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J. R. Shi
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation

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A QUANTIFICATION ANALYSIS OF SUBURB LAND USE AND CONSTRUCTION INTENSITY BASED ON AFAR: A CASE OF THE LAND DEVELOPMENT AROUND ZIJINGANG CAMPUS, ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY J. R. Shi; X. M. Zhao; F. Zheng; K. Hokao; J. Ge
Lowland Technology International Vol 15 No 2, Dec (2013)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

China is facing an increasing urbanization in the edge area surrounding main metropolises. This paper targets at analyzing the construction mechanism of land use planning near suburban college towns. Theories and methods such as typical case analysis, mathematical model, and space capacity analysis were used to quantify the mechanism. A typical suburban block, Zijingang Campus Town of Zhejiang University was taken as the case. Since the key index (floor are ratio) indicates the construction intension of a patch of land, it is necessary to examine its appropiate range. The analysis result shows that there are differences in architectural prosperity and urban function by means of several designs. According to the guidelines of urban master planning and urban detailed plan, the Appropiate Floor Area Ratio (AFAR) calculated and deduced based on Economic Floor Area Ratio (EFAR) and Max/Min Floor Area Ratio (MFAR) can be useful in ratifying land development intensity, predicting future tend and evaluating city planning projects.
The relationship between tourist’s path selection and space image: A case study of peripheral lines surrounding the West Lake X. M. Zhao; J. R. Shi; Y. Y. Duan; Y. X. Lei; K. Hokao
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Relationship between space image and tourists’ path selection patterns plays a very important role in landscape planning and design in scenic areas. Based on research of West Lake scenic area in Hang Zhou, this article studies the small scale space scenic images and big scale spatial structure images through questionnaire surveys, image recognition, image sketch, factor analysis, dynamic observation and other methods. The results indicate that there are four main types of space activities among the West Lake tourists, namely (1) the general activity type in the Bai Causeway and Su Causeway, (2) the general activity type in the Sunset Glow at Leifeng Pagoda, (3) the surrounding activity type in the Evening Bell at Nanping Hill, and (4) the surrounding activity type in the Music Fountain Square; and the proportion score has it in order from high to low. The score results of tourists' identifying picture and frequency of the five elements of space image in image maps are consistent with four main types of space activities observed by dynamic lines. Therefore, tourists' perception results of space image can directly affect the route choice behavior. And the more image elements can be perceived, the more reasonable path choices can be made. Finally, the research puts forward some suggestions tentatively on the planning and design of the West Lake area.
Impacts of ideological trends of renaissance architecture on royal garden design of Qing Dynasty, China: a Lowland and Wetland case of the Old Summer Palace (Yuan Ming Yuan) X. M. Zhao; Y. Lu; J. R. Shi; H. Liu; Y. Chen; Z. Wang; K. Hokao
Lowland Technology International Vol 19 No 1, June (2017)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Planning and design methodology of residential areas in ancient time is a comprehensive transition of technology and aesthetics, where imperial palatial projects play an exemplary role. Through the process of the Age of Discovery, European culture infiltrated into China's architectures, especially the royal gardens and palaces in Qing Dynasty. Ideological trends of Renaissance architecture present a diverse phenomenon into Chinese palace design of Yuan Ming Yuan. The Old Summer Palace buildings were analyzed in terms of their components such as column, dome, sculpture and decoration, door and wall, the proportion of elements, etc. The results prove that the cultural phenomenon is a convergence of and technology and aesthetics between European and Chinese.
IDENTIFYING PUBLIC PREFERENCES FOR THE VALUE OF DAILY USED OPEN SPACES USING THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS – A CASE STUDY OF HANGZHOU CITY, CHINA J. R. Shi; X. M. Zhao; J. Ge; K. Hokao; Z. Wang
Lowland Technology International Vol 8 No 2, Dec (2006)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Although much research exists on whether public open spaces are satisfactory with respect to users‘ perception, designers often neglect residents‘ preferences before a project is to be authorized. Especially when they design daily used open spaces that are located near or inside residential areas, the value of spatial environments is not paid enough attention to. This study applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to a field survey in order to compare the residents‘ perspectives concerning three general attributes (functional, aesthetic and ecological) and ten specific qualities of daily used open spaces. AHP is a methodology that assists respondents to make subtle trade-offs in unquantifiable attributes by means of measuring the relative preference of one attribute over another. Although this methodology is entirely different from other choice-based methods considering the cost-efficiency, the results of AHP offer a systematic method to examine the demands of those unheeded people. The results of the AHP application into data collected from the Chinese residents find that public preferences for daily used open spaces are stronger for the functional attribute, rather than the aesthetic attribute in the ancient Chinese tradition. Furthermore, comparisons of ten specific qualities show that the public prefers the open spaces that can be utilized conveniently and easily for group activities, because such spaces keep an active lifestyle of neighborhood communication, which also is seen to protect human-regarding residential environments.
A QUANTIFICATION ANALYSIS OF CAMPUS BEHAVIORAL DYNAMICS USING THE INFORMATION ENTROPY X. M. Zhao; J. R. Shi; J. Ge; K. Hokao; Z. Wang
Lowland Technology International Vol 10 No 1, June (2008)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Measuring complexity of the dynamic system has become a common practice for describing spatial structural properties in the fields of urban geography and landscape ecology. In China, college campuses can be regarded as a kind of complex system since the campuses accommodate multiple functions, such as education, research, leisure, residence and so on. Considerably diversified human activities are daily performed in campus open spaces. How to characterize the distribution dynamics of daily activities calls for much attention of architects and planners. Nonetheless, the resultant dynamics of human activities is often irregular and patchy, giving rise to intricate distribution patterns that can be difficult to characterize. Herein, the issue of characterizing the temporal-spatial-categorial Diversity of Activity Distribution (DAD) in open spaces was addressed and a method of quantifying the complexity of patchy activity dynamics was proposed. The method was inspired by information-based measures of entropy, and the proposed Behavioral Entropy Index (BEI) can distinguish the distribution of activities in open spaces between simple (convergent) and complex (random) temporal-spatial-categorial mosaics. The method was demonstrated using sample data through a survey on two typical college campuses at Hangzhou City, China. The results show that the BEIs effectively illuminate the behavioral dynamics, rather than the conventional index of absolute population or simple percentage; moreover, proper facilities, natural environments and campus management all facilitate improving the behavioral complexity.
SPATIAL INFLUENCE ON HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN OPEN SPACE USING THE ENTROPY METHOD: A CASE STUDY OF CAMPUS COMMUNITIES IN HANGZHOU CITY, CHINA J. R. Shi; X. M. Zhao; H. Liu; K. Hokao; Z. Wang; J. Ge
Lowland Technology International Vol 13 No 2, Dec (2011)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The rapid urbanization of Chinese cities has been resulting to the degradation of urban residential environments. As a representative of green areas, residential open spaces play key roles to balance the needs for both conservation and development. Traditional ways to observe resident’s behavior mode only by calculating the absolute population count is not perfect. In order to achieve the goal of public benefits, this study attempts to develop traditional behavior approaches to establish an unconventional determinant factor to enable the examination of temporal regulation, spatial distribution and activity category of residents’ behavior through the Behavior Entropy Index (BEI). Through this study, the author hopes to provide recommendations to interrelate the local view into planning process. The data was collected in 6 different residential areas and 4 campuses in Hangzhou. In sum, the result obtained from the study aiming to not only satisfy residents’ desire of the improvement of open space but also bring to professional’s attention by examining the diversity of user’s behavior in the context of residential open space utilization and finding out physical factors which influence their satisfaction and behavior. The samples can be hopefully extended to reasonably represent the overall situation of Yangtze River Delta and provide a valuable reference for other regions of China.
Co-Authors F. Zheng H. Liu J. Ge K. Hokao X. M. Zhao Y. Chen Y. Lu Y. X. Lei Y. Y. Duan Z. Wang