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Pengendalian Penyakit Sayuran yang Ditanam dengan Sistem Budidaya Mosaik pada Pertanian Periurban Suryaningsih, E
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

ABSTRAK. Efek negatif penggunaan pestisida sintetik yang berlebihan telah banyak dideteksi, bukan hanya di daerah produksi sayuran dataran tinggi saja, tetapi juga di pertanian periurban. Agar mendapatkan alternatif metode pengendalian penyakit alternatif selain penggunaan pestisida sintetik, seperangkat percobaan lapangan telah dilakukan di kebun petani daerah periurban, di Rancaekek (elevasi 680 m dpl), Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari Januari sampai Juli 2001. Percobaan digelar menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, diulang 6 kali. Sayuran tersebut ditanam dengan sistem budidaya mosaik di kawasan pertanian periurban. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah kurungan net plastik putih, pestisida biorasional Agonal 866 + Tigonal 866, Bacillus subtilis 108, Mancozeb 64 WP 0,2% + B. subtilis 108, dan tanpa pestisida (kontrol). Hasil penelitian memberi indikasi bahwa semua metode pengendalian yang diuji sangat efektif mengendalikan penyakit utama cabai, bawang merah, terung, buncis, dan mentimun. Penemuan ini sangat penting bahwa penggunaan pestisida sintetik yang sangat beracun di pertanian periurban, dan urban mengakibatkan senyawa beracun tersebut lebih berpeluang meracuni manusia dan lingkungan.ABSTRACT. Suryaningsih, E. 2008. Disease Control Method for Several Vegetables Planted in Mosaic Farming System in Periurban Agriculture. The negative effects of the overuse of synthetic pesticides has been detected, not only in highland vegetable growing areas but also in periurban agriculture. In order to find out an alternative disease control method other than application of synthetic pesticide, a set of field experiment was conducted at periurban area farmer’s field in Rancaekek (elevation 680 m asl), Bandung, West Java, from January to July 2001. The experiment was laid in a randomized block design, replicated 6 times. The following treatments were employed, namely white plastic net cage, biorational pesticide Agonal 866 + Tigonal 866, Bacillus subtilis 108, Mancozeb 64 WP 0.2% + B. subtilis 108, and unsprayed (control). The results of the experiment gave positive indication that all of alternative control method were very effective to control the major disease of chili pepper, shallot, egg plant, beans, as well as cucumber planted in mosaic farming system in periurban agriculture. These findings were very important since application of poisonous synthetic pesticide in periurban, as well as in urban agriculture tend to be overused and harmfull for human being as well as environment.
Efikasi Pestisida Biorasional untuk Mengendalikan Thrips palmi Karny pada Tanaman Kentang Suryaningsih, E
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 3 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

ABSTRAK. Dalam upaya untuk mendapatkan pestisida alternatif, percobaan lapangan telah dikerjakan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu (elevasi 1.250 m dpl), Lembang, Jawa Barat dari bulan Oktober 2001 sampai Januari 2002. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, 12 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari pestisida biorasional Phrogonal 866, 666, 466, Phronical 826, 626, 426, 846, 646, 446, Agonal 866, dan pestisida sintetis Deltametrin 2.5 EC. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa semua pestisida biorasional sama efektifnya dibandingkan dengan Deltametrin 2.5 EC konsentrasi 0,25%. Hasil penelitian ini paralel dengan hasil-hasil penelitian tentang pestisida biorasional lainnya, dengan sangat kuat memberi indikasi bahwa pestisida biorasional yang berasal dari tumbuhan akan mampu menggantikan posisi pestisida sintetik dalam mengendalikan T. palmi untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik pada budidaya kentang.ABSTRACT. Suryaningsih, E. 2008 . The Efficacy of Biorational Pesticides to Control ontrol Thrips palmi Karny on Potato Plant . In order to investigate an alternative pesticide, namely biorational pesticides, field experiment was conducted at Margahayu Research Station (elevation 1,250 m asl), Lembang, West Java, from October 2001 until January 2002. The treatments was laid in a randomized block design, with 3 replications. The treatments were biorational pesticides Phrogonal 866, 666, 466, Phronical 826, 626, 426, 846, 646, 446, Agonal 866, and syntetic pesticides Deltamethrin 2.5 EC. The results of the experiment showed that all of the biorationals tested were found to be as effective as Deltamethrin 2.5 EC (0.25%) in controlling T. palmi on potato. However, biorationals consisting A. indica, T. candida, and N. tabacum in higher portion gave higher efficacy compared with synthetic insecticide Deltamethrin 2.5 EC. The results of this experiment were in line with the results of other biorational pesticide experiments, which was strongly gave indication that biorational pesticides derived from plants would be able to replace synthetic pesticides in controlling T. palmi, and to reduce the quantity of synthetic pesticide application on potato cultivation.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Media Bibit Sumiati, Ety; Suryaningsih, E; Puspitasati, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Faktor budidaya jamur tiram yang terpenting adalah aplikasi media bibit induk yang berkualitas. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Ekofisiologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan September 2003 sampai Maret 2004.Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenis bahan baku media bibit jamur tiram dan lama waktu perebusan yang terbaik sebelum disusun sebagai formula media bibit. Kriteria kualitas media bibit dinyatakan dalam satuan waktu, yaitu kecepatan waktu awal dan waktu akhir miselium tumbuh memenuhi botol wadah media bibit. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan RAK pola faktorial dengan 2 ulangan. Faktor pertama lama waktu perebusan awal bahan baku. Faktor kedua jenis bahan baku utama media terdiri atas 21 jenis. Formula media bibit induk juga menggunakan standar formula petani. Bibit jamur tiram menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa hampir semua jenis bahan baku yang dicoba dapat digunakan sebagai media bibit kecuali biji oat. Bahan baku utama media bibit induk jamur tiram yang terbaik adalah millet + SKG 1:1, yaitu  menghasilkan koloni miselium yang kompak, berwarna putih bersih, dan pertumbuhannya konsisten. Bahan baku SKG, beras merah, dan millet tidak perlu direbus, sedangkan oat, wheat, jali lokal tidak dikupas, jali impor, kacang merah, dan kacang hijau perlu direbus selama 15-30 menit.The  very  important step in oyster mushrooms cultivation is application of high quality  of  spawn media. The study was conducted at Ecophysiology Lab. Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl) from September 2003 to March 2004. The goals of this experiment were to get proper kinds of raw materials for spawn media, and the duration of media sterilization. Criteria of good raw materials for spawn media is expressed in minimum total days needed for the growth of mycelium to cover the spawn media (full colonization). A randomized block design with a factorial pattern was set up. The first factor was duration of sterilization by boiling of main raw materials for 0, 15, 30, and 45 minutes, respectively. The second factor was 21kinds of raw materials including formula for spawn media used by farmers. All treatment combinations were replicated 2 times. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was white Pleurotus ostreatus strain  Florida from Applied Plant Research, Netherlands. Research results revealed that in general almost all kinds of raw materials and their combinations were suitable for spawn media of oyster mushroom, except oat grains. The best raw material for spawn media was millet grains+sawdust 1:1. This combination gave the highest quality of mycelium performance with compact colonization, consistent growth, and very clean-white mycelium. Sawdust, red rice, and millet were the best spawn media and can be used directly, while oat, wheat, local jali, imported jali, red bean, and mungbean can be used through 15-30 minutes sterilization.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram Pleurotus ostreatus Strain Florida dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Substrat Sumiati, Ety; Suryaningsih, E; Puspitasari, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Daya hasil jamur tiram putih masih perlu diperbaiki. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan jenis bahan baku alternatif selain serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dengan penambahan bahan aditif berupa bekatul untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah  dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah bekatul konsentrasi 5, 10, 15, dan 20%. Anak petak 13 jenis bahan baku utama substrat. Bibit jamur tiram putih menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida yang diintroduksi dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran , Lembang  (1.250 m dpl.), Jawa Barat dari bulan November 2003 sampai Mei 2004. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa aplikasi substrat serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dikombinasikan dengan bekatul 5% menghasilkan bobot segar jamur tiram putih tertinggi, yaitu 2.317,36 g/kg bobot substrat basah dengan efisiensi biologis  (EB) 81,03%. Hasil tersebut dicapai selama  65 hari  masa berproduksi dengan jumlah panen 12 kali. Selain serbuk kayu gergaji (SKG) albasia, bahan baku substrat berupa SKG campuran, daun pisang kering, jerami padi, rumput alang-alang, dan bagas/ampas tebu dengan penambahan bekatul antara 5-15%, juga merupakan bahan baku alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai baku substrat untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Hasil bobot segar jamur tiram dari berbagai jenis bahan baku alternatif, yaitu antara 600 sampai 1.200 g/kg bobot basah substrat dengan nilai EB antara 10 sampai 35%The goal of this experiment was to find out alternatively suitable materials for substrates  other than sawdust combined with the application of rice bran as additive materials. A split plot design with 3 replications was set up. Main plot was rice bran concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20%, respectively. Subplot was 13 kinds of substrate materials. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl), West Java from November 2003 to May 2004. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida from Applied Plant Research, The Netherlands. The results of the experiment revealed that application of sawdust albizia in combination with 5% of rice bran produced the highest fresh yield of white oyster mushroom, viz. 2 317.36 g/kg wet substrate with biological efficiency (BE) of 81.03%. This yield was produced during 65 days with  12 times of total number of harvests. Other kinds of substrates, viz. mixed sawdust, dry banana leaves,  rice straw, sedge grass leaves, and sugar cane bagasse in combination with rice bran of 5 to 15%, could be applied as  alternative substrate materials other than sawdust of albizia for cultivating white oyster mushroom. The yield of fresh oyster mushroom using those kinds of alternative substrates mentioned, viz.  600 to 1,200 g/kg wet substrate with BE of 10 to 35%.
Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit Penting Cabai dengan Pestisida Biorasional Suryaningsih, E; Hadisoeganda, A W W
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 17, No 3 (2007): September 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

ABSTRAK. Akibat samping penggunaan pestisida sintetik yang berlebih pada budidaya cabai telah dideteksi di berbagai tempat. Dalam upaya mengurangi kuantum aplikasi pestisida sintetik dapat dengan jalan menggantinya dengan pestisida lain, yang disebut dengan pestisida biorasional. Percobaan lapang telah dilaksanakan di kebun petani di Rancaekek (elevasi 650 m dpl), Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari Juli 2001 sampai dengan Februari 2002. Percobaan ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 4 ulangan dan 4 perlakuan dengan perlakuan-perlakuan sebagai berikut. Pestisida biorasional 866 (campuran ekstrak kasar A. indica 8 bagian + A. nardus 6 bagian + A. galanga 6 bagian), TdNt 102 (campuran T. diversifolia 10 bagian + N. tabacum 2 bagian), TdMa 106 (campuran T. diversifolia 10 bagian + M. azedarach 6 bagian), tigonal 1066 (campuran ekstrak kasar T. diversifolia 10 bagian + A. nardus 6 bagian + A. galanga 6 bagian). Keempat formula tersebut diaplikasikan dengan interval 4 hari dan 7 hari. Insektisida sintetik pirethroid 2.5 EC 0,2% dan fungisida sintetik propineb 70 WP 0,2% diaplikasikan dengan interval 7 hari. Selama percobaan berlangsung, hama dan penyakit yang paling prevalen adalah C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, T. palmi, dan A. gossypii. Hasil penelitian memberi indikasi bahwa semua biorasional yang digunakan ternyata sama efektifnya dengan pestisida sintetik dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit cabai, dengan tingkat efikasi yang bervariasi. Perlakuan yang paling efektif untuk mengendalikan C. capsici adalah biorasional yang mengandung A. indica sebagai komponennya, sedangkan biorasional dengan komponen T. diversifolia ternyata lebih efektif dalam mengendalikan C. gloeosporioides dan T. palmi. Dipihak lain, biorasional yang mengandung komponen M. azedarach dan N. tabacum ternyata efikasinya dalam mengendalikan T. palmi dan A. gossypii sama dengan insektisida sintetik pirethroid 2,5 EC 0,2%. Hasil penelitian ini mencatat bahwa pestisida biorasional yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan peran pestisida sintetik dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit penting pada cabai.ABSTRACT. Suryaningsih, E. and A.W.W. Hadisoeganda. 2007. Control Measure for Important Pests and Diseases of Hot Pepper by Applying Biorational Pesticide. The side effects of the overuse of synthetic pesticides on pepper cultivation have been detected in various locations. The use of other pesticide, such as biorational pesticide could reduce the quantity of synthetic pesticide application. A field experiment was conducted at farmers’s field in Rancaekek (elevation 650 m), Bandung, West Java, from July 2001 to February 2002. A randomized block design with 4 replications was employed in this experiment.The treatments were biorational pesticide agonal 866 (crude extract mixture of A. indica 8 parts + A. nardus 6 parts + A. galanga 6 parts), TdNt 102 (mixture of T. diversifolia 10 parts + N. tabacum 2 parts), TdMa 106 (mixture of T. diversifolia 10 parts + M. azedarach 6 parts), tigonal 1066 (crude extract mixture of T. diversifolia 10 parts + A. nardus 6 parts + A. galanga 6 parts). The treatments were applied at 4 and 7 days interval. Synthetic insecticide pirethroid 2.5 EC 0.2% and propineb 70 WP 0.2%, both applied at 7 days interval. During the experiment, the most prevalent pests and deseases were C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, T. palmi, and A. gossypii, respectively. The results of the experiment indicated that all of the biorational applied were as effective as synthetic pesticides in controlling pests and diseases of pepper with varying degree of efficacy. The most effective in controlling C. capsici were biorationals which contain A. indica component, while biorationals with T. diversifolia as a component seem to be much more effective in controlling C. gloeosporioides as well as T. palmi, respectively. On the other hand, biorationals with M. azedarach and N. tabacum component were found to be as effective as synthetic insecticide pirethroid 2.5 EC 0.2% in controlling T. palmi and A. gossypii. The results of the experiment showed that biorational pesticides can be used to replace synthetic pesticide in controlling important pests and diseases on pepper.
Efikasi Pestisida Biorasional untuk Mengendalikan Thrips palmi Karny pada Tanaman Kentang Suryaningsih, E
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 3 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v18n3.2008.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Dalam upaya untuk mendapatkan pestisida alternatif, percobaan lapangan telah dikerjakan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu (elevasi 1.250 m dpl), Lembang, Jawa Barat dari bulan Oktober 2001 sampai Januari 2002. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, 12 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari pestisida biorasional Phrogonal 866, 666, 466, Phronical 826, 626, 426, 846, 646, 446, Agonal 866, dan pestisida sintetis Deltametrin 2.5 EC. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa semua pestisida biorasional sama efektifnya dibandingkan dengan Deltametrin 2.5 EC konsentrasi 0,25%. Hasil penelitian ini paralel dengan hasil-hasil penelitian tentang pestisida biorasional lainnya, dengan sangat kuat memberi indikasi bahwa pestisida biorasional yang berasal dari tumbuhan akan mampu menggantikan posisi pestisida sintetik dalam mengendalikan T. palmi untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik pada budidaya kentang.ABSTRACT. Suryaningsih, E. 2008 . The Efficacy of Biorational Pesticides to Control ontrol Thrips palmi Karny on Potato Plant . In order to investigate an alternative pesticide, namely biorational pesticides, field experiment was conducted at Margahayu Research Station (elevation 1,250 m asl), Lembang, West Java, from October 2001 until January 2002. The treatments was laid in a randomized block design, with 3 replications. The treatments were biorational pesticides Phrogonal 866, 666, 466, Phronical 826, 626, 426, 846, 646, 446, Agonal 866, and syntetic pesticides Deltamethrin 2.5 EC. The results of the experiment showed that all of the biorationals tested were found to be as effective as Deltamethrin 2.5 EC (0.25%) in controlling T. palmi on potato. However, biorationals consisting A. indica, T. candida, and N. tabacum in higher portion gave higher efficacy compared with synthetic insecticide Deltamethrin 2.5 EC. The results of this experiment were in line with the results of other biorational pesticide experiments, which was strongly gave indication that biorational pesticides derived from plants would be able to replace synthetic pesticides in controlling T. palmi, and to reduce the quantity of synthetic pesticide application on potato cultivation.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram Pleurotus ostreatus Strain Florida dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Substrat Ety Sumiati; E Suryaningsih; - Puspitasari
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v16n2.2006.p%p

Abstract

Daya hasil jamur tiram putih masih perlu diperbaiki. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan jenis bahan baku alternatif selain serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dengan penambahan bahan aditif berupa bekatul untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah  dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah bekatul konsentrasi 5, 10, 15, dan 20%. Anak petak 13 jenis bahan baku utama substrat. Bibit jamur tiram putih menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida yang diintroduksi dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran , Lembang  (1.250 m dpl.), Jawa Barat dari bulan November 2003 sampai Mei 2004. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa aplikasi substrat serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dikombinasikan dengan bekatul 5% menghasilkan bobot segar jamur tiram putih tertinggi, yaitu 2.317,36 g/kg bobot substrat basah dengan efisiensi biologis  (EB) 81,03%. Hasil tersebut dicapai selama  65 hari  masa berproduksi dengan jumlah panen 12 kali. Selain serbuk kayu gergaji (SKG) albasia, bahan baku substrat berupa SKG campuran, daun pisang kering, jerami padi, rumput alang-alang, dan bagas/ampas tebu dengan penambahan bekatul antara 5-15%, juga merupakan bahan baku alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai baku substrat untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Hasil bobot segar jamur tiram dari berbagai jenis bahan baku alternatif, yaitu antara 600 sampai 1.200 g/kg bobot basah substrat dengan nilai EB antara 10 sampai 35%The goal of this experiment was to find out alternatively suitable materials for substrates  other than sawdust combined with the application of rice bran as additive materials. A split plot design with 3 replications was set up. Main plot was rice bran concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20%, respectively. Subplot was 13 kinds of substrate materials. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl), West Java from November 2003 to May 2004. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida from Applied Plant Research, The Netherlands. The results of the experiment revealed that application of sawdust albizia in combination with 5% of rice bran produced the highest fresh yield of white oyster mushroom, viz. 2 317.36 g/kg wet substrate with biological efficiency (BE) of 81.03%. This yield was produced during 65 days with  12 times of total number of harvests. Other kinds of substrates, viz. mixed sawdust, dry banana leaves,  rice straw, sedge grass leaves, and sugar cane bagasse in combination with rice bran of 5 to 15%, could be applied as  alternative substrate materials other than sawdust of albizia for cultivating white oyster mushroom. The yield of fresh oyster mushroom using those kinds of alternative substrates mentioned, viz.  600 to 1,200 g/kg wet substrate with BE of 10 to 35%.
Pengendalian Penyakit Sayuran yang Ditanam dengan Sistem Budidaya Mosaik pada Pertanian Periurban E Suryaningsih
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v18n2.2008.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Efek negatif penggunaan pestisida sintetik yang berlebihan telah banyak dideteksi, bukan hanya di daerah produksi sayuran dataran tinggi saja, tetapi juga di pertanian periurban. Agar mendapatkan alternatif metode pengendalian penyakit alternatif selain penggunaan pestisida sintetik, seperangkat percobaan lapangan telah dilakukan di kebun petani daerah periurban, di Rancaekek (elevasi 680 m dpl), Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari Januari sampai Juli 2001. Percobaan digelar menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, diulang 6 kali. Sayuran tersebut ditanam dengan sistem budidaya mosaik di kawasan pertanian periurban. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah kurungan net plastik putih, pestisida biorasional Agonal 866 + Tigonal 866, Bacillus subtilis 108, Mancozeb 64 WP 0,2% + B. subtilis 108, dan tanpa pestisida (kontrol). Hasil penelitian memberi indikasi bahwa semua metode pengendalian yang diuji sangat efektif mengendalikan penyakit utama cabai, bawang merah, terung, buncis, dan mentimun. Penemuan ini sangat penting bahwa penggunaan pestisida sintetik yang sangat beracun di pertanian periurban, dan urban mengakibatkan senyawa beracun tersebut lebih berpeluang meracuni manusia dan lingkungan.ABSTRACT. Suryaningsih, E. 2008. Disease Control Method for Several Vegetables Planted in Mosaic Farming System in Periurban Agriculture. The negative effects of the overuse of synthetic pesticides has been detected, not only in highland vegetable growing areas but also in periurban agriculture. In order to find out an alternative disease control method other than application of synthetic pesticide, a set of field experiment was conducted at periurban area farmer’s field in Rancaekek (elevation 680 m asl), Bandung, West Java, from January to July 2001. The experiment was laid in a randomized block design, replicated 6 times. The following treatments were employed, namely white plastic net cage, biorational pesticide Agonal 866 + Tigonal 866, Bacillus subtilis 108, Mancozeb 64 WP 0.2% + B. subtilis 108, and unsprayed (control). The results of the experiment gave positive indication that all of alternative control method were very effective to control the major disease of chili pepper, shallot, egg plant, beans, as well as cucumber planted in mosaic farming system in periurban agriculture. These findings were very important since application of poisonous synthetic pesticide in periurban, as well as in urban agriculture tend to be overused and harmfull for human being as well as environment.
Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit Penting Cabai dengan Pestisida Biorasional E Suryaningsih; A W W Hadisoeganda
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 17, No 3 (2007): September 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v17n3.2007.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Akibat samping penggunaan pestisida sintetik yang berlebih pada budidaya cabai telah dideteksi di berbagai tempat. Dalam upaya mengurangi kuantum aplikasi pestisida sintetik dapat dengan jalan menggantinya dengan pestisida lain, yang disebut dengan pestisida biorasional. Percobaan lapang telah dilaksanakan di kebun petani di Rancaekek (elevasi 650 m dpl), Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari Juli 2001 sampai dengan Februari 2002. Percobaan ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 4 ulangan dan 4 perlakuan dengan perlakuan-perlakuan sebagai berikut. Pestisida biorasional 866 (campuran ekstrak kasar A. indica 8 bagian + A. nardus 6 bagian + A. galanga 6 bagian), TdNt 102 (campuran T. diversifolia 10 bagian + N. tabacum 2 bagian), TdMa 106 (campuran T. diversifolia 10 bagian + M. azedarach 6 bagian), tigonal 1066 (campuran ekstrak kasar T. diversifolia 10 bagian + A. nardus 6 bagian + A. galanga 6 bagian). Keempat formula tersebut diaplikasikan dengan interval 4 hari dan 7 hari. Insektisida sintetik pirethroid 2.5 EC 0,2% dan fungisida sintetik propineb 70 WP 0,2% diaplikasikan dengan interval 7 hari. Selama percobaan berlangsung, hama dan penyakit yang paling prevalen adalah C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, T. palmi, dan A. gossypii. Hasil penelitian memberi indikasi bahwa semua biorasional yang digunakan ternyata sama efektifnya dengan pestisida sintetik dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit cabai, dengan tingkat efikasi yang bervariasi. Perlakuan yang paling efektif untuk mengendalikan C. capsici adalah biorasional yang mengandung A. indica sebagai komponennya, sedangkan biorasional dengan komponen T. diversifolia ternyata lebih efektif dalam mengendalikan C. gloeosporioides dan T. palmi. Dipihak lain, biorasional yang mengandung komponen M. azedarach dan N. tabacum ternyata efikasinya dalam mengendalikan T. palmi dan A. gossypii sama dengan insektisida sintetik pirethroid 2,5 EC 0,2%. Hasil penelitian ini mencatat bahwa pestisida biorasional yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan peran pestisida sintetik dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit penting pada cabai.ABSTRACT. Suryaningsih, E. and A.W.W. Hadisoeganda. 2007. Control Measure for Important Pests and Diseases of Hot Pepper by Applying Biorational Pesticide. The side effects of the overuse of synthetic pesticides on pepper cultivation have been detected in various locations. The use of other pesticide, such as biorational pesticide could reduce the quantity of synthetic pesticide application. A field experiment was conducted at farmers’s field in Rancaekek (elevation 650 m), Bandung, West Java, from July 2001 to February 2002. A randomized block design with 4 replications was employed in this experiment.The treatments were biorational pesticide agonal 866 (crude extract mixture of A. indica 8 parts + A. nardus 6 parts + A. galanga 6 parts), TdNt 102 (mixture of T. diversifolia 10 parts + N. tabacum 2 parts), TdMa 106 (mixture of T. diversifolia 10 parts + M. azedarach 6 parts), tigonal 1066 (crude extract mixture of T. diversifolia 10 parts + A. nardus 6 parts + A. galanga 6 parts). The treatments were applied at 4 and 7 days interval. Synthetic insecticide pirethroid 2.5 EC 0.2% and propineb 70 WP 0.2%, both applied at 7 days interval. During the experiment, the most prevalent pests and deseases were C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, T. palmi, and A. gossypii, respectively. The results of the experiment indicated that all of the biorational applied were as effective as synthetic pesticides in controlling pests and diseases of pepper with varying degree of efficacy. The most effective in controlling C. capsici were biorationals which contain A. indica component, while biorationals with T. diversifolia as a component seem to be much more effective in controlling C. gloeosporioides as well as T. palmi, respectively. On the other hand, biorationals with M. azedarach and N. tabacum component were found to be as effective as synthetic insecticide pirethroid 2.5 EC 0.2% in controlling T. palmi and A. gossypii. The results of the experiment showed that biorational pesticides can be used to replace synthetic pesticide in controlling important pests and diseases on pepper.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Media Bibit Ety Sumiati; E Suryaningsih; - Puspitasati
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v16n2.2006.p%p

Abstract

Faktor budidaya jamur tiram yang terpenting adalah aplikasi media bibit induk yang berkualitas. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Ekofisiologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan September 2003 sampai Maret 2004.Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenis bahan baku media bibit jamur tiram dan lama waktu perebusan yang terbaik sebelum disusun sebagai formula media bibit. Kriteria kualitas media bibit dinyatakan dalam satuan waktu, yaitu kecepatan waktu awal dan waktu akhir miselium tumbuh memenuhi botol wadah media bibit. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan RAK pola faktorial dengan 2 ulangan. Faktor pertama lama waktu perebusan awal bahan baku. Faktor kedua jenis bahan baku utama media terdiri atas 21 jenis. Formula media bibit induk juga menggunakan standar formula petani. Bibit jamur tiram menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa hampir semua jenis bahan baku yang dicoba dapat digunakan sebagai media bibit kecuali biji oat. Bahan baku utama media bibit induk jamur tiram yang terbaik adalah millet + SKG 1:1, yaitu  menghasilkan koloni miselium yang kompak, berwarna putih bersih, dan pertumbuhannya konsisten. Bahan baku SKG, beras merah, dan millet tidak perlu direbus, sedangkan oat, wheat, jali lokal tidak dikupas, jali impor, kacang merah, dan kacang hijau perlu direbus selama 15-30 menit.The  very  important step in oyster mushrooms cultivation is application of high quality  of  spawn media. The study was conducted at Ecophysiology Lab. Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl) from September 2003 to March 2004. The goals of this experiment were to get proper kinds of raw materials for spawn media, and the duration of media sterilization. Criteria of good raw materials for spawn media is expressed in minimum total days needed for the growth of mycelium to cover the spawn media (full colonization). A randomized block design with a factorial pattern was set up. The first factor was duration of sterilization by boiling of main raw materials for 0, 15, 30, and 45 minutes, respectively. The second factor was 21kinds of raw materials including formula for spawn media used by farmers. All treatment combinations were replicated 2 times. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was white Pleurotus ostreatus strain  Florida from Applied Plant Research, Netherlands. Research results revealed that in general almost all kinds of raw materials and their combinations were suitable for spawn media of oyster mushroom, except oat grains. The best raw material for spawn media was millet grains+sawdust 1:1. This combination gave the highest quality of mycelium performance with compact colonization, consistent growth, and very clean-white mycelium. Sawdust, red rice, and millet were the best spawn media and can be used directly, while oat, wheat, local jali, imported jali, red bean, and mungbean can be used through 15-30 minutes sterilization.
Co-Authors - Puspitasari - Puspitasati A W W Hadisoeganda Ety Sumiati