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All Journal Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Tropical Animal Science Journal
W. W. Wardani
Nutricell R&D
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy

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Sugar, Acid Soluble Polysaccharide, and Total Phenolic Contents in Tropical Legumes and Their Relationships with In Vitro Nutrient Fermentability A. Ikhwanti; A. Jayanegara; I. G. Permana; W. W. Wardani; Y. Retnani; A. A. Samsudin
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 4 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.4.331

Abstract

Tropical legume is a type of C4 plant that has been adaptive to hot environments. Therefore, tropical legumes require energy reserves in the form of sugar and starch. This study aimed to explain the relationship between sugar, starch, and tannin contents of tropical legumes and their in vitro fermentation profiles. Samples of Bauhinia purpurea, Pterocarpus indicus, Tamarindus indica, Calopogonium mucunoides, Macroptilium atropurpureum, and Stylosanthes guianensis were tested by proximate analysis, Van Soest, and in vitro nutrient fermentability. The in vitro fermentability consisted of dry matter degradability (DMD), organic matter degradability (OMD), volatile fatty acid (VFA), methane and ammonia concentrations, and gas production. The gas production kinetics were determined as gas production from soluble nutrient (a), maximum gas production (a+b), and rate of gas production (c). All samples were tested using the orthogonal contrast test to compare in vitro fermentability characteristics between the different types of legumes and their tannin contents. Results revealed that the average content of the legumes dry matter examined was 22% with CP content of 15% -28%. The legumes in this study had average content of 3.74% sugar, 21.86% ASP, and 0.3% total phenolics (dry matter basis). Acid soluble polysaccharides content in legumes had a positive correlation with degradability, ammonia concentration, and total gas production (p<0.05). However, sugar content did not have a correlation with the other in vitro fermentation characteristics. The exploration of sugar and acid soluble polysaccharides content in tropical legumes might be profitable as these nutrients could increase feeding efficiency. Sugar did not have a significant relationship to the characteristics of fermentation, on the contrary, acid soluble polysaccharides had a very close relationship to the characteristics of fermentation. The total phenolics had a close relationship with the production of VFA and ammonia. Tree legumes have better digestibility than shrub legumes.
In sacco nutrient degradability of silage containing intact and defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae R. Mulianda; A. Sofyan; H. Herdian; E.B. Laconi; M. Ridla; W. W. Wardani; A. Jayanegara
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 3 (2021): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.3.227-235

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the in sacco nutrient degradability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing intact and defatted black soldier fly (BSF) larvae. The study evaluated four dietary treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of control TMR silage without BSF larvae (R1), 20% intact BSF larvae + 80% TMR silage (R2), 20% chemically defatted BSF larvae + 80% TMR silage (R3), and 20% mechanically defatted BSF larvae + 80% TMR silage (R4). Samples were placed in polyester bags and incubated in the rumen in sacco up to 72 h. Nutrient degradability was evaluated for each time point interval. Results revealed that the lowest dry matter degradability (DMD) was found in R1 compared to all treatments (p < 0.05), while the highest DMD was found in R2 (p < 0.05). The highest organic matter degradability was found in R2 compared to R1, R3 and R4 (p < 0.05). Addition of BSF larvae to TMR silage increased the crude protein degradability (p < 0.05). In conclusion, inclusion of both intact and defatted BSF larvae into TMR silage did not have any adverse effects on nutrient profiles and showed a good nutrient degradation values in the rumen.
Co-Authors A. A. Samsudin A. Ikhwanti A. Sofyan Anuraga Jayanegara E.B. Laconi H. Herdian I. G. Permana M. Ridla R. Mulianda Y. Retnani