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Rahmat Satoto
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Computer Science & IT Physics

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PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI SIFAT MEKANIK KOMPOSIT POLYPROPYLENE DENGAN LIMBAH DAUN MANGGA SEBAGAI FILLER Ernawaty, Erni; Satoto, Rahmat; Rusdiana, Dadi
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Publisher : Program Studi Fisika

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Abstract

Telah dilakukan pembuatan komposit partikulat menggunakan limbah daun mangga sebagai filler dengan ukuran saringan 100 dan 140 mesh. Matriks yang digunakan adalah polimer jenis Polypropylene (PP) dengan perbandingan komposisi partikel limbah daun mangga dan Polypropylene adalah 10:90, 15:85, 20:80, dan 25:75. Pencampuran dilakukan menggunakan Internal Mixer pada suhu 1800C dengan kecepatan rotor 50 rpm selama 6 menit, yang kemudian di cetak menggunakan Hot and Cold Press Molding. Sample yang sudah dicetak dikarakterisasi sifat mekaniknya meliputi uji tarik (tensile test), uji lengkung (bending test) menggunakan Universal Testing Machine dan uji kekerasan (hardness test) menggunakan Rockwell Hardness Tester sehingga didapatkan nilai kekuatan tarik (tensile strength), yield strain, modulus elastisitas tarik (modulus elasticity of tensile), kekuatan lengkung (bending strength), modulus elastisitas lengkung (modulus elasticity of bending) dan kekuatan tekan (hardness strength). Hasil pengujian menunjukan adanya penurunan sifat mekanik seiring dengan bertambahnya komposisi limbah daun mangga sebagai filler pada komposit. Hal tersebut dikarenakan filler limbah daun mangga menurunkan sifat plastisitas dari polimer polypropylene. Ukuran partikel limbah daun mangga 140 mesh menunjukan nilai tensile strength, yield strain, dan modulus elasticity of tensile yang lebih besar dibandingkan 100 mesh, sedangkan nilai bending strength, modulus elasticity of bending, dan hardness strength menunjukan ukuran partikel 100 mesh lebih besar dibandingkan 140 mesh.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN LIMBAH DAUN SUKUN TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN KEKERASAN ROCKWELL KOMPOSIT PE/DAUN SUKUN Rohmah, Siti; Satoto, Rahmat; Suhandi, Andi
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Publisher : Program Studi Fisika

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Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai penambahan persen komposisi massa daun sukun dalam komposit PE/daun Sukun yang ramah lingkungan. Daun sukun yang digunakan merupakan limbah daun kering yang telah gugur dari pohonnya. Pembuatan dilakukan dengan membuat daun sukun menjadi serbuk berukuran 140 mesh menggunakan mesin penghancur untuk kemudian disaring dengan penyaring wire mesh machine. Selanjutnya dilakukan pencampuran daun sukun dengan polyethylene dalam internal mixer Labo Plastomill pada suhu pelelehan 145oC. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengamati perubahan %massa daun sukun 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25% terhadap kekuatan tarik, modulus elastisitas, %elongasi dan kekerasan Rockwell. Penelitian menunjukan, penambahan daun sukun dalam komposit PE/daun sukun menurunkan nilai kuat tarik, %elongasi, dan kekerasan Rockwell tetapi meningkatkan nilai modulus elastisitasnya.
BALLISTIC IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF WOVEN FABRICS POLYMER COMPOSITES WITH DIFFERENT STRUCTURES AND CONFIGURATIONS Satoto, Rahmat; Nugroho, Pramono; Santosa, Tata
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 32, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v32i1.50

Abstract

This study reports the ballistic penetration performance of a composite materials composed of woven Kevlar fabric, woven nylon fabric, woven ramie fabrics impregnated with compatible resins and hybrid composite construction of these three structures. The composite panels were tested by low velocity bullet (around 322 m/s) in incident angle of 0o according to level I NIJ 0101.04. The effects of fabric configuration, composite structure, and the resin compatibility on ballistic performance were investigated. Composites with Kevlar-A363F fabric performed the best among these composites. Composite of 4 layers kevlar-A363F shows the better performance than 32 layer composites of nylon- oxford X7 and 48 layers ramie fabrics. Ballistic penetration mechanism of the fabric-reinforced composites demonstrated that breakage, matrix cracking, and delamination are three typical mechanisms of failure and energy absorption. In the kevlar-A363F composites, ballistic impact causes the blunting of a projectile. This projectile deformation is seen as an effective mechanism of energy absorption. Kinetic energy of a blunt projectile will be absorbed by wider cross section of the next fabric layer, so the projectile velocity slows down until it stops. The enhancement of ballistic performance is shown to be associated with the fiber strength, construction, fabric configuration, and matrix compatibility. It is likely that the best design of bullet proof composite can be identified.
Molecular Conformation and Thermal Diffusivity by Temperature Wave Analysis of Electric Polarized Biaxially Stretched Polyethylene Terephthalate Films Satoto, Rahmat; Nugroho, Pramono
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 32, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v32i2.4

Abstract

Structural and conformation of biaxially polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films after being polarized by electricfield was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The 950 kV/cm electric field was applied during the sample heating and cooling at 28-100-28oC. The electric field was directed to the sample thickness. Thermal diffusivity of the polarized PET films in the thickness direction was characterized using temperature wave analysis (TWA) as a function of temperature. An orientation function of 1719 cm-1 band which was assigned to a permanent dipole of C=O, shows an increasing orientation with the increase of polarization field. Thermal diffusivity also increased with the increasing of electric polarization field. The orientation function of 1340, 971 and 847 cm-1 bands did not show a clear tendency due to the polarization field. The correlation of molecule conformation change and thermal diffusivity in the biaxially stretched PET films is discussed.
Effect of Electric Polarization on Thermal Diffusivity of Biaxially Stretched Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Films Satoto, Rahmat
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 32, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v32i2.5

Abstract

The effect of the electric field polarization on the thermal diffusivity of biaxially stretched poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films had been examined. The change in the thermal diffusivity as a function of temperature was measured by temperature wave analysis (TWA) technique. The thermal diffusivity at room temperature increases with the increasing of the polarization electric field. The thermal diffusivity decreases with the increasing of the temperature. The decrease of thermal diffusivity by the increase of temperature could be caused by the effect of carbonyl depolarization. The glass transition temperature, Tg, decreased with the increasing of the polarization electric field. The increase of thermal diffusivity is due to the increase of carbonyl polarization of the PET. Segmental orientation of carbonyl in the thickness direction played an important role in the thermal diffusivity. These results implied that the temperature dependence of the thermal diffusivity was related to the change of the dipolar relaxation and microstructure of PET.
Projectile Failure Mechanisms on The Ballistic Multilayer and Ceramic Laminated Composite Panels Satoto, Rahmat
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 38, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v38i2.169

Abstract

Impact on composite structures was a critical topic with great importance in the ballistic materials. Laminated composites have great potential in the design of lightweight armour. This paper presents an experimental study of the ballistic behavior of full metal jacketed projectiles on multilayer kevlar composites and ceramic-laminated kevlar panels. Both kind the ballistic panels were serial shot tested with 9 mm caliber bullet. The projectile velocity was 436 15 m/s and weight of 8.2 g (124 grain). Local as well as global deformations during impact was considered in the evaluation of indentation, penetration, perforation and delamination phases. The delamination was increased with serial number of shots. It was found that a composite panel with areal density of 16.4 kg/m2 and thickness of 10.5 mm comply with level IIIA of NIJ 0101.04 Rev.A. Understanding crack propagation and damage development under high energy impact loads may open new opportunities for the use of these composites in lightweight armour applications.
Co-Authors A. Suhandi Erni Ernawaty, Erni Nugroho, Pramono Santosa, Tata Siti Rohmah