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Tingkat Serangan Hama Penggerek Batang Jagung Ostrinia furnacalis Geunee (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Pada Beberapa Varietas Jagung Komposit Subiadi, Subiadi; Sipi, Surianto
JURNAL PANGAN Vol 27, No 3 (2018): Vol 27, No 3 (2018): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Penggerek batang jagung merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman jagung termasuk di Kabupaten Manokwari. Penggerek batang jagung dapat menyerang semua bagian tanaman seperti daun, batang, bunga jantan, bunga betina, dan tongkol. Pengkajian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – Juni tahun 2017 di Kebun Percobaan BPTP Papua Barat di Anday Kabupaten Manokwari. Percobaan dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan varietas yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk melihat tingkat serangan larva penggerek batang jagung O. furnacalis pada beberapa jagung komposit untuk mendapatkan 1 atau lebih varietas jagung yang bersifat nonpreference terhadap larva O. furnacalis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan semua varietas jagung yang ditanam terserang oleh larva penggerek batang jagung dengan tingkat serangan tertinggi pada varietas Sukmaraga dan Srikandi Kuning sebesar 25% dan terendah pada varietas Srikandi Putih sebesar 12,5% dan lebih bersifat nonpreference terhadap penggerek batang jagung dibandingkan dengan ketiga varietas lainnya. Lubang gerekan pada varietas Sukmaraga mulai ditemukan pada umur fase vegetatif sebesar 4,8%, sedangkan lubang gerekan pada varietas Srikandi Kuning, Srikandi Putih, dan Pulut Uri 100% terjadi pada fase generatif

DECREASE IN PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF GRAIN DUE TO NECK BLAST DISEASE IN SOME LOWLAND RICE VARIETIES Subiadi, Subiadi; sipi, Surianto; Basundari, Fransiska Renita Anon
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 19, No 1 (2019): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11974-81

Decrease in production and quality of grain due to neck blast disease in some lowland rice varieties. Neck blast disease of rice causes a decrease in yields both in quantity and quality. The study was conducted to see the effect of neck blast disease on the characteristics of grain and yields of several high yielding varieties of lowland rice. The varieties used were Ciherang, Inpari 4, Inpari 7, Inpari 8, and Inpari 9. The parameters observed were the incidence and severity of neck blast disease, the ratio of the size of the seeds of healthy and sick panicles and the estimated production. The analysis showed that all varieties planted were infected by neck blast disease, but based on Disease Incident rate in the Necks, Ciherang and Inpari 8 varieties reacted susceptible to neck blast disease, Inpari 7 and 9 were moderate and Inpari 4 was resistant to neck blast disease. The quality of panicle grain infected by neck blast disease has decreased the size of grain width and was significantly different from grain of healthy panicles in all varieties. The highest estimated productivity was Inpari 4 variety of 10,378 kg/ha which experienced a decrease in production by 35.86% and the lowest was Ciherang variety of 8,367 kg/ha which experienced a decrease in production by 48.37% when they were infected by neck blast disease.

Pola sebaran kelompok telur Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada lahan jagung da-Lopez, Yosefus F.; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Subiadi, Subiadi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.2.81

Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée, is known as an important pest of maize, Zea mays L., in both whorl and reproductive stages. Management decisions based on egg-mass density is useful because decision is made before damage occurs. Observation on O. furnacalis egg-mass distribution in maize-field was carried out in Agricultural Training, Research, and Development Station (ATRD) UGM, Yogyakarta. The number of egg-masses laid on each plant surface in maize-field was sampled in reproductive stage of corn at 52 – 58 days after planting. The spatial dispersion was analyzed using the ratio variance-to-mean (Ïƒ2/Î¼ = IÎ´), Morista's Index (IÎ³), and the negative binomial parameter (Îº-value). The results showed that horizontal and vertical distributions were aggregated distributions (Ïƒ2 > Î¼ or Ïƒ2/Î¼ > 1). In line with the increasing age of plant, the degree of clustering or aggregation likely tended to decline (the Îº-value increased, Morisita index decreased) indicating the possible departure from aggregation to randomness (Poison distribution) due to the heterogeneity of the environment, such as microclimate, preferred parts of the plants, and occurrence of natural enemies. The results concluded that the horizontal and vertical distributions of egg-masses of O. furnacalis on corn in generative phase were clustered with the degree of clustering tended to decrease by the increase of age of corn. These findings provide the bases for further study on the ecology and biology of O. furnacalis for management decision-making process.

Aras kerusakan ekonomi (AKE) larva Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada tiga fase pertumbuhan tanaman jagung Subiadi, Subiadi; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Martono, Edhi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.1.19

The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) is an important economic pest of corn and is widely distributed in the Asia-Pacific region, including Indonesia. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of infestation levels of O. furnacalis larvae per plant on corn grain yield reductions, and to determine economic injury levels (EIL) of O. furnacalis larvae at three growth stages (V10, R1, and R2) of corn. The experiment was designed in a split-plot randomized complete block with blocks replicated three times. Differences in grain weight between the uninfested and highest infestation levels (six larvae per plant) V10, R1, and R2 were 59.81; 58.76; and 49.20 g/plant, respectively. For each additional infestation by one larvae per plant at V10, R1, dan R2, there is reduction in grain weight of 4.94%, 4.56% and 3.76% respectively. The calculation of EILs was based on the proportion of yield loss per larvae per plant on three corn growth stages with the assumption that pesticide control reduced 67% of O. furnacalis population. The lowest EIL was 0.31 larvae per plant at V10 when the cost of control reaching Rp.125,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.12,000,000 per ha. The highest EIL of 1.24 larvae per plant was found at R2 with the cost of control of Rp.250,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.8,000,000 per ha.

Pola sebaran kelompok telur Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada lahan jagung da-Lopez, Yosefus F.; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Subiadi, Subiadi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée, is known as an important pest of maize, Zea mays L., in both whorl and reproductive stages. Management decisions based on egg-mass density is useful because decision is made before damage occurs. Observation on O. furnacalis egg-mass distribution in maize-field was carried out in Agricultural Training, Research, and Development Station (ATRD) UGM, Yogyakarta. The number of egg-masses laid on each plant surface in maize-field was sampled in reproductive stage of corn at 52 – 58 days after planting. The spatial dispersion was analyzed using the ratio variance-to-mean (Ïƒ2/Î¼ = IÎ´), Morista's Index (IÎ³), and the negative binomial parameter (Îº-value). The results showed that horizontal and vertical distributions were aggregated distributions (Ïƒ2 > Î¼ or Ïƒ2/Î¼ > 1). In line with the increasing age of plant, the degree of clustering or aggregation likely tended to decline (the Îº-value increased, Morisita index decreased) indicating the possible departure from aggregation to randomness (Poison distribution) due to the heterogeneity of the environment, such as microclimate, preferred parts of the plants, and occurrence of natural enemies. The results concluded that the horizontal and vertical distributions of egg-masses of O. furnacalis on corn in generative phase were clustered with the degree of clustering tended to decrease by the increase of age of corn. These findings provide the bases for further study on the ecology and biology of O. furnacalis for management decision-making process.

Aras kerusakan ekonomi (AKE) larva Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada tiga fase pertumbuhan tanaman jagung Subiadi, Subiadi; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Martono, Edhi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) is an important economic pest of corn and is widely distributed in the Asia-Pacific region, including Indonesia. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of infestation levels of O. furnacalis larvae per plant on corn grain yield reductions, and to determine economic injury levels (EIL) of O. furnacalis larvae at three growth stages (V10, R1, and R2) of corn. The experiment was designed in a split-plot randomized complete block with blocks replicated three times. Differences in grain weight between the uninfested and highest infestation levels (six larvae per plant) V10, R1, and R2 were 59.81; 58.76; and 49.20 g/plant, respectively. For each additional infestation by one larvae per plant at V10, R1, dan R2, there is reduction in grain weight of 4.94%, 4.56% and 3.76% respectively. The calculation of EILs was based on the proportion of yield loss per larvae per plant on three corn growth stages with the assumption that pesticide control reduced 67% of O. furnacalis population. The lowest EIL was 0.31 larvae per plant at V10 when the cost of control reaching Rp.125,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.12,000,000 per ha. The highest EIL of 1.24 larvae per plant was found at R2 with the cost of control of Rp.250,000 per ha and crop value of Rp.8,000,000 per ha.

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