Efa Laela Fakhriah
Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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THE LEGAL CAPACITY IN CONTRACT FOR MEDICAL TREATMENT (THE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN INDONESIAN LAW, DUTCH LAW, AND ENGLISH LAW) Sri Ratna Suminar; Yoni Fuadah Syukriani; U Sudjana; Efa Laela Fakhriah
Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Volume 5 Nomor 1 September 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23920/jbmh.v5i1.7

Abstract

This article aims to determine the criterion of legal capacity of a patient in a contract for medical treatment and the legal consequences of a contract for medical treatment made by a minor. This article uses a normative juridical research method with a law approach and the data sources used are obtained from literature studies and document studies, and study results showed that there is a similar criterion for determining whether a patient is competent or not in giving consent for medical treatment between Indonesian law and Dutch law that is based on a legally fixed age. However, based on Dutch law, the age of legal capacity to consent for medical treatment differs from the age of legal majority. Meanwhile, English law uses mixed approaches to determine a minor capacity in giving consent for medical treatment that is based on the age and competence of a minor. Furthermore, according to Indonesian Law, a contract for medical treatment made by minors is voidable, whereas according to Dutch Law and also English Law any contract for medical treatment made by minors is legally binding.
UPAYA HUKUM PENINJAUAN KEMBALI TERHADAP PUTUSAN PENGADILAN YANG MEMBATALKAN PUTUSAN ARBITRASE NASIONAL DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PRINSIP ACCESS TO JUSTICE Dwi Bintang Satrio; Efa Laela Fakhriah
Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Volume 2 Nomor 2 Maret 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran

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ABSTRAKUpaya hukum PK terhadap putusan pengadilan yang membatalkan putusan arbitrase tidak diperkenankan oleh MA sebagaimana tercantum dalam SEMA No. 4 Tahun 2016. Artikel ini berdasarkan penelitian yuridis normatif membahas upaya hukum PK terhadap putusan pengadilan yang membatalkan putusan arbitrase ditinjau dari prinsip accsess to justice serta alasan PK terhadap putusan pengadilan yang membatalkan putusan arbitrase ditinjau dari prinsip access to justice. Bahwa pencari keadilan sebaiknya diberikan akses untuk melakukan upaya hukum PK terhadap putusan pengadilan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap yang membatalkan putusan arbitrase, sehingga tercapai access to justice dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa melalui pengadilan. Alasan yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar permohonan PK terhadap putusan pengadilan yang membatalkan putusan arbitrase adalah aasan-alasan PK perkara perdata sebagaimana diatur Pasal 67 UU MA. Perlukan revisi SEMA No.4 Tahun 2016 dan UU Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa terkait upaya hukum PK.Kata kunci: access to justice; arbitrase; peninjauan kembali. ABSTRACTThe request civil towards a court verdict which annul the national arbitration award is not allowed by Supreme Court as confirmed in SEMA No. 4 Year 2016. This article use normative juridical that analyze the request civil towards a court verdict which annul the national arbitration award reviewed from access to justice principle and the reasons that could be used as the groundwork of the submission of it. The result is the justice seeker society should be granted access to request civil towards a court verdict that has permanent law enforcement which annul the national arbitration award, so that based on access to justice principle. The reasons could be used as the groundwork of the submission of it is the reason of the request civil on civil case as regulated in Article 67 of Supreme Court Law. The revision of SEMA No. 4 Year 2016 and Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Settlement Law regarding the request civil is necessary.Keywords: access to Justice; arbitration; reques civil.
PENGELOLAAN PIUTANG PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT SWASTA: SUATU TINJAUAN HUKUM Praisila Glory Florencia Jonathan; Efa Laela Fakhriah; Kartikasari Kartikasari
Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Volume 3 Nomor 2 Maret 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran

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ABSTRAKRumah Sakit merupakan salah satu fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang diharapkan mampu mendukung upaya peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat. Dewasa ini kepemilikan Rumah Sakit didominasi oleh swasta yang berorientasi mencari keuntungan, namun demikian setiap Rumah Sakit dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan harus tetap mengutamakan kepentingan publik dan menjalankan fungsi sosialnya. Fungsi sosial Rumah Sakit ini kenyataannya dapat menimbulkan persepsi bahwa pasien berhak menuntut pelayanan kesehatan tanpa mempertimbangkan kemampuan finansialnya, dan berujung pada diterbitkannya piutang pasien. Piutang pasien terjadi karena pada saat pasien keluar Rumah Sakit tidak memiliki cukup uang untuk membayar biaya rumah sakit. Pelaksanaan prestasi berupa pembayaran imbalan jasa medis perlu ditagihkan kepada pasien dalam bentuk tertulis, dan diberikan waktu yang pantas apabila pembayaran seketika tidak dapat dilakukan. Mengingat bahwa imbalan jasa dokter sifatnya tidak mutlak dan tidak dapat diseragamkan, Rumah Sakit dapat melepaskan hak untuk menagih piutangnya kepada pasien, baik seluruhnya maupun sebagian, apabila hal tersebut sesuai dengan keputusan manajemen Rumah Sakit. Bagi pasien miskin atau tidak mampu, pembiayaan pelayanan kesehatan di Rumah Sakit ditanggung oleh pemerintah dan pemerintah daerah sesuai ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Oleh karena itu peraturan internal Rumah Sakit mengenai pengelolaan piutang pasien dan kerjasama Rumah Sakit swasta dengan dinas kesehatan dan jaminan sosial kesehatan sangat diperlukan.Kata kunci: hukum piutang; pengelolaan piutang; piutang pasien. ABSTRACTHospital is one of the health care facilities that are expected to be able to support efforts to improve public health. Nowadays, Hospital ownership is dominated by profit-oriented private sector, however every hospital in providing health services must prioritize the public interest and carry out its social functions. The social function of the hospital can in fact lead to the perception that patients have the right to demand health services without considering their financial capabilities, and lead to the issuance of patient receivables. Patient’s receivables occur because when the patient leaves the hospital does not have enough money to pay for hospital fees. Payment of medical services needs to be billed to patients in written form, and given appropriate time if immediate payments cannot be made. Given that the physician services fee are not absolute and cannot be uniformed, the Hospital can give up the right to collect the receivables from the patient, either in whole or in part, if this is in accordance with the management’s decision. For patients who are poor or incapable, the financing of health services at the Hospital is borne by the government and local government in accordance with the applicable legislation. Therefore the internal regulations of the Hospital regarding the management of patient receivables and the collaboration of private hospitals with health services and health social security are very necessary.Keywords: law of receivables; management of receivable; patient receivables. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23920/jbmh.v3n2.16
The Character of Peace in Judges’ Customary Criminal Receptions as Restorative Justice Hazar Kusmayanti; Sherly Ayuna Putri; Efa Laela Fakhriah; Ramalinggam Rajamanickam
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Contemporary Global Issues on Law Reform, Legal Certainty, and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.vol5i1.2518

Abstract

The idea that restorative justice primarily derives from indigenous communities' beliefs, which have existed for a very long time and have evolved into customary law from generation to generation, gave rise to the term restorative justice in Indonesia. According to Article 5 paragraph (1) of the Judicial Power Law, it is the duty of the judge to investigate, adhere to, and comprehend the legal values and sense of justice that exist in society. The author of this study will examine how judges in courts use restorative justice in the process of interpreting local customary law to avoid conflicts with it. And discover what challenges judges in court face in accepting this customary law. The author's research strategy is normative juridical and is based on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal resources. According to research, district court judges can significantly contribute to the realization of restorative justice in the context of customary criminal law by having a thorough understanding of customary law, employing a mediation approach, enforcing restorative sanctions, offering education and counseling; and placing a high priority on reconciliation. The current national criminal justice system can be viewed as failing to represent the interests of victims. The social background of the judge's origin, the judge's educational background, the judge's ethnicity, and the environment at the time of the hearing are all barriers to judges accepting customary law in their decisions.
Resolution of Agrarian Conflicts on Plantation Land through Restorative Justice in Indonesia Artaji Artaji; Lies Sulistiani; Ramalinggam Rajamanicam; Efa Laela Fakhriah
Lex Scientia Law Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Contemporary Legal Challenges and Solutions in a Global Context
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lslr.v8i1.14060

Abstract

The agrarian reform in Indonesia has not been effectively implemented, leading to significant challenges, particularly regarding the unresolved status of Right to Use Enterprises (HGU) held by plantation entrepreneurs. As a result, many plantation lands remain abandoned, which farming communities—lacking formal land ownership—subsequently cultivate. The government views this activity as unauthorized land occupation, commonly referred to as reclamation. Conflicts over plantation land arise from differing perspectives: while farming communities seek justice, the government perceives plantation land as state property that necessitates state control and management. This issue is further complicated by plantation entrepreneurs who believe they retain valid HGU rights. To address this multifaceted problem, a solution model is needed that engages victims, perpetrators, and community stakeholders to foster a sense of justice. This research employs socio-legal methodologies, utilizing an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates non-legal disciplines to enhance doctrinal analysis and better understand the legal realities faced by all parties involved. The findings indicate that a restorative justice model for resolving conflicts between farming communities and HGU holders is highly appropriate, as it facilitates a sense of fairness for all stakeholders. By bridging the divergent understandings and paradigms of the farming communities and the government, restorative justice mechanisms can effectively restore the rights of those affected and promote peace in the resolution process.