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All Journal DE JURE Arena Hukum Risalah Hukum
Alfons Zakaria
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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 1 
Finding the Meaning of Euthanasia and Its Safeguards Alfons Zakaria
Jurnal Risalah Hukum Volume 10, Nomor 1, Juni 2014
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

Some people around the globe may be still debating whether euthanasia should be regulated or forbidden. Some countries, in the other hand, have legislated euthanasia a few years ago. Arguments from allies and opponent have been analysed before the legislators, but the euthanasia legislations differ in several provisions. These differences may generate potential abuses. Thus, a clear definition of euthanasia and proper safeguards for it are hoped eliminating the abuse. The objective of this paper is to obtain the clear meaning of various euthanasia terms and to present the notions of safeguarding for euthanasia legislation related to a vulnerable patient and any medical practitioner who is involved in administering euthanasia.
Inkonsistensi Asas Legalitas dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana 2005 Alfons Zakaria
Jurnal Risalah Hukum Volume 2, Nomor 2, Desember 2006
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mulawarman

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One of fundamental principles in criminal law is principle of legality. According to this principle, no felony shall be punishable by any penalty not prescribed by law prior to its commission. This principle has the meaning that the criminal act must be explicitly mentioned in the law. In other words, the law must be in written and the criminal act also must be written in detail in the law before the criminal act done. Another meaning of this principle are retroaktif principle and analogical interpretation are unable to be implemented. So that unwritten living law is not ricognized in this principle. Key words: asas legalitas (principle of legality), hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat (the living law)
Penghentian Proses Hukum Dalam Penanganan Perkara Dekriminalisasi Alfons Zakaria
Jurnal Risalah Hukum Volume 3, Nomor 1, Juni 2007
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mulawarman

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The implementation of law in society need values which always be obeyed, such as rule of law and justice. However, sometime they cannot be applied simultaneously. The rule of law can be ignored in order to achieve the justice. It can be seen on article 1 verse 2 of Indonesia Criminal Code which disregard principle of legality to give the justice for the offender. In practice, the example case is decriminalization. If an unlawful act is classified as decriminalization, as result all the current cases must be terminated. This article will explain about discontinuing the decriminalization case and the law on each phase of legal process are taken. Key words : dekriminalisasi (decriminalization), keadilan ( justice), proses hukum (legal process).
Pelarangan Website Yang Bermuatan Pornografi di Indonesia Alfons Zakaria
Jurnal Risalah Hukum Volume 7, Nomor 1, Juni 2011
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mulawarman

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ABSTRAKSI Penggunaan teknologi infomasi yang sekarang sedang berkembang, ternyata juga menimbulkan dampak negatif, salah satunya adalah pornografi di dunia maya (Cyber pornography/sex). Cyber pornography/sex adalah bentuk kejahatan kesusilaan yang menggunakan internet sebagai media utama dalam penyebaran segala sesuatu yang mengandung unsur porno dan seksual. Salah satu bentuk Cyber pornography/sex adalah pembuatan website yang bermuatan pornografi. Berdasarkan karakteristik internet kita dapat mengetahui bahwa website yang bermuatan pornografi yang dibuat oleh siapapun dapat digunakan oleh siapapun, dimanapun mereka berada dan tanpa ada pengawasan secara luas. Banyak pihak yang dilibatkan dalam pembuatan website yang bermuatan pornografi. Bahkan pihak-pihak tersebut tidak selalu berada dalam satu negara namun sering kali mereka berada berlainan negara. Sehingga diperlukan peraturan yang mampu menjangkau semua pihak tersebut. Tulisan ini akan membahas tentang peraturan yang digunakan Indonesia dalam upaya pelarangan website yang bermuatan pornografi. Kata Kunci: situs, peraturan, pornografi.
Penghentian Proses Hukum Dalam Penanganan Perkara Dekriminalisasi ALFONS ZAKARIA
Jurnal Risalah Hukum Volume 4, Nomor 1, Juni 2008
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

The implementation of law in society need values which always be obeyed, such as rule of lawand justice. However, sometime they cannot be applied simultaneously. The rule of law can be ignored inorder to achieve the justice. It can be seen on article 1 verse 2 of Indonesia Criminal Code which disregardprinciple of legality to give the justice for the offender. In practice, the example case is decriminalization. Ifan unlawful act is classified as decriminalization, as result all the current cases must be terminated. Thisarticle will explain about discontinuing the decriminalization case and the law on each phase of legalprocess are taken.Key words : dekriminalisasi (decriminalization), keadilan ( justice), proses hukum (legal process).
IMPRISONMENT FOR IUU FISHING IN INDONESIA’S EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE: WHY IT SHOULD NOT BE IMPOSED Alfons Zakaria
Arena Hukum Vol. 5 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Arena Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (394.547 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2012.00502.2

Abstract

Article 73(3) of LOSC emphasizes that “Coastal State penalties for violations of fisheries laws and regulations in the exclusive economic zone may not include imprisonment, in the absence of agreements to the contrary by the States concerned, or any other form of corporal punishment.” Article 93 ofthe Indonesian Fisheries Act Nomor 31 2004 as revised by the Act Nomor 45 2009, however, imposes imprisonment for IUU fishing committed in the Indonesian EEZ. It can be seen that there is a clear contradiction in provisions between Article 93 of the Act Nomor 31 2004 and Article 73(3) of the LOSC. On the other side, Indonesia is a state party of this convention and has ratified the convention. Thus, Indonesia should comply with the provisions in the LOSC. The question is has Indonesia exercised itssovereignty over the EEZ? This paper argues that the implementation of imprisonment in Indonesian EEZ contradicts both Indonesian laws and international law of the sea.Key words: imprisonment, EEZ, sovereignty and sovereign rights
UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION AND GENERAL STRAIN THEORIES TO ANALYZE SUICIDE BOMBING IN INDONESIA Alfons Zakaria
Arena Hukum Vol. 5 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Arena Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (353.792 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2012.00503.3

Abstract

On Friday 21st April 2011, Indonesia was shocked by a suicide bombing in a police mosque in Cirebon,West Java Indonesia. The bombing exploded just before the Friday prayer began. Historically, althoughsuicide bombings or mosque bombing have occurred elsewhere, the suicide mosque bombing in Cirebonwas the first time this had occurred in Indonesia. There are similarities between the Cirebon bombingand other bombings occurring in Indonesia. First, there is a similar relationship among the suspects.Second, the suspects were all involved in organizations that have hard-line Islamic ideology. The aim ofthis paper is to understand the differential association and general strain theories in the light of the newform suicide bombing that occurred in Indonesia. This paper will be argued that differential associationtheory is an appropriate approach to explain the cause of the suicide bombing related to the relationshipamong suspects. Similarly, general strain theory is a suitable approach to explain the cause of theterrorism in Indonesia.KeyWords: terrorism, suicide bombing, differential association and general strain theories.
CONSIDERING (AGAIN) THE AGE OF CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY: A COMPARATIVE DISCUSSION BETWEEN THE QUEENSLAND YOUTH JUSTICE ACT 1992 AND THE INDONESIAN JUVENILE COURT ACT NO. 3 1997 Alfons Zakaria
Arena Hukum Vol. 4 No. 8 (2011)
Publisher : Arena Hukum

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AbstrakPengadaan tanah sebagai suatu lembaga hukum untuk mendapatkan tanah bagi aktifitas pemerintah dalam menjalankan pembangunan bagi kepentingan umum dalam sejarah hukum Indonesia senantiasa penuh dengan penyimpangan. Debat pengadaan tanah senantiasa dipersempit hanya berkisar kepada makna kepentingan umum, musyawarah untuk mufakat serta ganti kerugian sesungguhnya dipertajam pada masalah esensial yakni ketimpangan struktur penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah, sehingga pihak yang kurang diuntungkan dan mengalami ketidakadilan inilah yang wajib mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dari negara (pemerintah).Kajian ini hendak mengupas tuntas bagaimana kelemahan substansial pada materi rancangan undang-undang pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum belum tertangani, alih-alih justru kepentingan profit justru bersembunyi di balik kepentingna umum. Diperlukan adanya sikap kritik dan penolakan atas kehadiran rancangan undang-undang yang bakal menciptakan ketidakadilan dan resistensi ini. Inkonsistensi rancangan-undang-undang pengadaan tanah sesungguhnya merupakan langkah mundur pengaturan karena kembali pada pengaturan pengambilalihan tanah menurut Peraturan Menteri dalam Negeri pada era Orde Baru. DI samping itu, diprediksi implikasi hukum dari pengundangan rancangan undang-undang akan semakin menumbuhkembangkan kasus agraria.Kata kunci: pengadaan tanah, pembangunan, kepentingan umumAbstractAcquisition of land as a legal institution to obtain land for the government in carriying out development activities for the public interest in the legal history of Indonesia is always full irregularities. Land acquisition continues the debate narrowed down only about the meaning  of public interest, consensus, and real compensation sharpened on essential issues such as inequality in land control and ownership structure, so that the poor benefited and suffered the injustice of this law shall enjoy the protection of the state (goverment).This study is to analyze thoroughly how the substansial weaknesses in teh bill of material acquisition of land for public interest isn't properly handled, rather than just the interests of profit instead hiding behind the public interest. Attitudes needed criticism and rejection of the presence of the bill that would create injustice and resistance. Inconsistency plan of land acquisition laws are indeed a step back setting back setting for the acquisition of land in accordance with the minister of state in New Order era. In addition, predictable legal implications of the enactment of the bill will further resolve the agrarian or land cases.Key words: land acquisition, development, public interset
Juvenile Criminal Responsibility in Muslim-Majority States: Between Sharia, State Law, and Restorative Justice Julisa Aprilia Kaluku; Nurini Aprilianda; Prija Djatmika; Alfons Zakaria; Fatiha Gourari
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 18, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Shariah Faculty UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v18i1.32848

Abstract

Juvenile justice in Muslim-majority jurisdictions reveals a persistent normative tension between Sharia-based conceptions of criminal responsibility, state-centred legal regulation, and international child protection standards. This article comparatively examines juvenile criminal sanction policies in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Pakistan, and Indonesia, with primary attention to the construction of criminal responsibility, models of sanctioning, institutional responses, and the place of community-based restorative mechanisms. Using a comparative approach, the study analyses how these jurisdictions negotiate the relationship between Islamic legal principles, national legislation, and culturally embedded local wisdom in responding to children in conflict with the law. The findings identify three general patterns: a predominantly punitive Sharia-oriented framework, a statutory-rehabilitative framework, and a hybrid framework combining legal reform with suboptimal local implementation. Among the four jurisdictions, Indonesia occupies a distinctive position because it institutionalises diversion and restorative justice while also allowing for socially grounded forms of reconciliation. With reference to this comparative synthesis, the article advances Dumot Justice as its principal conceptual contribution—a restorative-pluralist framework that integrates child protection, victim restoration, social accountability, and communal balance within a rights-sensitive juvenile justice design. The study concludes that sustainable juvenile justice reform in Muslim jurisdictions requires a jurisprudential model that integrates Sharia, national law, child protection, and culturally embedded restorative practices. Keywords: restorative justice; Islamic law; comparative legal analysis; child right protection.
Co-Authors Fatiha Gourari Julisa Aprilia Kaluku Nurini Aprilianda Prija Djatmika