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All Journal At-Turats Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Suhardiman Suhardiman
IAIN PONTIANAK
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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FIKIH HISAB - RUKYAT PERAN BADAN HISAB RUKYAT TERHADAP DINAMIKA PENENTUAN AWAL BULAN KAMARIAH DI INDONESIA Suhardiman Suhardiman
AT-TURATS Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan (FTIK) IAIN Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/at-turats.v12i1.972

Abstract

Abstrak Islam sebagai agama yang diturunkan dari langit (samawi) melalui wahyu yang disampaikan kepada Rasulullah SAW, tentu sangat memerlukan petunjuk teknis yang biasa dijelaskan melalui hadis Nabi Muhammad SAW. Terlebih lagi, apabila hal tersebut menyangkut persoalan-persoalan yang menjadi prasyarat keabsahan (sah atau tidaknya) pelaksanaan suatu ibadah, seperti ibadah puasa ramadhan, syawal dan pelaksanaan ibadah haji di bulan dzulhijjah. Dalam konteks penentuan awal bulan kamariah, terutama terkait dengan waktu pelaskanaan ibadah tersebut, petunjuk teknis mengenai bagaimana mengawalinya pada masa Rasulullah SAW dan para sahabatnya tidak mengalami dinamika seperti yang terjadi saat ini. Hal ini tentu selain Rasulullah sebagai satu-satunya otoritas tunggal dalam menentukan masalah tersebut, juga disebabkan oleh metode yang digunakan, serta wilayah hukumnya (wilayatul hukmi) tidak memunculkan beragam interpretatif. Akan tetapi persoalanya menjadi berbeda, ketika umat Islam telah menghuni seluruh bagian permukaan bumi ini, kemudian seiring dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi modern mengenai metode, tingkat akurasi hingga kriteria mengenai awal bulan tersebut, memimbulkan beragam pendapat, teori dan argumentasi. Terlepas dari beragam pendapat tersebut, Indonesia sebagai negara berpenduduk mayoritas muslim, tentunya memerlukan otoritas tunggal dalam menentukan awal bulan kamariah. Kementerian Agama RI melalui Badan Hisab dan Rukyat (BHR) dari sejak awal berdirinya telah melakukan berbagai upaya dalam menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan terkait dengan permasalahn tersebut. Kata kunci : Bulan, Kamariah, Hisab dan Rukyat.
KHIYAR DALAM JUAL BELI MOTOR BEKAS DENGAN SISTEM BELUKAR DI DESA AMBAWANG KUALA Muhammad Iwan; Moch Riza Fahmi; Suhardiman Suhardiman
Al-Aqad Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v4i1.2710

Abstract

This study aims to determine the practice of buying and selling used motorcycles with the exchange system and the practice of khiyar buying and selling used motorcycles with the exchange system in Ambawang Kuala Village. This research uses qualitative methods with empirical normative research. The data source uses primary data in the form of interviews with informants, namely sellers and buyers, while secondary data is in the form of books, journals, theses and related articles that discuss the sale and purchase of used motorcycles with the exchange system and as reinforcement for data collection. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation. The technique of checking data validity is by triangulation. Data analysis techniques are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that in the practice of buying and selling used motorcycles that occurred in the field when researchers found an element of uncertainty about the used motorcycle caused by the seller himself, namely not saying and explaining in detail about the goods being traded which resulted in losses for consumers. In terms of sharia economic law, the used motorcycle trading system is in line with the concepts contained in khiyar majlis, khiyar 'aib and khiyar conditions because when the goods have defects, they can be returned on condition that the time has been determined by the exchange. There is only one motorcycle exchange that is not in accordance with khiyar syarat, where the goods have defects and can be returned unconditionally.
Co-Authors Moch Riza Fahmi Muhammad Iwan