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Aktivitas Antifeedant dan Antioviposisi Ekstrak Daun Tithonia terhadap Kutu Kebul Dian Susanti; Rahma Widyastuti; Ato Sulistyo
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 17, No 2 (2015): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The increasing demand of jamu/traditional medicine was followed by the demands of raw materials quality based on Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP) yield and standard quality. Bio-insecticide is an effort to fulfill the standard based on GACP. Indonesian’s biodiversity have many potential raw materials of bio-insecticides, such as Tithonia diversifolia. The most common pest in the medicinal plants is Aleurodicus dugesii (giant whiteflies), this insect belong to Hemiptera ordo and Aleyrodidae family. The research was conducted to determine the antifeedant and anti-oviposition activity of Tithonia bio-insecticide against giant whitefly on Coleus species. The experimental design was completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments of Tithonia leaves extract consentrations. Those consentrations were 0, 4, 2, 1, and 0,5 mg L-1. The treatments were tested by using a no-choice test with three replications. The extract of Tithonia leaves was prepared by infundation method by using water solvent. Results showed that extracts of Tithonia with the smallest concentration (0,5 mg L-1) has an active role as an anti-oviposition and antifeedant on giant whiteflies.

Toksisitas Ekstrak Biji Mahoni Terhadap Ulat Plutella xylostella pada Daun Kubis Ayu Putri Dwi Ariyanti; Subagiya Subagiya; Ato Sulistyo
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 22, No 1 (2020): Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Plutella xylostella is one of cabbage’s main pests. Botanical insecticides as alternative of chemical insecticides need to be expand, one of them is mahogany seed extract. Mahogany seed exctract contains saponin and flavonoid as reported mortal to P. xylostella. This study aimed to know the effective concentration of mahogany seed extract to manage P. xylostella different larva instar and to know LC50 value of mahogany seed extract to P. xylostella. This method used was completely randomized experimental design (CRD). Two factors used were mahogany seed exctract concentrations (0 gL-1, 5 gL-1, 10 gL-1, 20 gL-1, and 40 gL-1) and larva instar (first and third instar). Each treatment repeated four times. The results showed that percentage of larva mortality first instar higher than third instar. Concentration 20 gL-1 of mahogany seed exctract effective to kill first instar larva, and concentration 40 gL-1 effective for third instar. Percentage of pupa mortality highest in concentration 10 gL-1 for first instar and concentration 40 gL-1 for third instar larva. Antifeedant increased as concentration given, while the eating ability that higher in third instar was decreased. LC50 for first instar larva was 2,6 gL-1 and third instar was 13,7 gL-1, meaned that mahogany seed extract more toxic to first instar than third instar larva.

Efikasi Dry Ice terhadap Sitophilus oryzae dan Tribolium castaneum pada Beras Kemasan Plastik di Dataran Tinggi Aisyah Aisyah; Subagiya Subagiya; Ato Sulistyo
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 18, No 1 (2016): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum are pest that can always attack rice in long periode storage. Rice in the plastic packaging that spread in market has not did fumigation, so the pest can attack faster than rice in sack packaging. This research was aimed to understand the effectiveness of dry ice to attack S. oryzae and T. castaneum with effect of dry ice to rice in plastic packaging at high land. This research used completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was dose of dry ice and second factor was wrapper of dry ice. The data was analyzed in variance analysis then continue with Duncan Mean Range Test (DMRT). The result showed that dose of dry ice 10 g/rice 5 kg can effect for 90,83 % mortality of S. oryzae and T. castaneum but it have not made effect for imago and larvae population. Also, dry ice was not make effect for rice weight and rice quality (color of rice, scent of rice and taste of rice).

Efektivitas Limbah Debu Tembakau sebagai Insektisida Nabati terhadap Ulat Grayak Yumna Aqilah Khairunnisa; Sholahuddin Sholahuddin; Ato Sulistyo
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 21, No 2 (2019): Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Botanical pesticides produced from tobacco plants are reported to be the most toxic compared to other types of plants because it contain 2-8% nicotine substances. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of tobacco dust waste extracts and determine the concentration of the most effective tobacco dust waste extract against armyworms. This research was conducted in Laboratory of Pest and Plant Disease and C Green House Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta from April-July 2018. The stages of this study include the multiplication of S. litura test larvae, preparation of botanical insecticides from tobacco dust waste, mortality test, antifeedant test and phytotoxicity test. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that tobacco dust waste was able to increase the mortality of S. litura larvae, but with a slower effect compared to the treatment of profenofos. Feeding barriers are not seen in the test larvae. The phytotoxicity test shows that tobacco dust waste was not toxic to plants. Based on probit analysis, the concentration of tobacco dust waste which was capable of killing 50% of the population of S. litura was equal to 53.10 gL-1.

Respon Populasi Kutu Daun Persik Terhadap Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk pada Cabai Nur Raisa Amalina; Subagiya Subagiya; Ato Sulistyo
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 20, No 1 (2018): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Myzus persicae is the main pest in chili which causes decreasing production and qualities of chili. The was aimed to know the effect of Pomelo and Orange’s peel extract to controlling green peach aphids population. The research was conducted in screen house located in Colomadu, Karanganyar regency from October 2017- January 2018. This research used Randomized Complete Design with 2 factors i.e variety of orange’s peel extract and levels of concentration. The various Citrus’s peel extract consisted of Pomelo’s peel extract and Orange’s peel extract. Levels of concentration from each extracts i.e 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16%. Each treatment replicated 5 times. The result showed that Citrus peel extracts had effect on the green peach aphid population and had no effect on the growth of chili. The LC50 value of Pomelo and Orange’s peel extracts were 4,77% and 5,56%. Pomelo and orange peel extract treatment on differrent concentration was not give effect on the percentage of the attack intensity.

Pengaplikasian Dry Ice Untuk Pengendalian Cylas formicarius pada Ubi Ketela Rambat Afni Kurnia Firmani; Subagiya Subagiya; Ato Sulistyo
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 20, No 2 (2018): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Cylas formicarius is the main pest of sweet potatoes especially in storage. Damage from the pest attacks can reduce yields up to 97% and even minor damage causes sweet potatoes cannot be consumed because they taste bitter and toxic. Warehouse pest control such as C. formicarius is generally carried out by fumigation. Dry ice is a solid CO₂ that can be used as a fumigant to control warehouse pests. This study aims to determine the application of dry ice as fumigant and different storage places for C. formicaius in sweet potatoes. The variables observed C. formicarius population and mortality, weight loss, decrease in water content, level of damage to sweet potatoes and taste testing. The results showed that the population of C. formicarius in control higher than the other treatments, in the storage area in the population space C. formicarius is higher than in dark storage. Mortality in the treatment of giving dry ice reached 100% at the dose of 5g, 10g and 15g. Weight reduction and decrease in water content in sweet potatoes correlate with each other where in the control treatment changes in weight and water content are highest compared to other treatments. Storage places have no effect on weight loss and loss of water content in sweet potatoes. Taste of sweet potatoes before and after the shelf life with the dry ice application has not changed.

Toksisitas Biji Srikaya Terhadap Kumbang Tepung (Tribolium Castaneum) Pada Gandum Subagiya Subagiya; Ato Sulistyo; Umi Nurchasanah
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 20, No 1 (2018): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of main food source with carbohydrates which is consumed by world people. The loss of wheat during storage is caused by pests attack. Flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) is one of the main pests of wheat flour. Biological insectisidies is a solution to solve the attack of warehouse pests. The aim of research are to study the effectiveness of srikaya seeds on T. castaneum in wheat flour and to study the quality of wheat flour after the application srikaya seeds to T. castaneum. The research were be held in Pandan Rejo Village, Kebakkramat Sub-District, Karanganyar Regency on 105 asl altitude during September until October 2017. The research use Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors of four repetitions. Dose treatment for Srikaya seeds consist of four levels of controls, 2.5 g/100 g wheat, 5 g/100 g wheat, and 10 g/100 g of wheat and the form of application consist of two kinds are 0.5 mm srikaya seed and 1 mm srikaya seed. Research variables which are observed were toxicity srikaya seed, imago mortality, moisture content, wheight shrinkage of wheat, color of wheat, and odor of wheat. The result show that LD50 of srikaya seed on a form 0.5 mm is 3.97 g/100 g wheat and form 1 mm is 4.70 g/100 g wheat. The application of the srikaya seed to minimize changes in quality wheat. The lowest shrinkage weight is 2.43 g and highest on the control of wheat color 5.805 g. control treatment from while to white murky scales (2). Scent control treatment of wheat does not become musty semlling scented (1).

Potensi Minyak Atsiri Kulit Buah Jeruk Nipis untuk Pengendalian Crocidolomia Pavonana Nidia Melati Al Anshori; Retno Wijayanti; Ato Sulistyo
Agrotechnology Research Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agrotechnology Research Journal
Publisher : Perkumpulan Agroteknologi/Agroekoteknologi Indonesia

Cabbage head caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana) is a major pest on Brassicaceae. Control using chemical insecticides to control this pest can resistance. When used as a lime peel essential oil is thought to be cabbage head caterpillar pest control compounds that contain monoterpene. This study is conducted in August 2016- January 2017. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor is the concentration of essential oil. Variables measured were Larvicide, antifeedant, antioviposition, and phytotoxocity. The research results showed that essential oil of lime peel cause mortality of larvae of C. pavonana slowly. antifeedant activity due to the essential oil of less than 50%. Inhibition of egg laying was significant at concentration of 0.2% (73.3%),0.8% and 1.6% (80%). Essential oil causes necrosis of leaf less than 10%.

Kajian Penggunaan Debu Limbah Tembakau dan Pemberian Vermikompos Terhadap Populasi Ditilenchus pada Bawang Merah Yanuar Mahir Hermawan; Subagiya Subagiya; Ato Sulistyo
Agrotechnology Research Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agrotechnology Research Journal
Publisher : Perkumpulan Agroteknologi/Agroekoteknologi Indonesia

Shallot is a high value commodity for Indonesian people. The rate of shallot production is considered quite slow considering of the increasing population, income, and the area of shallot cultivation. On the cultivation of shallots common obstacle of Ditylenchus that cause damage to the stems and shallot bulb. The dust of tobacco and vermicompost waste is known to suppress the development of nematodes. This study aims to examine the use of tobacco ash waste and vermicompost on the population of Ditylenchus nematodes as well as the growth and yield of shallot. This research was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakata in August to December 2016. The study was performed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments in the form of tobacco dust, vermicompost, combined tobacco dust and vermicompost and control treatment. Data were analyzed using variance test (F test) with 5% level. If the result shows significant effect then followed by DMRT of 5% level. The result of this research showed that the use of combination of tobacco ash waste and vermicompost could decrease nematode ditylenchus population in the soil. The use of tobacco ash waste could decrease total of parasite nematode population on plant tissue. The treatment didn’t give any effect to shallot’s yield. Shallot’s yield was not influenced by the existence of nematode ditylenchus and another on plant tissue.

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