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Aplikasi Jenis Bahan Baku Utama dan Bahan Aditif terhadap Kualitas Media Bibit Induk Jamur Shiitake Sumiati, Ety; Sopha, Gina A
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 1 (2009): Maret 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Aplikasi media bibit induk jamur shiitake yang berkualitas merupakan salah satu persyaratan pentingyang perlu diperhatikan agar pertumbuhan miselium bibit berlangsung cepat. Penelitian dilakukan di LaboratoriumEkofisiologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan Agustus sampai Desember 2005.Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mendapatkan jenis bahan baku utama serta jenis suplemen untuk media bibit induk/spawn jamur shiitake yang terbaik. Kualitas media bibit dinyatakan dalam satuan waktu, yaitu berupa waktu yangdibutuhkan oleh miselium bibit tumbuh memenuhi botol/wadah media bibit. Rancangan percobaan menggunakanpetak terpisah dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama, berupa jenis bahan baku utama media bibit jamur shiitake yang terdiriatas 7 faktor, yaitu millet, SKG kayu keras, jerami padi, bagas tebu, millet + SKG kayu keras 1:1, millet + bagas tebu1:1, dan millet + bagas tebu 1:1. Anak petak berupa jenis suplemen media bibit, terdiri atas 7 faktor, yaitu bekatul,tepung tapioka, tepung jagung, tepung beras merah, tepung terigu, bekatul gandum, dan pakan ayam DOC masingmasing5%. Bibit jamur shiitake menggunakan Lentinus edodes strain No. MES 02089-XR berasal dari AppliedPlant Research, Belanda. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa bahan baku utama untuk menyusun formula mediabibit jamur shiitake yang terbaik adalah bagas tebu yang cocok dikombinasikan dengan ketujuh jenis suplemen yangditeliti. Media bibit memberikan pertumbuhan awal dan akhir miselium yang tercepat dengan waktu pencapaianpersentase pertumbuhan maksimum (100%) miselium bibit jamur shiitake yang paling singkat, yaitu antara 15-17,5hari setelah inokulasi bibit kultur murni pada media bibit induk.ABSTRACT. Sumiati, E. and G.A. Sopha. 2009. The Application of Main Raw Materials and Supplementson Mother Spawn Quality of Shiitake. The application of good quality of mother spawn media is an importantrequirement to get faster growth of shiitake mycelium. The experiment was conducted at the Ecophysiology Laboratory,Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, in Lembang (1,250 m asl.) from August to December 2005. The goal ofthis experiment was to find out the best raw material in combination with the proper supplement of spawn media forshiitake. Criteria of the best quality of spawn media was expressed by the duration needed by shiitake mycelium tofully covered spawn media. A split plot design with 3 replications was set up. The main plot was 7 main raw materialsof mother spawn media, comprised of millet, sawdust of hardwood, rice straw, sugarcane bagasse, millet + sawdust ofhardwood (1:1), millet + rice straw (1:1), and millet + sugarcane bagasse (1:1). While the subplot was 7 supplements,comprised of rice bran, cassava flour, corn flour, red rice flour, wheat flour, wheat bran, and a day old chicken feedwith the dosage of 5% each. Shiitake applied was Lentinus edodes strain No. MES 02089-XR from Applied PlantResearch, The Netherlands. Research results revealed that the best main raw materials for mother spawn media wassugarcane bagasse in combination with all kinds of supplements applied in this research (7 kinds of supplements).It gaves the fastest growth of shiitake mycelium with the shortest duration of maximum mycelium growth (100%)varies from 15 to 17.5 days after inoculation of pure culture to mother spawn media.
Jenis Suplemen Substrat untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Tiga Strain Jamur Kuping Sumiati, Ety
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 1 (2009): Maret 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Daya hasil jamur kuping (Auricularia spp.) masih perlu diperbaiki. Penelitian bertujuan untukmendapatkan jenis suplemen substrat jamur kuping yang sesuai. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan petak terpisahdengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama strain jamur kuping, yaitu Auricularia sp-7, Auricularia sp-11, dan Auriculariasp-12. Anak petak terdiri atas 12 jenis suplemen substrat, yaitu bekatul beras 10%, tepung jagung 10%, tepungsingkong/tapioka 10%, ekstrak toge 100 g/l, tepung kacang hijau 10%, kaldu daging sapi 10 g/l, air kelapa segar,NPK 15-15-15 0,1 g/l, asam humik /bionature 0,1 ml/l, ZPT Atonik 0,1 ml/l, PPC Multitonik 0,1 ml/l, dedak 10%,dan kontrol (tanpa suplemen). Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang (1.250 m dpl.),Jawa Barat dari bulan Desember 2004 sampai Juli 2005. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pada umumnyaaplikasi suplemen alamiah dan sintetik meningkatkan hasil jamur kuping. Bobot segar jamur kuping yang tertinggiberasal dari Auricularia sp11 yang dibudidayakan pada substrat dengan penambahan suplemen NPK 15-15-15 0,1g/l (827,0 g/kg substrat basah), atau PPC Multitonik 0,1 ml/l (899,9 g/kg substrat basah), dan dari Auricularia sp-12 yang dibudidayakan pada substrat dengan penambahan suplemen kaldu daging sapi (872,3 g/kg substrat basah).Bobot segar jamur kuping tertinggi tersebut diperoleh dalam kurun waktu berproduksi selama 124-146 hari denganpanen sebanyak 21-23 kali.ABSTRACT. Sumiati, E. 2009. The Application of Substrate Supplement to Increase the Productivity of ThreeEar Mushroom Strains. The yield of ear mushroom (Auricularia spp.) was necessary to be improved. The goal ofthis experiment was to find out the proper supplements for substrate of ear mushrooms. A split plot design with 3replications was set up. The main plot was 3 strains of ear mushrooms, viz. Auricularia sp-7, Auricularia sp-11, andAuricularia sp-12. While the subplot was supplements, comprised of 12 kinds of supplements, viz. rice bran 10%,corn flour 10%, cassava flour 10%, extract of mungbean sprouts, mungbean flour 10%, beef extract, fresh coconutwater, NPK (15-15-15) 0.1 g/l, humic acid/bionature 0.1 ml/l, PGR Atonik 0.1 ml/l, essential microelements solution0.1 ml/l , rice hulls 10%, and control (without supplement). Research activity was carried out at Indonesian VegetableResearch Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl) West Java, from December 2004 to July 2005. Research results revealedthat in general the application of those supplements mentioned could increase ear mushroom productivity. The highestyield was gained from Auricularia sp-11 cultivated on substrate + NPK (15-15-15) 0.1 g/l (827.0 g/kg substrate), orsubstrate+essential microelements Multitonic of 0.1 ml/l (899.9 g/kg substrate), and from Auricularia sp-12 cultivatedon substrate + beef extract (872.3 g/kg substrate). These highest yield was collected within a productive period from124 to 146 days with total harvesting times of 21 to 23.
Respons Tanaman Mentimun terhadap Penggunaan Tanaman Penutup Tanah Kacang-kacangan dan Mulsa Jerami Sumarni, Nani; Sumiati, Ety; Rosliani, Rini
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang, dari bulan Juli-Oktober 2004. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah dan mulsa organikpaling baik untuk meningkatkan hasil mentimun dan kesuburan lahan Andisol, Lembang. Rancangan percobaan yangdigunakan adalah strip plot design dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 2 faktor, yaitu mulsa organik (tanpa dandengan mulsa jerami sebanyak 5 t/ha), serta jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah (tanpa tanaman penutuptanah, kacang tanah dengan jarak tanam 50x30 cm, kacang tanah dengan jarak tanam 50x15 cm, kacang jogo denganjarak tanam 50x30 cm, dan kacang jogo dengan jarak tanam 50x15 cm). Tanaman mentimun ditanam di antara 2baris tanaman penutup tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada interaksi antara tanaman penutuptanah dan mulsa jerami terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun. Mulsa jerami tidak nyata berpengaruh terhadappertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun, sedangkan jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah nyata berpengaruh terhadappertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun. Kacang tanah tumbuh menutupi permukaan tanah lebih lambat daripada kacangjogo. Namun kacang tanah dengan kerapatan 50x30 cm merupakan tanaman penutup tanah yang paling baik karenamenghasilkan sisa tanaman (bahan organik) lebih banyak dan tidak menurunkan pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun.Pembenaman sisa tanaman penutup tanah dan mulsa organik 1 bulan setelah panen mentimun, banyak berpengaruhterhadap kesuburan kimia tanah Andisol.ABSTRACT. Sumarni, N., E. Sumiati, and R. Rosliani. 2009. Responses of Cucumber to Application ofLeguminosae Cover Crops and Rice Straw Mulch. The experiment was laid in a strip plot design with 3 replications.The research was aimed to find out kind and density of Leguminosae cover crops and rice straw mulch to improve soilfertility of Andisol soil Lembang and increase the yield of cucumber. The treatments consisted of 2 factors. The firstfactor was organic mulch viz: without mulch and with rice straw mulch (5 t/ha). The second factor was the combinationof kinds and densities of cover crops, viz: without cover crop, peanut cover crop (50x30 cm), peanut cover crop(50x15 cm), red bean cover crop (50x30 cm), and red bean cover crop (50x15 cm). Cucumber were planted between2 rows of cover crops. The results revealed that there were no interaction effect between cover crops and organicmulch on soil fertility and cucumber yield. Independently, plant growth and yield of cucumber were not affected byrice straw mulch. Whereas, kinds and densities of cover crops affected plant growth and yield of cucumber. Peanutgrew slower than red bean in covering soil surface. However, peanut cover crops with 50 x 30 cm planting distance,was better than other treatments. It did not affect plant growth and cucumber yield, and it provided more plant residue(organic matter) on soil surface. Burrying the residues of cover crops and rice straw mulch 1 month after harvestingcucumber could improve chemical characteristics of Andisol soils.
Pertumbuhan serta Hasil Tanaman Kubis Putih dengan Aplikasi Pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dan Pupuk Pelengkap Benih Nutrifarm SD di Dataran Tinggi Lembang Sumiati, Ety
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 1 (2006): Maret 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Pertumbuhan dan hasil kubis dapat ditingkatkan antara lain dengan aplikasi pupuk pelengkap berupa serbuk nutrifarm SD sejak benih kubis disemai di pesemaian dan dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dosis yang tepat di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  mendapatkan dosis optimum pupuk pelengkap nutrifarm SD dan NPK 15-15-15 yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi bobot kubis putih kultivar Green Coronet. Rancangan petak terpisah dengan 3 ulangan digunakan di lapangan. Petak utama: pupuk dasar NPK 15-15-15, yang  terdiri atas 2 level dosis, yaitu 0,5 dan 1,0 t/ha. Anak petak:  pupuk pelengkap nutrifarm SD, yang  terdiri atas 5 level dosis, yaitu: 0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 g/kg benih kubis. Cara aplikasi nutrifarm SD dengan mencampurkan pada benih kubis secara merata, kemudian disemai di pesemaian. Pupuk NPK 15-15-15 diaplikasikan 2 kali, yaitu setengah dosis pada saat tanam, dan sisanya pada 4 minggu setelah tanam. Tanaman kubis dibudidayakan menggunakan mulsa plastik hitam perak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa tidak terjadi gejala fitotoksisitas, klorosis, dan gejala abnormal lainnya pada tanaman kubis yang diberi perlakuan nutrifarm SD dosis 3-12 g/kg benih dan NPK 15-15-15 dosis 0,5-1,0 t/ha. Hasil bobot segar kubis nyata meningkat sebesar 37,11% oleh pemberian pupuk pelengkap nutrifarm SD dosis 6 g/kg benih dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Namun, dosis optimum nutrifarm SD yaitu 6,2  g/kg benih bila dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi NPK 15-15-15 dosis 0,5 t/ha, serta 6,5 g/kg benih bila dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dosis 1,0 t/ha. Aplikasi hanya pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dosis 0,5-1,0 t/ha secara mandiri, tidak meningkatkan hasil bobot total kubis segar.Growth and yield of cabbage could be improved by application of seed fertilizer nutrifarm SD in the nursery combined with application of proper dosage of NPK 15-15-15 in the field. The goal of this experiment was to find out the proper dosage of nutrifarm SD in combination with NPK 15-15-15 to improve the growth and yield of cabbage variety of Green Coronet. A split plot design with three replications was set up in the field. The main plot was NPK 15-15-15, comprised of two level dosages, viz. 0.5 t/ha and 1.0 t/ha. The subplot was application of nutrifarm SD seed fertilizer, comprised of 5 levels, viz. 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 g/kg seed. The nutrifarm SD was mixed  with cabbage seed and germinated in the nursery. NPK 15-15-15 was applied in the field twice, viz. half dosage at planting time and the rest was given at 4 weeks after planting. Cabbage plants were cultivated by using black silver plastic mulch. Research results revealed that there were no phytotoxicity, chlorosis, and other abnormalities symptoms appeared on cabbage plants treated with nutrifarm SD of 3-12 g/kg seed in combination with NPK 15-15-15 0.5 to 1.0 t/ha. Independently, cabbage yield was significantly increased by the application of nutrifarm SD 6 g/kg seed, with the yield increment of 37.11% compared to control. However, the optimum dosage of nutrifarm SD was 6.2 g/kg seed when it was combined with NPK 15-15-15 dosage of 0.5 t/ha, and 6.5 g/kg seed when it was combined with NPK 15-15-15 1 t/ha. Application of NPK 15-15-15 perse from 0.5 to 1.0 t/ha did not significantly increase cabbage yield.
Perbaikan Teknologi Produksi Jamur Tiram dengan Variasi Waktu Perendaman Media Tumbuh Serbuk Kayu Gergaji Sumiati, Ety; Djuariah, Dini
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Substrat serbuk kayu gergaji harus bebas polutan dan mempunyai kadar air 65-70% untuk mendukung pertumbuhan optimal miselium dan hasil maksimal jamur tiram. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan lama perendaman bahan baku serbuk kayu gergaji (SKG) yang optimal untuk perbaikan produksi bobot jamur tiram. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah spesies jamur tiram, yaitu Pleurotus sayor-caju, P. flabellatus, P. cystuidiosus, P. ostreatus strain florida, dan P. pulmonarius strain sylvan 301. Anak petak yaitu waktu perendaman substrat SKG, yaitu 0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 jam. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P. ostreatus strain florida dan P. sayor-caju masing-masing menghasilkan bobot jamur segar tertinggi (970,27 dan 942,26 g/kg substrat basah). Efisiensi biologis tertinggi berasal dari P. cystidiosus (48,84%) dan P. sayor-caju (43,74%) yang dibudidayakan pada substrat SKG yang direndam selama 12 jam. Improving oyster mushrooms production technology by dipping time variation of sawdust medium. Sawdust as main raw material of substrate must be free from pollutant with its water content of 65-70%, to obtain high yield of oyster mushrooms. The goal of this experiment was to gain the optimum dipping time of sawdust as growing media to improve oyster mushrooms yield. A split plot design was arranged with three replications. Main plot was oyster mushrooms species of Pleurotus sayor-caju, P. flabellatus, P. cystuidiosus, P. ostreatus strain florida, and P. pulmonarius strain sylvan 301. Subplot was dipping time of sawdust of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours, respectively. Research activities was carried out at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute Lembang, West Jawa. Research results revealed that P. ostreatus strain florida and P. sayor-caju independently produced the highest yield, viz: 970.27 and 942.26 g/kg wet substrate. The highest values of biological efficiency were found from P. cystuidiosus (48.84%) and P. sayor-caju (43.74%) cultivated on the substrate with 12 hours dipping time. Sawdust must be dipped at least for 6 hours prior to set up substrate formula in order to catch sufficient water content (65-70%) for better growth of mycelium and finally produce high yield of oyster mushrooms.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Media Bibit Sumiati, Ety; Suryaningsih, E; Puspitasati, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Faktor budidaya jamur tiram yang terpenting adalah aplikasi media bibit induk yang berkualitas. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Ekofisiologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan September 2003 sampai Maret 2004.Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenis bahan baku media bibit jamur tiram dan lama waktu perebusan yang terbaik sebelum disusun sebagai formula media bibit. Kriteria kualitas media bibit dinyatakan dalam satuan waktu, yaitu kecepatan waktu awal dan waktu akhir miselium tumbuh memenuhi botol wadah media bibit. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan RAK pola faktorial dengan 2 ulangan. Faktor pertama lama waktu perebusan awal bahan baku. Faktor kedua jenis bahan baku utama media terdiri atas 21 jenis. Formula media bibit induk juga menggunakan standar formula petani. Bibit jamur tiram menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa hampir semua jenis bahan baku yang dicoba dapat digunakan sebagai media bibit kecuali biji oat. Bahan baku utama media bibit induk jamur tiram yang terbaik adalah millet + SKG 1:1, yaitu  menghasilkan koloni miselium yang kompak, berwarna putih bersih, dan pertumbuhannya konsisten. Bahan baku SKG, beras merah, dan millet tidak perlu direbus, sedangkan oat, wheat, jali lokal tidak dikupas, jali impor, kacang merah, dan kacang hijau perlu direbus selama 15-30 menit.The  very  important step in oyster mushrooms cultivation is application of high quality  of  spawn media. The study was conducted at Ecophysiology Lab. Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl) from September 2003 to March 2004. The goals of this experiment were to get proper kinds of raw materials for spawn media, and the duration of media sterilization. Criteria of good raw materials for spawn media is expressed in minimum total days needed for the growth of mycelium to cover the spawn media (full colonization). A randomized block design with a factorial pattern was set up. The first factor was duration of sterilization by boiling of main raw materials for 0, 15, 30, and 45 minutes, respectively. The second factor was 21kinds of raw materials including formula for spawn media used by farmers. All treatment combinations were replicated 2 times. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was white Pleurotus ostreatus strain  Florida from Applied Plant Research, Netherlands. Research results revealed that in general almost all kinds of raw materials and their combinations were suitable for spawn media of oyster mushroom, except oat grains. The best raw material for spawn media was millet grains+sawdust 1:1. This combination gave the highest quality of mycelium performance with compact colonization, consistent growth, and very clean-white mycelium. Sawdust, red rice, and millet were the best spawn media and can be used directly, while oat, wheat, local jali, imported jali, red bean, and mungbean can be used through 15-30 minutes sterilization.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram Pleurotus ostreatus Strain Florida dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Substrat Sumiati, Ety; Suryaningsih, E; Puspitasari, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Daya hasil jamur tiram putih masih perlu diperbaiki. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan jenis bahan baku alternatif selain serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dengan penambahan bahan aditif berupa bekatul untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah  dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah bekatul konsentrasi 5, 10, 15, dan 20%. Anak petak 13 jenis bahan baku utama substrat. Bibit jamur tiram putih menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida yang diintroduksi dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran , Lembang  (1.250 m dpl.), Jawa Barat dari bulan November 2003 sampai Mei 2004. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa aplikasi substrat serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dikombinasikan dengan bekatul 5% menghasilkan bobot segar jamur tiram putih tertinggi, yaitu 2.317,36 g/kg bobot substrat basah dengan efisiensi biologis  (EB) 81,03%. Hasil tersebut dicapai selama  65 hari  masa berproduksi dengan jumlah panen 12 kali. Selain serbuk kayu gergaji (SKG) albasia, bahan baku substrat berupa SKG campuran, daun pisang kering, jerami padi, rumput alang-alang, dan bagas/ampas tebu dengan penambahan bekatul antara 5-15%, juga merupakan bahan baku alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai baku substrat untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Hasil bobot segar jamur tiram dari berbagai jenis bahan baku alternatif, yaitu antara 600 sampai 1.200 g/kg bobot basah substrat dengan nilai EB antara 10 sampai 35%The goal of this experiment was to find out alternatively suitable materials for substrates  other than sawdust combined with the application of rice bran as additive materials. A split plot design with 3 replications was set up. Main plot was rice bran concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20%, respectively. Subplot was 13 kinds of substrate materials. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl), West Java from November 2003 to May 2004. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida from Applied Plant Research, The Netherlands. The results of the experiment revealed that application of sawdust albizia in combination with 5% of rice bran produced the highest fresh yield of white oyster mushroom, viz. 2 317.36 g/kg wet substrate with biological efficiency (BE) of 81.03%. This yield was produced during 65 days with  12 times of total number of harvests. Other kinds of substrates, viz. mixed sawdust, dry banana leaves,  rice straw, sedge grass leaves, and sugar cane bagasse in combination with rice bran of 5 to 15%, could be applied as  alternative substrate materials other than sawdust of albizia for cultivating white oyster mushroom. The yield of fresh oyster mushroom using those kinds of alternative substrates mentioned, viz.  600 to 1,200 g/kg wet substrate with BE of 10 to 35%.
Pengaruh Kerapatan Tanaman dan Aplikasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh terhadap Produksi Umbi Bibit Bawang Merah Asal Biji Kultivar Bima Sumarni, Nani; Sumiati, Ety; Suwandi, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan kerapatan tanaman dan konsentrasi aplikasi ZPT mepiquat klorida 50 AS yang tepat untuk produksi umbi bibit bawang merah asal biji botani (TSS). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Tiga macam kerapatan tanaman 5 x 5 cm (400 tanaman/m2), 5 x 7,5 cm (266 tanaman/m2), dan 5 x 10 cm (200 tanaman/m2) ditempatkan sebagai petak utama dan empat konsentrasi ZPT mepiquat klorida 50 AS, 0, 2, 4 dan 6 ml/l ditempatkan sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan tanaman paling tepat untuk produksi umbi bibit bawang merah asal TSS adalah 400/m2 (5 x 5 cm) dengan jumlah umbi berukuran kecil (2,5-5 g/umbi) paling banyak dan tidak menghasilkan umbi bibit mini (1-2 g/umbi). Kerapatan tanaman 200/m2 lebih cocok digunakan untuk produksi umbi konsumsi asal TSS dengan 50% umbi yang dihasilkan berukuran besar (>7,5 g/umbi). Aplikasi ZPT mepiquat klorida 50 AS tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi bawang merah asal TSS, tetapi pada konsentrasi 6 ml/l dapat meningkatkan persentase jumlah umbi berukuran besar (>7,5 g/umbi). Hasil penelitian diharapkan berguna untuk meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas umbi bibit bawang merah.Effect of plant densities and application of plant growth regulator on seed bulb yield of shallot from true seed of cultivar bima. The objectives were to determine the proper plant density in combination with application of mepiquat chloride 50 AS for production of seed bulb of shallot from true seed. A split plot design with three replications was set up in this experiment. Three levels of plant densities of 5 x 5 cm (400 plants/m2), 5 x 7.5 cm (266 plants/m2), and 5 x 10 cm (200 plants/m2) were assigned to main plots and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride 50 AS concentrations of 0, 2, 4, and 6 ml/l were assigned to subplots. The results revealed that proper plant density to produce seed bulb from true seed was 400 plants/m2 which produced the highest percentage of small size bulb (2.5-5 g/bulb) and did not produce mini shallot bulb (1-2 g/bulb). Plant density of 200 plants/m2 was proper to produce consumption bulb from true seed, this treatment produced big size bulb (>7.5 g/bulb) more than 50%. Application of PGR mepiquat chloride 50 AS did not increase growth and bulb yield of shallot, however at concentration of mepiquat chloride 50 AS 6 ml/l could increase number of big size bulb (>7.5 g/bulb). This results can improve quality and production of shallot seed.
Perbaikan Teknologi Produksi Umbi Benih Bawang Merah dengan Ukuran Umbi Benih, Aplikasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh, dan Unsur Hara Mikroelemen Sumiati, Ety; Sumarni, Nani; Hidayat, A
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 14, No 1 (2004): Maret 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Bawang merah untuk benih umumnya diperbanyak dengan menggunakan umbi. Penelitian bertujuan untukmemperbaiki cara perbanyakan umbi untuk benih yang berkualitas. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Tambakan, Cagak,Subang ± 600 m dpl. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama ada tiga,yaitu ukuran umbi benih <3 g, 3-5 g, dan >5 g per umbi. Anak petak ada lima buah yaitu zat pengatur tumbuh enzimkarbonil 0,2 ml/l+ppc mikroelemen metalik 1,0 ml/l, enzim karbonil 0,2 ml/l + metalik 1,5 ml/l, triakontanol 0,2 ml/l +metalik 1,0 ml/l, triakontanol 0,2 ml/l + metalik 1,5 ml/l, dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa aplikasiukuran umbi benih >5 g per umbi yang diberi zat pengatur tumbuh triakontanol 0,2 ml/l + ppc mikroelemen metalik 1,5ml/l nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi bobot to tal umbi bawang merah untuk benih.Ame lio ra tion of seed production technology ofshal lot by ap pli ca tion of proper size of mother bulb, plant growth regulators, and microelement nutrient.Shal lot for seed generally are propagated by using the mother bulb. The aim of this experiment was to improve seedproduction technology to find out high quality and quantity of shallot mother bulbs. Research was conducted atTambakan, Cagak, Subang ± 600 m asl. A split plot design with three replication was set up in the field. Main plot wassize of mother bulbs, viz. : <3 g, 3-5 g, and >5 g per bulb, respectively. Subplot was plant growth regulators treatmentin combination with microelement nutrient, viz. : plant growth regulaor en zyme carbonyl 0.2 ml/l + microelementmetalic 1.0 ml/l, en zyme car bonyl 0.2 ml/l + metalic 1.5 ml/l, triakontanol 0.2 ml/l + metalic 1.0 ml/l, triakontanol 0.2ml/l + metalic 1.5 ml/l, and check. Research results revealed that application of size of mother bulb >5 g per bulb incombination with pgr triacontanol 0.2 ml/l + metalic 1.5 ml/l significantly increased growth and total production ofshallot bulbs for seed.
Perbaikan Teknologi Produksi Jamur Tiram dengan Variasi Waktu Perendaman Media Tumbuh Serbuk Kayu Gergaji Sumiati, Ety; Djuariah, Dini
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v15n3.2005.p%p

Abstract

Substrat serbuk kayu gergaji harus bebas polutan dan mempunyai kadar air 65-70% untuk mendukung pertumbuhan optimal miselium dan hasil maksimal jamur tiram. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan lama perendaman bahan baku serbuk kayu gergaji (SKG) yang optimal untuk perbaikan produksi bobot jamur tiram. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah spesies jamur tiram, yaitu Pleurotus sayor-caju, P. flabellatus, P. cystuidiosus, P. ostreatus strain florida, dan P. pulmonarius strain sylvan 301. Anak petak yaitu waktu perendaman substrat SKG, yaitu 0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 jam. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P. ostreatus strain florida dan P. sayor-caju masing-masing menghasilkan bobot jamur segar tertinggi (970,27 dan 942,26 g/kg substrat basah). Efisiensi biologis tertinggi berasal dari P. cystidiosus (48,84%) dan P. sayor-caju (43,74%) yang dibudidayakan pada substrat SKG yang direndam selama 12 jam. Improving oyster mushrooms production technology by dipping time variation of sawdust medium. Sawdust as main raw material of substrate must be free from pollutant with its water content of 65-70%, to obtain high yield of oyster mushrooms. The goal of this experiment was to gain the optimum dipping time of sawdust as growing media to improve oyster mushrooms yield. A split plot design was arranged with three replications. Main plot was oyster mushrooms species of Pleurotus sayor-caju, P. flabellatus, P. cystuidiosus, P. ostreatus strain florida, and P. pulmonarius strain sylvan 301. Subplot was dipping time of sawdust of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours, respectively. Research activities was carried out at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute Lembang, West Jawa. Research results revealed that P. ostreatus strain florida and P. sayor-caju independently produced the highest yield, viz: 970.27 and 942.26 g/kg wet substrate. The highest values of biological efficiency were found from P. cystuidiosus (48.84%) and P. sayor-caju (43.74%) cultivated on the substrate with 12 hours dipping time. Sawdust must be dipped at least for 6 hours prior to set up substrate formula in order to catch sufficient water content (65-70%) for better growth of mycelium and finally produce high yield of oyster mushrooms.
Co-Authors - Puspitasari - Puspitasati - Suwandi - Suwandi A Hidayat A Hidayat Dini Djuariah E Suryaningsih Gina A Sopha Nani Sumarni Nani Sumarni Rini Rosliani