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All Journal Research Journal of Life Science Planta Tropika Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
Agung Wahyu Susilo
ICCRI
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Effect of Weather Conditions to Vascular Streak Dieback Disease Severity on Some Cocoa Clones with Different Resistant Levels Aini, Febrilia Nur; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Syibli, Muhammad Akhi; Sari, Indah Anita; Susilo, Agung Wahyu; Setyawan, Bayu; Malik, Abdul; Budiman, Aris
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 10, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rjls.2023.010.02.2

Abstract

Vascular streak dieback is a major disease in cocoa trees that affects at in various stages, and effect in significant yield losses. This study aimed to identify the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), infection rate (r), and the influence of weather factors on the development of vascular streak dieback disease caused by Ceratobasidium theobromae in some cocoa clones with different resistant levels. The research used a randomized complete block design consisted six clones as treatment and each treatment consisted of three replications. Disease severity was observed on six different cocoa clones and observations were conducted monthly. The observation of disease severity was observed monthly for 12 months and then used to analyze AUDPC and infection rate. Monthly data on the weather conditions were taken from the climatology station of the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center, East Java. The results showed that Sulawesi 01 and ICCRI 09, categorized as resistant clones, showed low AUDPC values, 0.02 and 2.85 respectively. The cocoa clones Sulawesi 02 and MCC 02, categorized as tolerant clones, had higher AUDPC values, 19.87 and 34.27 respectively. The cocoa clones BCL and BL 50 showed the highest AUDPC values, 277.05 and 265.70 respectively. Path analysis on resistant clones indicated that rainfall is the most influential weather factor in increasing the severity of vascular streak dieback, followed by temperature. Higher relative humidity can significantly reduce disease severity, while sunlight and wind speed have smaller effects. In contrast, path analysis on susceptible clones showed that temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and wind speed all positively influence the severity of vascular streak dieback. At the same time, sunlight has a mitigating effect.
Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Prope Legitimate Seedlings of 13 Cocoa Clones Under Drought Stress Zasari, Maera; Wachjar, Ade; Susilo, Agung Wahyu; Sudarsono, Sudarsono
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 11, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v11i2.14315

Abstract

The tolerant seedlings are determined by their physiological and biochemical responses. This study aimed to determine stomatal density, relative water content, and proline in prope legitimate seedlings under drought stress. The research was carried out at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center in July 2018 – February 2019, arranged in a randomized split-plot experimental design with six replications. The main plot was soil moisture content, and the sub-plot was the cocoa prope legitimate seedlings. The differences of mean values were tested using analysis of variance, followed by the DMRT and T-student test at 5 % level, analysis of the relative decrease in stomatal density and relative water content, proline content ratio, and the dendrogram analysis. The results showed that the cocoa seedlings under drought experienced significant changes in relative water and proline content but not stomatal density. Drought decreased in the relative water content of 50% and increased proline content in the seedlings. The relative water and proline content divided the prope legitimate seedlings into two groups. The prope legitimate seedlings from KW 516, KW 641, Scavina 06, KKM 22, KW 617, and ICCRI 03 clones were drought-tolerant.
Typology of Cocoa Seedlings Derived from Orthotropic and Plagiotropic Cuttings Compared with Grafting and Hybrid Seeds Santoso, Teguh Iman; Sulistyaningsih, Endang; Putra, Eka Tarwaca Susila; Susilo, Agung Wahyu
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 40, No 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v40i2.93300

Abstract

Cocoa derived from cuttings is expected to overcome the limitations of grafting and hybrid seed propagation. This study aimed to determine the typology of cocoa seedlings derived from cutting, grafting, and hybrid seeds and the similarity among propagations, and assess the biochemical content of budwood cuttings and its relationship with the success rate. This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, East Java, from April to December 2022 by adopting a completely randomized design. A single-factor experiment was performed on propagation methods, namely hybrid seed (HS), orthotropic cutting (OC), plagiotropic cutting (PC), orthotropic grafting (OG), and plagiotropic grafting (PG). The growth characteristics, anatomical characteristics, and biochemical contents of cuttings were observed. Results showed that compared with PC, OC generated a larger root pith diameter that played a role in the improved growth performance. The leaf area, net assimilation rate, and relative growth rate in OC were similar to those in HS. The time to produce OC was similar to PG to meet the minimum standard requirements of ready-to-plant seedlings. However, the root volume, area, and length in OC were below those in HS and still needed to be improved. The cuttings derived from the budwood garden had higher sucrose contents than those from the production garden. Therefore, obtaining OC and PC samples from a budwood garden is recommended to achieve a high success rate.
Co-Authors Ade Wachjar Aini, Febrilia Nur Aris Budiman Bayu Setyawan, Bayu Daniel Happy Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra Endang Sulistyaningsih Indah Anita Sari Luqman Qurata Aini Maera Zasari Sudarsono Syibli, Muhammad Akhi Teguh Iman Santoso