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Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis Induction of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Susanti, Idha; Suharsono, Suharsono; Widyastuti, Utut; Siregar, Ulfah Juniarti; Tjahjoleksono, Aris
ANNALES BOGORIENSES Vol 21, No 2 (2017): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : Research Center for Biotechnology - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/ab.v21i2.223

Abstract

The embryogenesis (SE) has important role for genetic engineering of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). However, the success of SE induction depend on plant growth regulator s (PGR)s and treatment enriched in induction media.  This experiment tried to induce callus formation of cassava from several in vitro explants: immature leaf, apical bud, and internode; and to develop somatic embryogenesis of cassava in several media enriched with tyrosine and copper sulphate (CuSO4) added into media enrich with picloram as treatment.  Different response of explants source to callus induction treatment from those three varieties in callus induction as well as friable callus formation were found in this experiment. The best medium to induce varied with variety; MS media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 0.5 mg/L CuSO4 was the best for “Adira 4” and  half MS and half GD media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 100 mg/L tyrosine for “Malang 6”.  All treatments resulted somatic embryo which developed indirectly and in morphologically normal somatic embryos
KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PEMBIAYAAN USAHA PEMBIBITAN TERNAK SAPI Idha Susanti; Arief Daryanto; Muladno Muladno
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 9 No. 3 (2012): Vol. 9 No. 3, November 2012
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (660.221 KB) | DOI: 10.17358/jma.9.3.137-145

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of policies on cattle breeding financing, to determine the factors that could influence the distribution of credit schemes and formulate advices and recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of kredit  usaha  pembibitan  sapi/KUPS credit  scheme distribution and absorption. This study was using a descriptive evaluation method to obtain an overall view of the loan program implementation. The obtained data were analyzed using gap analysis to evaluate the implementation of targeted credit scheme distribution as well as the target, systemic analysis to obtain the effectiveness of the program, correspondence analysis was used to obtain community feedback and regulatory impact assessment analysis to determine recommendations for the credit programs. The result showed that the effectiveness of the program is lower than the policy’s objectives. The public give high responses to this policy, but there are many obstacles were faced by the breeders. The influencing factors were banks, government and cattle breeding business itself. The recommendations are (1) the increasing bank support at the local level, (2) the reduction the overlapping governmental programs, (3) increasing farmers’ ability in accessing banks’ support, and (4) improving the credit policy by using two subsidized pattern program.Keywords: goverment policy analysis, kredit usaha pembibitan sapi/KUPS, regulatory impact assessmentABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas kebijakan pemerintah terhadap pembiayaan pembibitan sapi, melihat faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyaluran skim kredit, dan merumuskan saran dan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas  penyaluran  dan penyerapan skim kredit kredit usaha pembibitan sapi/KUPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode evaluasi deskriptif untuk mendapatkan gambaran menyeluruh dari pelaksanaan program kredit. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis gap untuk mengevaluasi realisasi penyaluran dan target yang telah ditetapkan, analisis kesisteman untuk mengetahui efektivitas program, analisis persepsi responden untuk memperoleh umpan balik  masyarakat dan analisis regulatory impact assessment untuk menentukan saran dan rekomendasi untuk program kredit tersebut. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas program kredit lebih rendah daripada tujuan pencapaiannya. Tanggapan masyarakat terhadap kebijakan ini sangat besar tetapi terdapat banyak kendala yang dihadapi oleh pelaku usaha pembibitan. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi adalah perbankan, pemerintah, dan pelaku usaha pembibitan itu sendiri. Rekomendasi terhadap program skim kredit ini adalah (1) meningkatkan dukungan dari bank, (2) pengurangan program pemerintah yang tumpang tindih, (3) meningkatkan kemampuan petani dalam mengakses bank, dan (4) meningkatkan penyaluran kredit dengan menggunakan program pola dua  subsidi.Kata kunci: analisis kebijakan, kredit usaha pembibitan sapi/KUPS, regulatory impact assessment