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GEOLOGICAL INFLUENCE ON QUALITY OF SELECTED TERTIARY BARITO COAL BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 9, No 2 (2006): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 09 No. 2 June 2006
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Type and rank variation within Tertiary Barito coals of Tanjung Formation were analyzed by petro- graphic examination of ten coal samples. Vitrinite, common liptinite and rare inertinite and mi-neral matter dominate all the coals. Vitrinite macerals are dominated by detrovitrinite and telovitrinite. Resinite, cutinite and sporinite are the dominant liptinite macerals in the coals. Inertinite macerals in the coals comprise semifusinite, sclerotinite and inertodetrinite. Mineral matter consists mainly of clay and pyrite. Liptinite and inertinite contents within coals are systematically related to vitrinite content. The liptinite and inertinite contents decrease with increase of vitrinite content. The liptinite content is not related to the inertinite content. Vitrinite reflectance of Palaeogene coals ranges from 0.53% to 0.64% or sub-bituminous to high-volatile bituminous ranks, respectively, as classified by the Australian standards, and of the Neogene ones varies between 0.30% and 0.47%, classified as brown coal and sub-bituminous ranks, respectively. The slight change in vitrinite reflectance from the top to the base of the sequence is due to the thicker cover/overburden on the high rank coals. Similarities and differ- ences in the type and rank of the coals reflect their geological setting.

STRATEGY TO MAXIMIZING THE USE OF COAL AND ASSOCIATED GASEOUS FUELS IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN BUKIN DAULAY; DATIN F. UMAR; BINARKO SANTOSO; SUGANAL SUGANAL
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 13, No 3 (2010): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 13 No. 3 October 2010
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

South Sumatera Basin has been known as one of the most promising sedimentary basins in Indonesia. This basin has large coal resources and is currently also believed to have an enormous amount of coalbed methane (CBM) resources. The coal seam in the basin is considerably thick and continuous, low ash and sulphur contents and could be found at favourable depth for CBM development. Coal seams can be ex- ploited by traditional mining methods, which are open cut and underground minings. When the coal seam is not economic to exploit using traditional method, underground coal gasification (UCG) technology could be implemented to optimize the use of coal and associated gaseous fuels in the basin. However, CBM operation has to be conducted before UCG operation. South Sumatera coal could be utilized for direct combustion in mine site in order to reduce transport cost; could be upgraded to obtain high calorific value coal or converted to gas, liquid and coke fuels through gasification, liquefaction and carbonization technologies.

INDONESIAN LOW RANK COAL RESOURCES TO WHICH UBC TECHNOLOGY IS COMMERCIALLY APPLICABLE BUKIN DAULAY; BINARKO SANTOSO; IKIN SODIKIN
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2007): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 2 June 2007
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Low rank coal (LRC) that constitutes more than 65% of the national coal resources has to be utilized optimally in order to achieve the security of domestic energy supply and an optimum mix of primary energy consumption by the year 2025. The LRC can be upgraded to higher rank coal, both for export and domestic use, particularly for existing industries. Upgraded Brown Coal (UBC) process is one of the best upgrading technologies that can be implemented. Moreover, the low cost production of LRC and the availability of infrastructures would be the more attractive for UBC commercialization. Based on the coal quality specification recommended in this paper, the total moisture of the LRC varies from25.33 to 57.89% (typical 35 - 40%, as received/ar) and its calorific value ranges from 2,504 to 4,900 kcal/kg (typical 3,000 - 4,000 kcal/kg, ar). The ash content of the recommended LRC is less than 10% (typical <5%, dry basis/db) and the sulphur content is typical <0.5% (db). The LRC located in East and South Kalimantan is more attractive for UBC commercialization compared to LRC located in South Sumatera. Most of the LRC in South Sumatera is located far inland that makes the transporta- tion cost for UBC equipment and product become expensive.

SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION OF SOME INDONESIAN COALS DATIN FATIA UMAR; BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 2 June 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Eight Indonesian coal samples of different moisture contents obtained from the various coalfi elds were used to study spontaneous combustion characteristics by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and crossing point temperature (CPT). Results indicate that there is no direct correlation between the spontaneous combustion test data and the individual properties of the coal samples by both DTA and CPT test methods; in this study, a preliminary conclusion can be drawn on the coal moisture content effect on spontaneous combustion. Higher moisture content coals are more susceptible to spontaneous combustion than that of lower moisture content coals. It also can be stated that the susceptibility of coal to spontaneous combustion is basically a complex. Clearly more tests are required to investigate the effect of coal properties in more detail from other Indonesian coals that have various types and ranks.

PETROGRAPHIC PROPERTIES OF PALAEOGENE SOUTHERN BANTEN COAL SEAMS WITH REGARD TO GEOLOGIC ASPECTS BINARKO SANTOSO
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2010): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 13 No. 2 June 2010
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

The Palaeogene coal deposits occur in three coalfields in the Banten Province, which are distributed in Bayah, Cihideung and Cimandiri. The Bayah coals (Eocene Bayah Formation) mainly comprise vitrinite and subordinate inertinite and are of sub-bituminous A to high volatile bituminous A ranks (0.60-0.79%). The Cihideung coals (Eocene Bayah Formation) are of sub-bituminous A to medium volatile bituminous ranks (0.53-1.23%) and composed mainly of vitrinite. The Cimandiri coals (Oligocene Cijengkol Formation) are composed of variable proportions of vitrinite in the main and inertinite in very minor amounts. The rank of the coals is sub-bituminous A and high volatile bituminous A varying between 0.64% and 0.83% in vitrinite reflectance. Evaluation of these coals indicates that they tend to have similar coal petrographic properties and were formed in a littoral-neritic environment. Some of the coals, especially the Cihideung coals, show the highest vitrinite content and higher rank (0.99-1.23%), which is high A-medium volatile bituminous, due to an intrusive activity. Most of the coals have high contents of mineral matter (pyrite), mainly in the Bayah coals (2-13%), and this indicates that the coals were influenced by marine incursion during their deposition.

MACERAL AND MINERAL ANALYSIS OF LEBAK COALS REGARDING THEIR UTILISATION BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2007): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 2 June 2007
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Type and rank variations of Lebak coals were derived from twenty-eight samples of Palaeogene coalfield (Bayah, Cimandiri and Cihideung) and Neogene coalfields (Bojongmanik) using petrographic analy- ses. The Lebak coals are dominated by vitrinite, liptinite and minor inertinite and mineral matter as well. The coal type, in terms of maceral and mineral compositions, reflects climatic influences and differences in peat conditions. Higher vitrinite reflectance of Palaeogene coals, compared to Neogene ones, is a result of higher regional coalification level in the basin, associated with greater cover and local effect of igneous intrusion. The Palaeogene coals have better quality than the Neogenes and is also supported by higher specific energy. The coals that are vitrinite-rich, liptinite and inertinite-poor are suitable for direct combustion.

GEOLOGIC ASPECTS CONTROLLING MACERAL AND MINERAL MATTER CONTENT OF SATUI COALS- SOUTH KALIMANTAN BINARKO SANTOSO
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 14, No 2 (2011): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 14 No. 2 June 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Coal deposits were formed in Tertiary sequexnces in Satui area of Asem-Asem Basin, South Kalimantan. The coals were deposited in paralic to neritic environments. Lithotype of Satui coals is dominated by bright- banded and banded. Petrographically, vitrinite and liptinite are the dominant macerals in the Eocene coals. Inertinite is a minor component. Mineral content is relatively high in most of the coals. There is a significant relationship between lithotype and petrographic observations; the brighter coal is in association with the vitrinite-rich coal. The differences in the coal type are due to the interaction of geologic factors. There is a good correlation among lithotype, petrographic composition and geologic aspects that clearly influence the characteristics of the coals. The ranks of the Eocene coals ranging from brown coal to high volatile bitumi- nous indicate a normal regional coalification.

SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION OF SOME INDONESIAN COALS DATIN FATIA UMAR; BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 15 No 2 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 2 June 2012
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol15.No2.2012.463

Eight Indonesian coal samples of different moisture contents obtained from the various coalfi elds were used to study spontaneous combustion characteristics by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and crossing point temperature (CPT). Results indicate that there is no direct correlation between the spontaneous combustion test data and the individual properties of the coal samples by both DTA and CPT test methods; in this study, a preliminary conclusion can be drawn on the coal moisture content effect on spontaneous combustion. Higher moisture content coals are more susceptible to spontaneous combustion than that of lower moisture content coals. It also can be stated that the susceptibility of coal to spontaneous combustion is basically a complex. Clearly more tests are required to investigate the effect of coal properties in more detail from other Indonesian coals that have various types and ranks.

GEOLOGIC ASPECTS CONTROLLING MACERAL AND MINERAL MATTER CONTENT OF SATUI COALS- SOUTH KALIMANTAN BINARKO SANTOSO
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 14 No 2 (2011): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 14 No. 2 June 2011
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol14.No2.2011.494

Coal deposits were formed in Tertiary sequexnces in Satui area of Asem-Asem Basin, South Kalimantan. The coals were deposited in paralic to neritic environments. Lithotype of Satui coals is dominated by bright- banded and banded. Petrographically, vitrinite and liptinite are the dominant macerals in the Eocene coals. Inertinite is a minor component. Mineral content is relatively high in most of the coals. There is a significant relationship between lithotype and petrographic observations; the brighter coal is in association with the vitrinite-rich coal. The differences in the coal type are due to the interaction of geologic factors. There is a good correlation among lithotype, petrographic composition and geologic aspects that clearly influence the characteristics of the coals. The ranks of the Eocene coals ranging from brown coal to high volatile bitumi- nous indicate a normal regional coalification.

STRATEGY TO MAXIMIZING THE USE OF COAL AND ASSOCIATED GASEOUS FUELS IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN BUKIN DAULAY; DATIN F. UMAR; BINARKO SANTOSO; SUGANAL SUGANAL
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 13 No 3 (2010): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 13 No. 3 October 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol13.No3.2010.518

South Sumatera Basin has been known as one of the most promising sedimentary basins in Indonesia. This basin has large coal resources and is currently also believed to have an enormous amount of coalbed methane (CBM) resources. The coal seam in the basin is considerably thick and continuous, low ash and sulphur contents and could be found at favourable depth for CBM development. Coal seams can be ex- ploited by traditional mining methods, which are open cut and underground minings. When the coal seam is not economic to exploit using traditional method, underground coal gasification (UCG) technology could be implemented to optimize the use of coal and associated gaseous fuels in the basin. However, CBM operation has to be conducted before UCG operation. South Sumatera coal could be utilized for direct combustion in mine site in order to reduce transport cost; could be upgraded to obtain high calorific value coal or converted to gas, liquid and coke fuels through gasification, liquefaction and carbonization technologies.

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