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All Journal JURNAL AIR INDONESIA JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan
Nusa Idaman Said
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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Journal : JURNAL AIR INDONESIA

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KONDISI KUALITAS AIR BAKU INSTALASI NGAGEL PERUSAHAN DAERAH AIR MINUM (PDAM) KOTA SURABAYA Said, Nusa Idaman; Hartaja, Dinda Rita Krishumartani
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2373.58 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v10i2.3761

Abstract

Saat ini PDAM Kota Surabaya mempunyai kapasitas pengolahan total sekitar 10.500 liter per detik yang terdiri dari beberapa instalasi yaitu IPA Karang Pilang I, IPA Karang Pilang II, IPA Karang Pilang III, IPA Ngagel I, IPA Ngagel II dan IPA Ngagel III. Kapasitas total instalasi pengolahan air Ngagel I sebesar 1800 liter per detik, dan Ngagel II sebesar 1000 liter per detik, sedangkan kapasitas instalsi pengolahan air Ngagel III sebesar 1.750 liter per detik. Air baku yang digunakan adalah air sungai yang diambil dari sungai Surabaya. Seiring pesatnya pertumbuhan pemukiman dan perkembangan sektor industri, mengakibatkan semakin tingginya tingkat pencemaran Sungai  Surabaya. Hal tersebut berpengaruh pada menurunnya kualitas air oleh polutan khususnya polutan organik dari limbah domestik maupun limbah industri. Akibatnya  Sungai Surabaya memiliki kualitas air baku yang kurang memenuhi ketentuan baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan sebagai air baku air minum. Untuk mengetahui kondisi tingkat pencemaran di dalam air sungai salah satu metoda yang banyak digunakan adalah dengan menentukan indeks pencemaran (IP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kualitas air baku di intake Ngagel serta menentukan tingkat pencemaran dengan menggunakan metoda indeks pencemaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sampling kualitas air di intake Ngagel yang dilakukan oleh PDAM dari tahun 2015 sampai dengan tahun 2017. Dengan menggunakan perhitungan Indeks Pencemaran (IP), dapat diketahui bahwa tingkat pencemaran air di Intake Ngagel tahun 2015 - 2017 tergolong dalam pencemaran sedang hingga pencemaran berat. Parameter yang paling potensial menyebabkan tingkat pencemaran tersebut adalah COD, BOD, Zat Organik serta konsentrasi oksigen terlarut (DO). Konsentrasi polutan organik dalam sungai tersebut telah melebihi baku mutu air kelas I berdasarkan PP No 82 tahun 2001, yakni untuk peruntukan air baku air minum. Dari tahun 2015 hingga 2016, terjadi peningkatan tingkat pencemaran, tetapi pada tahun 2017 tingkat cemaran cenderung sedikit mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan 2 (dua) tahun sebelumnya. Salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas air baku di Intake Ngagel yang yang diambil dari Sungai Surabaya adalah dengan menggunakan sistem biofilter.Dengan proses biofiltrasi konsentrasi polutan organik, amoniak, detergen, padatan tersuspensi, zat besi, mangan akan dapat diturunkan sehingga konsumsi bahan kimia khususnya koagulan dan khlor untuk pengolahan air minum menjadi berkurang. Dengan demikian biaya produksi pengolahan air juga akan menjadi berkurang. Dengan semakin rendahnya konsentrasi amoniak di dalam air baku, maka penggunaan khor juga akan semakin sedikit, sehingga kemungkinan terjadinya senyawa hasil samping khlorinasi misalnya trihalometan juga semakin kecil.Kata Kunci : Biofilter, IPA, Kualitas Air
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS AIR BAKU DENGAN PROSES BIOFILTER TERCELUP MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA STRUKTUR SARANG TAWON Said, Nusa Idaman; Herlambang, Arie
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (340.845 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v7i1.2391

Abstract

Contamination of rivers has reached an alarming level, especially in the rivers passing through major cities, agricultural areas and industrial areas. Among the contaminants that often appear dominant and very disturbing is the organic substance. The existence of high organic matter within the river water is often expressed in permanganate number that has passed the quality standard. River that contain high organic matter usually the water smell and the color is black, besides it can also cause disturbances in the water treatment process, which is an increasing use of coagulants, chlorine, activated carbon, and the emergence of substances that are not desired, and the quality of treatment results are unsatisfactory. Many ways to reduce the organic matter in river water, one of them is by using the biofilter honeycomb structure. The target of the reduction of organic substances is that the river water could be used as a raw drinking water quality standards or meet the category B, Regulation of Jakarta Governor Number 582, 1995. Raw water used for this study were taken from Krukut River which is the raw water for Regional Water Company PALYJA, Production Installation III Cilandak, South Jakarta and Cengkareng Drain river water, which is currently used as a source of raw water for PAM Taman Kota, West Jakarta using a biofilter reactor aerobic system, the capacity of 50 - 200 m3, Capasity of Blowers 300 l /min, Residence Time 6 hours up to 1 hour. Test results on the residence time of 1 hour, parameters pH, TSS, turbidity, organic substances, detergents, manganese, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, can meet the standard, except for iron which still exceeds the standard. To improve the removal  efficiency of organic matter and iron, at the beginning of processing before entering into the drinking water treatment unit need to be added powder active carbon and an oxidizing agent with a sufficient dose. Keywords: Organic substances, biofilter, aerobic, honeycomb plastic media.
RANCANG BANGUN PAKET IPAL RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN PROSES BIOFILTER ANAEROB-AEROB, KAPASITAS 20-30 M3 PER HARI Widayat, Wahyu; Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (637.835 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i1.2283

Abstract

It is obvious that hospital waste water is one of the most potential pollutant to the evironment. Thus the waste must be treated properly before it is disposed of to the public sewage facilities. However, limited fund usually become an obstacle when hospitals will construct waste treatment facilities, especially for midle and small typed hospitals.Considering the problem, development of proper waste treatment facilities which is cheap in terms of technology and price and easy operated is very important.This paper describes scheme of biological waste water treatment unit for hospitals which is suitable for Anaerob-aerob Biofilter waste water treatment process. By applying this system Anaerob-aerob Biofilter, concentration of COD, BOD and suspended solid material can be reduced significantly as well as detergen and ammonia. Keywords : rancang bangun, waste water, biofilter, Anaerob-aerob
PENGHILANGAN POLUTAN ORGANIK DAN PADATAN TERRSUSPENSI DI DALAM AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK DENGAN PROSES MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR (MBBR) Said, Nusa Idaman; Santoso, Teguh Iman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3714.436 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v8i1.2382

Abstract

One of the alternative technologies that could be used for domestic waste water treatment is the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). MBBR in principle is activated sludge that is increased by adding media in to the reactor, so there are two treatments process happened inside, suspended growth and attached growth. This research is using bioball as a media which has surface area of ±210 m2/m3 by 20% volume of reactor volume. Wastewater treatment by MBBR uses variations of Hydraulic Retention time (HRT) 12, 8, 6, and 4 hours, then the parameters measured were BOD, COD, TSS, temperature, and pH. Result of the study shows that within HRT for 12 hours in aeration tank, removal efficiency of COD is 81,37%, BOD is 82,4%, and TSS is 90,05%. HRT for 8 hours, COD removal efficiency is 88,72%, BOD is 89,7%, and TSS is 92,06%. HRT for 6 hours, COD removal efficiency is 85,48%, BOD is 80,15%, and TSS is 94,85%. HRT for 4 hours, COD removal efficiency is 81,07%, BOD is 87,88%, and TSS is 94,86%. With a retention time of 4 hours, the effluent results domestic wastewater treatment using MBBR has met quality standards in accordance with KEPMEN LH no. 112 of 2003 on Domestic Wastewater Quality Standard and Jakarta Governor Regulation no. 122 of 2005 on Domestic Wastewater Management in Special Province of Jakarta. Keywords: Domestic wastewater, MBBR, bioball.
PERANCANGAN PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM TENAGA SURYA KAPASITAS 50 M3/HARI (Dengan Menggunakan Proses Biofiltrasi Dan Ultrafiltrasi) Setiaji, Galih; said, nusa idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (878.907 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v9i1.2472

Abstract

Drinking water supply for public is big deals for the improvement of environmental and society health. An effort from the government to provide the drinking water supply is to provide a society based of drinking water treatment plant. Some obstacles that have come for the plant in remote areas are the difficulties of getting chemical material for the plant and the lack of energy supply. Drinking water treatment that use chemical materials has a big cost to provide the chemicals. Beside the high cost of treatment, the using of chemicals will harmful the drinking water, because it usually generates such carcinogenic materials. The biofiltration-ultrafiltration treatment is one of the best solutions to replace treatment plant that using chemicals. It has a low cost operation and is more safe than the water treatment that using chemicals. Generator-set (genset), a power generator that easy to get and operate, has uneconomical operation cost. By now, there were many studies proved that in remote areas, the using of Solar Power Plant is more economic than a genset. For those reasons, in this article is designed a solar powered 50 m3/Day drinking water treatment (biofiltration-ultrafiltration process). The result from the design is the solar power plant that can supply the treatment plant for 8 hours. Keywords: drinking water, solar power, genset, biofiltration, ultrafiltration.
TINJAUAN ASPEK TEKNIS PEMILIHAN MEDIA BIOFILTER UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH Said, Nusa Idaman; Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 3 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (218.088 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i3.2355

Abstract

There are literally dozens of different types of biofilters used for wastewater treatment applications. While many have common features, some are fundamentally different from the rest. The purpose of this article is to educate the reader about the types of packings used for fixed film biofilters.The types of biofilters under discussion are filters that employ a non-moving surface area to provide a substrate for various bacteria to attach and grow. The substrate remains in place while the water flows through the system. The heart of these biofilters is the packing or media used to provide the surface area. The type of packing used strongly influences both the capital and operating costs of the biofilter. It is important to emphasize however, that the packing merely provides surface area for bacteria to colonize. It is the bacteria that do the actual work of the biofilter. In order for the bacteria to do their job effectively, the biofilter and packing design must provide an even distribution of nutrients and oxygen while removing dissolved and suspended waste products. Most biofilters utilize aerobic bacteria but it is also possible to design and operate anaerobic systems for special purposes. Various types of packings exist for fixed film biological filters. Each different type has advantages and disadvantages but in terms of overall cost and suitability, the structured packings are the best choice for commercial biofilter designs. Kata kunci : biofilter, media, pengolahan air limbah.
APLIKASI PROSES BIOFILTRASI DAN ULTRA FILTRASI UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (364.568 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v2i1.2285

Abstract

To reduce the organic substance and ammonia in raw water hence raw water from river have to be processed by pretreatment prior to main processing unit. One of the alternatives is biological treatment using submerged biofilter which filled with honeycomb plastic supporting media. Research conducted by operating continuous flow biofilter reactor wich filled with honeycomb plastic supporting media. The size of biofilter reactor is 59 cm x 30 cm x 210 cm, with total volume 371.7 litres.  The research was conducting by continuous operation under condition 4 hours, 3 hours, 2 hours and 1 hour retention time. The result of experiment shows that within the biofilter process under conditions 4 hours, 3 hours, 2 hours and one hour retention time, the removal efficiency of organic substance were 67.27 %, 53,89 5,45.70 % and 30.92 % respectively. And the removal efficiency of ammonia under conditions 3 hours, 2 hours and one hour retention time were 73.59 %, 67.98 %, and 48.74 % respectively. The longer retention time has resulted in higher removal efficiency. By combining biofiltration process with ultra fltration (UF) membrane technology, hence will be got technological alternative of drinking water process which able to degrade an organic matter and ammonia without chemicals instead of convensional process.  Kata Kunci : biofiltasi, membran, ultra filtrasi, air minum.    
APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI BIOFILTER AEROBIK MEDIA PLASTIK SARANG TAWON DAN BIOFILTER MEDIA KERIKIL DENGAN ALIRAN KE ATAS Azmi, Khalidah Nurul; Danumihardja, Irma Gusniani; Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1029.731 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v10i2.3760

Abstract

Air limbah domestik memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap pencemaran air di perkotaan karena penerapan pengolahannya belum optimal. Penelitian kombinasi biofilter aerobik dengan media plastik sarang tawon (MPST) dan media kerikil (MK) dilakukan untuk mengolah air limbah domestik. Pemilihan proses mempertimbangkan baku mutu dan sasaran penerapannya untuk skala individual. Kombinasi pada HRT 24 jam menurunkan COD, NH4-N, TSS masing-masing 84,09%, 81,62%, 93,9%. Pada HRT 36 jam, menurunkan COD, NH4-N, TSS masing-masing 76,68%, 97,67%, 85,04%. Efisiensi dipengaruhi oleh variasi HRT dan perlakuan pada HRT 24 jam untuk meningkatkan kinerja reaktor, yaitu perubahan HRR dan tipe aerasi. Perubahan HRR dari 1 ke 0,25 (aerasi samping) meningkatkan kinerja reaktor dalam menurunkan COD dari 81,5% menjadi 88,05%, NH4-N dari 77,23% menjadi 81,7%, TSS dari 93,43% menjadi 96,35%. Perubahan tipe aerasi dari aerasi samping menjadi aerasi merata (HRR 0,25) meningkatkan kinerja reaktor dalam menurunkan NH4-N dari 81,7% menjadi 89,56%, sementara COD turun dari 88,05% menjadi 82,22% dan TSS turun dari 96,35% menjadi 90,66%. HRT 36 jam dipilih sebagai HRT optimum dengan aerasi merata dan HRR 0,25. Hal ini terkait efisiensi penurunan NH4-N yang sangat tinggi karena DO >2 mg/L dengan aerasi merata dan dalam HRT yang lebih lama, serta semua parameter berada di bawah baku mutu.Kata kunci:  air limbah domestik; biofilter aerobik; efisiensi penurunan; HRT
METODA PENGHILANGAN LOGAM MERKURI DI DALAM AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (402.238 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v6i1.2447

Abstract

Industry is a potential source of water pollution, it produces pollutants that are extremely harmful to people and the environment. Many industrial facilities use freshwater to carry away waste from the plant and into rivers, lakes and oceans. Inorganic industrial wastes are more difficult to control and potentially more hazardous Industries discharge a variety of toxic compounds and heavy metals. The most pollutans heavy metals are Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Chromium, Selenium,  Mercury, Nickel, Zinc, Arsen and Chromium. Heavy metals are dangerous because they tend to bioaccumulate. Mercury for example, causes damages to the brain and the central nervous system, causes psychological changes and makes development changes in young children. Normally Mercury is a toxic substance which has no known function in human biochemistry. There are several methods to eliminate or remove mercury in water such as chemical oxidation process, ion exchange process, adsorption process, an electrochemical process, reverse osmosis process and other alternative methods likes biosorption. Each method has strengths and weaknesses, therefore to choose the method of removing of mercury in wastewater depending on pollutants conditions such as concentrations of mercury in wastewater, types of mercury, mercury concentrations in treated water, land availability, flow rate of wastewater will be processed and other parameters. This paper discusses several methods of removal of mercury heavy metals in industrial wastewater such as chemical precipitation and oxidation processes, adsorption and ion exchange process. Keywords : water pollution, heavy metals, mercury, industrial wastewater, removal methods.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SERAT PLASTIK PADA PROSES BIOFILTER TERCELUP UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA NON TOILET Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (283.759 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i2.2342

Abstract

Water pollution in the big cities in Indonesia, especially in DKI Jakarta has shown serious problems. One of the potential sources of water pollution is domestic wastewater that is wastewater from kitchens, laundry, bathing and toilets. These problems have become more serious since the spreads of sewerage systems are still low, so that domestic, institutional and commercial wastewater causes severe water pollution in many rivers or shallow ground water. Based on the fact that the progress of development of sewerage system is still low, it is important to develop low cost technology for individual house hold or semi communal wastewater treatment such as using anaerobic and aerobic submerged biofilter. This paper describes the pilot plan study of individual household wastewater treatment using anaerobic and aerobic submerged biofilter using plastic fiber media. The raw wastewater in this experiment was from household wastewater. Results of experiment shows that under operating condition 12-24 hours hydraulic retention time, the treated water was physically very clear, and according on chemical analysis the removal efficiency of BOD is 73.24 – 94.92 %, COD 65.80 – 90.76 %, total suspended solids (TSS) 95.60 – 97.69 %, and detergent (MBAS) 56.80 – 88.51 %, respectively. Compared to attempt by using charcoal media, the quality of treated water did not show  difference significantly.  Kata Kunci  : Limbah domestik non toilet, biofilter anaerob-aerob, media serat palstik.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Arie Herlambang Azmi, Khalidah Nurul Danumihardja, Irma Gusniani Firly, Firly Galih Setiaji Hartaja, Dinda Rita Krishumartani Ningtias, Berliana C. Priadi, Cindy R. Rina Tresnawaty Rudi Nugroho Ruliasih Marsidi Santos, Matih Satmoko Yudo Setyo S. Moersidik Syabani, Muhammad Rizki Teguh Iman Santoso Utomo, Kristianti wahyu widayat