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All Journal Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics CORD
A. Said
Benha University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Electrical & Electronics Engineering Library & Information Science

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Mitigation of Lightning Hazards at the More Sensitive Points in Wind Farms Using Ant-Colony Optimization Technique Abd-Allah, M. A.; Said, A.; N. Ali, Mahmoud
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 5, No 2: June 2016
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v5i2.618

Abstract

The lightning energy can be very harmfull to the wind turbine farm components. This paper attempts to evaluate the overvoltages at the sensitive points in wind farm, using ATP-EMTP package program. Four cases were performed; a) the transient voltage distribution in the insulating layer of the control line, b) the transient voltage on the control equipment, c) the coupling voltage between the tower and the control, and, d) the transient voltage distribution in the wind turbine WT Generator, Boast transformers and grid. These cases were performed under different lightning current conditions and at conventional design and proper design of grounding system. The results show that the Ground Potential Rise (GPR) is reduced with using the proper design of wind turbine ground system, but the induced voltage at the control system will not affected. This work determines the optimum location of wind turbine at the areas of maximum lightning incidence. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique is implemented to find the optimum wind farm location. This work enhances the protection strategy of the wind farms against lightning stroke.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Engineered Coconut Trunk Veneer (ECTV) for Interior Products Yanti, A. K.; Said, A.; Hamid, A. S.; Hamdan, H.; Kamal, Izran; Khairul, M.; Razali, A. K.; Azrena, A. K.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 29 No 1 (2013): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (125.012 KB) | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v29i1.92

Abstract

A study was undertaken to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of engineered coconut (Cocos nucifera) veneer (ECTV). The coconut trunks (40 – 50 years old) were obtained from Hutan Melintang, Perak and were peeled into veneers at Bestgrade Sdn. Bhd. The veneers were obtained from two different parts of coconut trunks viz inner and outer which were used to fabricate 5-ply engineered coconut veneers. The ECTVs were fabricated at FRIM’s Bio-Composite Laboratory. They were manufactured with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin and with three combinations namely 100% inner, 100% outer and alternate outer & inner veneers (mix). The densities for the engineered veneers made of 100% outer, 100% inner, and mixed layers were 944.1 kg/m3, 858.15 kg/m3 and 891.11 kg/m3, respectively. Results showed that the Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of the ECTV made from 100% outer veneers had the highest mean MOR value (88.69 MPa), followed by those made from the mixed veneers (74.35 MPa) and 100% inner (58.44 MPa), respectively. On the other hand, the Modulus Of Elasticity (MOE) values were 10.12 Mpa for outer, 8,210 Mpa for inner and 10,075 Mpa for mixed. Overall, the testing results showed that the ECTV met the standard requirements.
Co-Authors Azrena, A. K. Hamdan, H. Hamid, A. S. Kamal, Izran Khairul, M. M. A. Abd-Allah Mahmoud N. Ali Razali, A. K. Yanti, A. K.