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Rancang Bangun Quadcopter untuk Pemantauan Kadar Karbon Monoksida di Udara Arya Adi Saputra; Andi Dharmawan
IJEIS (Indonesian Journal of Electronics and Instrumentation Systems) Vol 3, No 1 (2013): April
Publisher : IndoCEISS in colaboration with Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (938.062 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijeis.3835

Abstract

AbstrakKarbon monoksida yang dihasilkan dari limbah industri merupakan hasil pembakaran tidak sempurna gas alam dan material lain yang mengandung karbon. Karena merupakan gas beracun yang tidak berwarna, tidak berbau, dan tidak berbahaya, gas ini cukup berbahaya jika terhirup oleh manusia. Oleh karena itu, untuk dapat mencegah hal tersebut, dibutuhkan suatu sistem yang dapat membantu mengetahui kadar gas karbon monoksida hasil buangan limbah industri di udara, yang mana dapat mencapai tempat-tempat yang tidak dapat dijangkau oleh manusia. Dalam skripsi ini dilakukan penelitian mengenai suatu cara/alternatif untuk membantu mengetahui kadar gas di tempat-tempat yang tidak dapat dijangkau oleh manusiayang diimplementasikan pada quadcopter.Quadcopter merupakan wahana terbang yang bergerak menggunakan empat buah baling-baling. Quadcopter dibuat dengan rangka utama aluminium disertai dengan pengendali utamanya arduino mega. Rangkaian tersebut dilengkapi dengan modul Razor 9 DOF IMU yang didalamnya terdapat sensor accelerometer ADXL345, gyroscope ITG-3200 dan magnetometer HMC5883L untuk menjaga keseimbangan terbangnya. Aktuatornya berupa 4 buah motor brushless yang dikendalikan menggunakan algoritma PID. Quadcopter tersebut dapat dikendalikan dari jarak jauh menggunakan remote control. Program antar muka akuisisi data kadar karbon monoksida ini digunakan sebagai Ground Segment, yang mana menampilkan akuisisi data karbon monoksida dan data dari dinamika terbang Quadcopter sendiri dengan menampilkan sudut yaw, pitch, dan roll serta data kecepatan motor. Pada ketinggian ±5 meter, quadcopter masih dapat mengambil sample data kadar gas dengan aman sebelum kestabilan quadcopter terganggu  karena pengaruh angin diatas ketinggian 5 meter. Kata kunci— quadcopter, akuisisi, data, karbon monoksida AbstractCarbon monoxide is produced from industrial waste is the result of incomplete combustion of natural gas and other carbon-containing materials. Because it is a poisonous gas that is colorless, odorless, and harmless, the gas is quite dangerous when inhaled by humans. Therefore, in order to prevent that, we need a system that can help determine levels of carbon monoxide a waste product of industrial waste in the air, which can reach places inaccessible by humans. In this thesis research on a way / alternative to help determine levels of gas in places that can not be reached by manusiayang implemented on Quadcopter.Quadcopter flying is a vehicle that moves using four propellers. Quadcopter made with aluminum main frame with the main controller arduino mega. The series is equipped with a 9 DOF Razor IMU module in which there are sensor ADXL345 accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer ITG-3200 HMC5883L to balance flight. Aktuatornya be 4 pieces brushless motor is controlled using PID algorithm. Quadcopter can be controlled remotely using the remote control. The program interface data acquisition carbon monoxide levels are used as a Ground Segment, which displays the carbon monoxide data acquisition and data from the dynamic flying Quadcopter themselves by displaying angles yaw, pitch, and roll as well as the motor speed data. At a height of ± 5 meters, Quadcopter can still take the data sample gas levels safely before stability Quadcopter disrupted because of the wind above a height of 5 meters. Keywords— quadcopter, data, acquisition, carbon monoxide
Exergy, Emission, and Operational Cost Analysis of Cofiring Coal-Fired Power Plant Systems Saputra, Arya Adi
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 12 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i12.51938

Abstract

Indonesia's electricity sector remains heavily dependent on coal-fired steam power plants (PLTU), which account for more than 50% of the national energy mix. This study aims to evaluate the impact of biomass cofiring implementation on the thermodynamic, environmental, and economic performance of PLTU Banten 2 Labuan Unit 1, which has a capacity of 300 MW. The methodology involves thermodynamic simulation using Cycle-Tempo software to calculate energy efficiency and exergy, as well as the cost of exergy destruction as part of an exergoeconomic analysis. The results show that the cofiring scenario of 95% coal and 5% biomass is the most optimal configuration. This scenario yields an exergy efficiency of 37.55%, with a reduction in exergy destruction of 7,119 kW compared to 100% coal. Economically, it provides fuel cost savings of 3.2% and a reduction in the cost of exergy destruction of Rp1,623,600 per hour. Environmentally, it reduces CO₂ emissions by 6.25 tons per hour, demonstrating a tangible contribution to emissions reduction in the energy sector. This study concludes that biomass cofiring technology, especially at a 95:5 ratio, offers a viable energy transition solution that can be gradually adopted by existing coal-fired power plants in Indonesia. The results are expected to serve as a technical and strategic reference for developing low-carbon energy policies and optimizing the operation of biomass-cofiring-based power plants.