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All Journal Journal Of World Science Jurnal Konstruksi Jurnal Atma Inovasia Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Ni Nyoman Kencanawati
Universitas Mataram
Aerospace Engineering Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Neuroscience Social Sciences Other

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Preplaced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (PLWAC) Dengan Bahan Agregat Kasar Batu Apung dan Fly Ash Sebagai Agregat Halus Adhika Raffi Athallarizq; Ngudiyono; Akmaluddin; Buan Anshari; Hariyadi; Ni Nyoman Kencanawati; Tri Sulistyowati
Jurnal Konstruksi Vol 24 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Konstruksi
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Garut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33364/konstruksi/v.24-1.3444

Abstract

Concrete is a composite material widely used because it has high compressive strength; however, it has a weakness in the form of high density. Lightweight concrete innovation such as Preplaced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (PLWAC) offers a solution, using a method in which lightweight aggregate is first placed into the mold and then filled with grouting material, which is expected to reduce density. This study uses pumice stone as coarse aggregate and fly ash as fine aggregate. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of variations in the cement-to-fly ash ratio on the flowability and compressive strength of the grouting material, as well as to evaluate the mechanical properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength) and physical properties (density and water absorption) of PLWAC. The grouting material used variations of cement-to-fly ash ratios of 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2. The grouting method was carried out using manual pumping into molds that had been filled with pumice aggregate. The specimens consisted of 12 cubes measuring 50 mm × 50 mm × 50 mm for grouting material compressive strength testing, 28 cylinders measuring 150 mm × 150 mm for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and absorption tests, and 12 beams measuring 150 mm × 150 mm × 530 mm for PLWAC flexural strength testing. The test results at 56 days show that increasing the fly ash content caused a decrease in mechanical properties. The highest compressive strength of the grouting material was 28.64 MPa at a ratio of 1:0.5. Meanwhile, PLWAC achieved the highest compressive strength of 6.22 MPa, splitting tensile strength of 1.27 MPa, and flexural strength of 1.28 MPa. The lowest PLWAC density was obtained in the cement-to-fly ash composition of 1:2, at 1,388.3 kg/m³, with water absorption of 28.79 percent.
Effect of Using Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) on Physical, Mechanical, and Microstructure Properties of Recycled Coarse Aggregate Concrete Heating Grinding Method Iram Syahrani; Ni Nyoman Kencanawati; Ngudiyono Ngudiyono; Miko Eniarti
Journal of World Science Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): Journal of World Science
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jws.v4i4.1345

Abstract

Concrete is a widely used material in civil engineering projects. However, the excessive use of natural coarse aggregates can disrupt environmental balance and generate non-biodegradable concrete waste. An innovative solution to this problem is the use of recycled coarse aggregates. Nevertheless, recycled aggregates often cause microcracks and weak interface transition zones (ITZ) due to the presence of old mortar. This study aims to evaluate the effect of SBR additives on the physical, mechanical, and microscopic properties of concrete using recycled coarse aggregates processed through the heating-grinding (H-G) method, compared to conventional concrete. The research was conducted by varying the SBR content at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% by weight of mixing water. The results show that H-G concrete with 5% SBR content demonstrated the best performance, closely approaching the properties of normal concrete. Improvements were observed in compressive strength by 5.40%, split tensile strength by 0.59%, modulus of elasticity by 8.59%, and a reduction in water absorption by 5.02% compared to H-G concrete without SBR. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis also indicated that the addition of SBR effectively minimized microcracks and improved the quality of the ITZ. In conclusion, the addition of 5% SBR to recycled aggregate concrete significantly enhances its physical and mechanical properties, providing a promising alternative for sustainable construction. The implication of this study is the potential broader application of recycled aggregates with SBR additives to reduce the environmental impact of concrete production.
Konstruksi Bangunan Sederhana dan Tahan Gempa SDN 7 Sape Kabupaten Bima Dewandha Mas Agastya; Fera Fitri Salsabila; Nyoman Merdana; Pathurahman; Evrianti Syntia Dewi; Hariyadi; Ni Nyoman Kencanawati
Jurnal Atma Inovasia Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/jai.v6i4.14234

Abstract

Bima Regency is an area with significant earthquake risk, making the application of earthquake – resistant construction principles in educational facilities essential. However, the understanding of construction workers and the local community regarding technical standards for earthquake – resistant buildings is still limited. This community service activity aimed to improve knowledge and implementation of simple earthquake – resistant construction principles in school facility development at SD Negeri 7 Sape, Bima Regency. The methods included socialization activities on the technical requirements of earthquake – resistant buildings followed by direct supervision and assistance during construction work. The materials delivered covered building material quality, structural dimensions and elements, structural connections, and construction workmanship quality. The results showed an improvement in workers and community members understanding of earthquake – resistant construction principles and better application of structural details, such as proper stirrup spacing, adequate concrete cover, and the use of 135˚ stirrup hooks. The activity also increased awareness regarding the importance of material quality and accuracy in construction work. Therefore, this community service program contributes positively to improving the quality of simple earthquake – resistant buildings and supports disaster risk education efforts in educational facilities.
A Comprehensive Examination of Coarse Aggregate Selection Utilized in Concrete Production Across Several Ready-Mix Companies. Case Study on Lombok Island Alvian Samudra; Ni Nyoman Kencanawati; Jauhar Fajrin
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 8 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i8.53281

Abstract

The increasing demand for ready-mix concrete in Lombok Island has intensified the need for high-quality coarse aggregates capable of ensuring concrete strength, durability, and long-term performance. However, variations in aggregate characteristics, mining permit compliance, and operational conditions among quarry sources complicate the selection process. This study aims to determine the most suitable coarse aggregate source for ready-mix concrete production by integrating the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), followed by validation through laboratory testing. Primary data were collected through field observations, expert interviews, and pairwise comparison questionnaires involving directors, production managers, and quality control personnel from five ready-mix concrete companies on Lombok Island. The ANP method was employed to determine the relative importance of decision criteria and sub-criteria, while TOPSIS was used to rank five alternative aggregate sources. Laboratory tests, including gradation, abrasion resistance, specific gravity, and silt content analyses, were conducted to verify the decision-making results. The findings indicate that technical criteria (0.445) and mining permit criteria (0.419) are the most influential factors in aggregate selection. TOPSIS ranked Pringgabaya as the best alternative (0.6169), followed by Sembelia (0.5878), while Bilelando obtained the lowest preference value. Laboratory testing generally confirmed the decision-making results, particularly for gradation, specific gravity, and silt content. The study concludes that the integrated ANP–TOPSIS approach provides a reliable and comprehensive decision-support framework for selecting coarse aggregates and can improve material selection practices in ready-mix concrete production.
Effect of Liquid-to-Solid (L/S) Ratio on The Characteristics of Metakaolinbased Geopolymer Mortar for Lightweight Panel Applications Alriadi Alriadi; Jauhar Fajrin; Ni Nyoman Kencanawati; Ngudiyono Ngudiyono; Akmaluddin Akmaluddin
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 9 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i9.53447

Abstract

The development of low-carbon construction materials has become increasingly important to mitigate the environmental impacts associated with the extensive use of Portland cement. Metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar has emerged as a promising alternative binder due to its environmental advantages and favorable engineering properties. This study aimed to determine the optimum liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio and evaluate its effects on the compressive strength, density, and water absorption of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar. An experimental laboratory investigation was conducted using five liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios of 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, 0.55, and 0.60. The evaluated properties included compressive strength, density, and water absorption. Statistical significance was assessed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).The L/S ratio significantly influenced all measured properties. The optimum performance was achieved at an L/S ratio of 0.45, which resulted in the highest compressive strength (16.60 MPa), the highest density (1.96 g/cm³), and the lowest water absorption (4%). One-way ANOVA confirmed that the L/S ratio had a significant effect on compressive strength, density, and water absorption (p < 0.001). The liquid-to-solid ratio was identified as a critical parameter governing microstructural densification, porosity development, and the physical and mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar. An L/S ratio of 0.45 was recommended as the optimum condition for achieving balanced mechanical performance and durability-related properties.
Effect of Liquid-To-Solid (L/S) Ratio on The Characteristics of Fly Ash and Pumice-Based Geopolymer Mortar for Lightweight Panel Applications Mohamad Zulfikar Akbar; Jauhar Fajrin; Ni Nyoman Kencanawati; Pathurahman Pathurahman; Miko Eniarti
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 9 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i9.53473

Abstract

Fly ash and pumice-based geopolymers have emerged as promising low-carbon construction materials with the potential to reduce the environmental impacts associated with Portland cement production. However, their performance is highly dependent on mixture proportions, particularly the liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the optimum L/S ratio and evaluate its effect on the characteristics of fly ash and pumice-based geopolymer mortar. A laboratory experimental program was conducted using five liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios of 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, 0.55, and 0.60. The investigated properties included compressive strength, density, and water absorption. The statistical significance of the L/S ratio was evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The L/S ratio significantly influenced the compressive strength, density, and water absorption of geopolymer mortar. The optimum performance was achieved at an L/S ratio of 0.45, resulting in the highest compressive strength (21.03 MPa), highest density (2.12 g/cm³), and lowest water absorption (6%). One-way ANOVA confirmed that variations in the L/S ratio had statistically significant effects on all investigated properties (p < 0.001), with coefficients of determination of 99.44% for compressive strength, 98.42% for density, and 75.04% for water absorption. The liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio was identified as a critical parameter governing matrix densification, porosity development, and the physical and mechanical properties of fly ash and pumice-based geopolymer mortar. An L/S ratio of 0.45 was recommended as the optimum condition for achieving the best balance among compressive strength, density, and water absorption.
Co-Authors Adhika Raffi Athallarizq Akmaluddin Akmaluddin Akmaluddin Alriadi Alriadi Alvian Samudra Buan Anshari Dewandha Mas Agastya Evrianti Syntia Dewi Fera Fitri Salsabila Hariyadi Iram Syahrani Jauhar Fajrin Miko Eniarti Mohamad Zulfikar Akbar Ngudiyono Ngudiyono Ngudiyono Ngudiyono Ngudiyono Nyoman Merdana Pathurahman Pathurahman Pathurahman Tri Sulistyowati