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THE OPTIMALIZATION OF LUBRICANT WASTE RECYCLING WITH LOW RANK COAL AS CONTAMINANT ABSORBANCE Nining Sudini Ningrum; Ika Monika
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 8, No 01 (2005): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 8 No. 1 February 2005
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (205.167 KB) | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol8.No01.2005.209

Abstract

The research of lubricant waste recycling by means of low rank coal as absorbent is one of the ways to render efficient the oil consumption also to maximize the value of low rank coal. This research is a continuation research with a fixed variable, in which the amount of coal is increased to 20% from the amount of the lubricating oil and the heating time which took 2 hours was variated with the heating temperature variable from 150°C to 350°C, the size of coal granule –8+10, -12+14 and –20+24 mesh. The research output shows that the optimum temperature of the lubricating oil recycling by means of coal as absorbent is reached in the temperature of 300°C for the coal with the size –12+14 mesh. In this condition Ca content reduce from 1447 to 150 ppm, Zn reduce from 887 to 17,4 ppm, Fe reduce from 47,1 to 43,5 ppm, Ni reduce from 15,4 to 6,2 ppm and Cr and Cu are all absorbed. The coal resulted from the recycling process can be used as a direct fuel with the calorific value between 5000 to 6500 cal/g and the colour of the lubricating oil resulted from separation (base oil) is yellowish dark.
THE INFLUENCE OF STEAM DRYING PROCESS ON COMBUSTION BEHAVIOR OF INDONESIAN LOW-RANK COALS Datin Fatia Umar; Suganal Suganal; Ika Monika; Gandhi Kurnia Hudaya; Dahlia Diniyati
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 23, No 2 (2020): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL, Vol. 23 No. 2, October 2020
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol23.No2.2020.1105

Abstract

Steam drying process of the Low Rank Coals (LRCs) has been conducted to produce coal which is comparable with the High Rank Coal (HRC). Characterization of the raw and dried coals was carried out through proximate, ultimate, calorific value, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thermo Gravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) to study the combustion behavior of the coals. This study used Indonesian low rank coals coming from Tabang (TKK coal) and Samurangau (SP coal), East Kalimantan. The results indicate that the calorific value of the dried coals increases significantly due to the decrease in moisture content of the coal. The FTIR spectrums show that the methylene-ethylene (RCH3/CH2) and aromaticity-aliphaticity ratios (Rar/al) of the dried coals increased while the ratio of RCO/ar decreased which reflect that the rank of the coals increased equivalent to the high rank coal (bituminous). Meanwhile, the TG-DTA indicates that the ignition temperature (Tig) and combustion rate (Rmax) of the dried coals increased. This analysis expresses that the dried coals produced by steam drying process have better combustion behavior due to the higher calorific value than those of the raw coals.
PRODUCTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM SUBBITUMINOUS COAL USING ROTARY KILN AND CYCLONE BURNER IKA MONIKA; SLAMET SUPRAPTO
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 14, No 1 (2011): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 14 No. 1 February 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (177.434 KB) | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol14.No1.2011.506

Abstract

Research on the production of activated carbon from coal has been carried out by Research and Develop- ment Center for Mineral and Coal Technology since 1980 in the laboratory as well as pilot plant scale. Production of activated carbon from coal using rotary kiln and oil burner at the pilot plant of 1 ton/day has been carried out successfully to produce good quality product. To reduce the dependence upon using oil fuel, the oil fuel burner was replaced by coal fueled cyclone burner. Product quality and economic evalua- tion of the production of activated carbon using the burners are described in this paper. The coal used was subbituminous coal from Air Laya, South Sumatera. The coal passing 3 cm screen was carbonized at 500- 600° C for 2 hours to produce good quality char. The variables of activation process observed were con- sisted of particle size of char (+6, -6+12 and -12 +20 mesh) and residence time (1.5, 3 and 6 hours). The results showed that the optimum condition for activation process was using particle size of -6+12 mesh and residence time at a minimum of 3 hours. The activated carbon produced showed quality which fairly met the requirement of Indonesian Industrial Standard with iodine number of 600-800 mg/g compared with stan- dard of 750-1200 mg/g and market quality of 400-1200 mg/g. Eventhough the adsorption capacity obtained was at the lowest limit of the Indonesian Industrial Standard, however the pre utilization test showed that the product could be used for treatment of shrimp farms water.
UTILIZATION OF COAL ACTIVATED CARBON AS ADSORBENT AMMONIUM WITH THE HIGH CONCENTRATION Ika Monika; Suganal Suganal; Fahmi Sulistyohadi
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 18, No 3 (2015): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 18 No. 3 October 2015
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (404.449 KB) | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol18.No3.2015.260

Abstract

Ammonium adsorption process carried out by batch system, with making 208-233 mg/L concentration of am- monium solution. In the adsorption batch systems, particle size of activated carbon -8 + 12 mesh and -16 + 20 mesh was added into 200 ml ammonium solution with the weight of 20, 40, 60 and 80 g, and a contact time respectively 30, 60, 120, 180 and 1440 minutes (24 hours). During the adsorption, stirring to optimize adsorp- tion is conducted regularly. The activated carbon used in this research consist of two types are coal based activated carbon and coconut shell activated carbon. Coal activated carbon has a surface area 196.7 m2/g and 643.0 m2/g. While coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of 59.6 m2/g and 985.9 m2/g. Results of the adsorption process showed that coal activated carbon with a surface area of 643, 0 m2/g have the same capability ammonium adsorption with coconut shell activated carbon with a surface area of 985.9 m2/g. These results showed that a both types of activated carbon can be used optimally for the removal ammonium with percentage of adsorption reaches more than 90%.
THE OPTIMALIZATION OF LUBRICANT WASTE RECYCLING WITH LOW RANK COAL AS CONTAMINANT ABSORBANCE Nining Sudini Ningrum; Ika Monika
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 8 No 01 (2005): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 8 No. 1 February 2005
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol8.No01.2005.209

Abstract

The research of lubricant waste recycling by means of low rank coal as absorbent is one of the ways to render efficient the oil consumption also to maximize the value of low rank coal. This research is a continuation research with a fixed variable, in which the amount of coal is increased to 20% from the amount of the lubricating oil and the heating time which took 2 hours was variated with the heating temperature variable from 150°C to 350°C, the size of coal granule –8+10, -12+14 and –20+24 mesh. The research output shows that the optimum temperature of the lubricating oil recycling by means of coal as absorbent is reached in the temperature of 300°C for the coal with the size –12+14 mesh. In this condition Ca content reduce from 1447 to 150 ppm, Zn reduce from 887 to 17,4 ppm, Fe reduce from 47,1 to 43,5 ppm, Ni reduce from 15,4 to 6,2 ppm and Cr and Cu are all absorbed. The coal resulted from the recycling process can be used as a direct fuel with the calorific value between 5000 to 6500 cal/g and the colour of the lubricating oil resulted from separation (base oil) is yellowish dark.
UTILIZATION OF COAL ACTIVATED CARBON AS ADSORBENT AMMONIUM WITH THE HIGH CONCENTRATION Ika Monika; Suganal Suganal; Fahmi Sulistyohadi
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 18 No 3 (2015): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 18 No. 3 October 2015
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol18.No3.2015.260

Abstract

Ammonium adsorption process carried out by batch system, with making 208-233 mg/L concentration of am- monium solution. In the adsorption batch systems, particle size of activated carbon -8 + 12 mesh and -16 + 20 mesh was added into 200 ml ammonium solution with the weight of 20, 40, 60 and 80 g, and a contact time respectively 30, 60, 120, 180 and 1440 minutes (24 hours). During the adsorption, stirring to optimize adsorp- tion is conducted regularly. The activated carbon used in this research consist of two types are coal based activated carbon and coconut shell activated carbon. Coal activated carbon has a surface area 196.7 m2/g and 643.0 m2/g. While coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of 59.6 m2/g and 985.9 m2/g. Results of the adsorption process showed that coal activated carbon with a surface area of 643, 0 m2/g have the same capability ammonium adsorption with coconut shell activated carbon with a surface area of 985.9 m2/g. These results showed that a both types of activated carbon can be used optimally for the removal ammonium with percentage of adsorption reaches more than 90%.
PRODUCTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM SUBBITUMINOUS COAL USING ROTARY KILN AND CYCLONE BURNER IKA MONIKA; SLAMET SUPRAPTO
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 14 No 1 (2011): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 14 No. 1 February 2011
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol14.No1.2011.506

Abstract

Research on the production of activated carbon from coal has been carried out by Research and Develop- ment Center for Mineral and Coal Technology since 1980 in the laboratory as well as pilot plant scale. Production of activated carbon from coal using rotary kiln and oil burner at the pilot plant of 1 ton/day has been carried out successfully to produce good quality product. To reduce the dependence upon using oil fuel, the oil fuel burner was replaced by coal fueled cyclone burner. Product quality and economic evalua- tion of the production of activated carbon using the burners are described in this paper. The coal used was subbituminous coal from Air Laya, South Sumatera. The coal passing 3 cm screen was carbonized at 500- 600° C for 2 hours to produce good quality char. The variables of activation process observed were con- sisted of particle size of char (+6, -6+12 and -12 +20 mesh) and residence time (1.5, 3 and 6 hours). The results showed that the optimum condition for activation process was using particle size of -6+12 mesh and residence time at a minimum of 3 hours. The activated carbon produced showed quality which fairly met the requirement of Indonesian Industrial Standard with iodine number of 600-800 mg/g compared with stan- dard of 750-1200 mg/g and market quality of 400-1200 mg/g. Eventhough the adsorption capacity obtained was at the lowest limit of the Indonesian Industrial Standard, however the pre utilization test showed that the product could be used for treatment of shrimp farms water.
THE INFLUENCE OF STEAM DRYING PROCESS ON COMBUSTION BEHAVIOR OF INDONESIAN LOW-RANK COALS Datin Fatia Umar; Suganal Suganal; Ika Monika; Gandhi Kurnia Hudaya; Dahlia Diniyati
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 23 No 2 (2020): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL, Vol. 23 No. 2, October 2020
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol23.No2.2020.1105

Abstract

Steam drying process of the Low Rank Coals (LRCs) has been conducted to produce coal which is comparable with the High Rank Coal (HRC). Characterization of the raw and dried coals was carried out through proximate, ultimate, calorific value, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thermo Gravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) to study the combustion behavior of the coals. This study used Indonesian low rank coals coming from Tabang (TKK coal) and Samurangau (SP coal), East Kalimantan. The results indicate that the calorific value of the dried coals increases significantly due to the decrease in moisture content of the coal. The FTIR spectrums show that the methylene-ethylene (RCH3/CH2) and aromaticity-aliphaticity ratios (Rar/al) of the dried coals increased while the ratio of RCO/ar decreased which reflect that the rank of the coals increased equivalent to the high rank coal (bituminous). Meanwhile, the TG-DTA indicates that the ignition temperature (Tig) and combustion rate (Rmax) of the dried coals increased. This analysis expresses that the dried coals produced by steam drying process have better combustion behavior due to the higher calorific value than those of the raw coals.
Co-Authors Dahlia Diniyati Datin Fatia Umar Fahmi Sulistyohadi Gandhi Kurnia Hudaya Nining Sudini Ningrum SLAMET SUPRAPTO SUGANAL SUGANAL