genes with molecular weights of 1,025; 1,280; and 1,325 basepairs and having different DNA sequences compared to that of slow growth shrimp.
PATHOGENECITY OF GROUPER SLEEPY DISEASE IRIDOVIRUS (GSDIV: Megalocytivirus, FAMILY Iridoviridae) TO CORAL TROUT GROUPER Plectrophomus leopardus Ketut Mahardika; Ahmad Muzaki; Ketut Suwirya
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2009): (December 2009)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1663.521 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/iaj.4.2.2009.121-130

Abstract

Grouper sleepy disease iridovirus (GSDIV), a member of the genus Megalocytivirus in the family Iridoviridae, has been known to cause large scale mortalities resulting in severe economic losses in grouper industries in south-east Asia including Indonesia. In this study, experimental infection of coral trout grouper Plectrophomus indicus with GSDIV was performed to evaluate the viral pathogenecity to this fish species. After virus exposure, the mortalities of coral trout grouper injected with primary and 10-1 dilution of spleen homogenates derived from tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus were 100% and 90%, respectively. Histopathology revealed that moribund fish receiving GSDIV inoculum displayed massive formation of enlarged cells in the spleen and hematopoitic tissues. Under electron microscopy, the enlarged cells were observed as inclusion body bearing cells (IBCs) and necrotic cells allowing virus propagation within an intracytoplasmic virus assembly site (VAS). GSDIV virions were 167-200 nm in size. These findings confirmed that GSDIV has severe pathogenicity to coral trout grouper and IBCs as well as necrotic cells were determined to be the pathognomonic sign of megalocytivirus-infected coral trout grouper.